Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2008 | 4 | 1 | 45-62

Article title

Is the Concept of Incongruity Still a Useful Construct for the Advancement of Humor Research?

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
The perception of incongruity is considered to be a necessary, though not sufficient, component of the humor experience. Incongruity has been investigated in the philosophical tradition for centuries, and it goes back as far as Aristotle's definition of the comic as based on a particular form of απάτη (surprise and deception). In modern times, many theoretical models, as well as empirical works, are based on this concept. The question is here raised whether the concept of incongruity has already been examined and exploited to its full potential, and nothing new, of theoretical or experimental usefulness, may be drawn from it. It is proposed to conceptualize incongruity as follows: a stimulus is perceived as incongruous when it diverts from the cognitive model of reference. In this perspective, a number of observations are advanced which point to a heuristic property of incongruity still open to interesting developments, both for theory and for applications.

Publisher

Year

Volume

4

Issue

1

Pages

45-62

Physical description

Dates

published
2008-01-01
online
2008-05-15

Contributors

  • Centro di Ricerca sull'Umorismo, Ravenna

References

  • Attardo, Salvatore. Linguistic Theories of Humor. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994.
  • Attardo, Salvatore. "The semantic foundations of cognitive theories of humor." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 10-4 (1997): 395-420.
  • Attardo, Salvatore. Humorous Texts: A Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2001.
  • Attardo, Salvatore. and Victor Raskin. "Script theory revis(it)ed: Joke similarity and joke representation model." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 4: 3-4 (1991): 293-347.
  • Attardo, Salvatore., Christian F. Hempelmann and Sara Di Maio. "Script opposition and logical mechanisms: Modeling incongruities and their resolutions." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 15-1 (2002): 3-46, doi:10.1515/humr.2002.004.[Crossref]
  • Bariaud, Françoise. La Genèse de l'humour chez l'enfant. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1983.
  • Bartolo, Angela, Francesca Benuzzi, Luca Nocetti, Patrizia Baraldi and Paolo Nichelli. "Humor comprehension and appreciation: An fMRI study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18 (2006): 1789-1798, doi:10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1789.[Crossref]
  • Bateson, Gregory. "The position of humor in human communication." In Cybernetics: Circular Causal and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Sciences, Transactions of the Ninth Conference, edited by Heinz von Foerster, 1-47. New York: Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, 1952.
  • Bergson, Henri. Le Rire. Essai sur la Signification du Comique. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1966 (ed. or. 1900).
  • Byrne, Donn. "Drive level, response to humor, and the cartoons sequence effect." Psychological Reports 4 (1958): 439-442.
  • Carter, Cameron, Todd Braver, Deanna Barch, Matthew Botvinick, Douglas Noll and Jonathan Cohen. "Anterior cingulate cortex, error detection, and the online monitoring of performance." Science 280 (1998): 747-749, doi:10.1126/science.280.5364.747.[Crossref]
  • Coulson, Seana and Marta Kutas. "Getting it: Human event-related brain response to jokes in good and poor comprehenders." Neuroscience Letters 316 (2001): 71-74, doi: 10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02387-4.[Crossref]
  • Coulson, Seana and Ying Choon Wu. "Right hemisphere activation of joke-related information: An event-related brain potential study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17 (2005): 494-506, doi: 10.1162/0898929053279568.[Crossref]
  • Coulson, Seana and Els Severens. "Hemispheric asymmetry and pun comprehension: When cowboys have sore calves." Brain and Language 100-2 (2007): 172-187, doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.08.009.[Crossref]
  • Cundall Jr, Michael K. "Humor and the limits of incongruity." Creativity Research Journal 19-2/3 (2007): 203-211.[Crossref]
  • Davies, Christie. Ethnic Humor around the World: A Comparative Analysis. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1990.
  • Deckers, Lambert. "On the validity of a weight-judging paradigm for the study of humor." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 6-1 (1993): 43-56.
  • Derks, Peter, Lyn Gillikin, Debbie Bartolome-Rull and Edward Bogart. "Laughter and electroencephalographic activity." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 10-3 (1997): 285-300.
  • Dynel, Marta. Humorous Garden-Paths: A Pragmatic-Cognitive Study (forthcoming).
  • Eichinger Ferro-Luzzi, Gabriella. "Tamil jokes and the polythetic-prototype approach to humor." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 3-2 (1990): 147-158.
  • Escarpit, Robert. L'humour. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1960.
  • Festinger, Leon. A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Evanston, IL: Row Peterson, 1957.
  • Forabosco, Giovannantonio. "Cognitive aspects of the humor process: The concept of incongruity." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 5-1/2 (1992): 45-68.
  • Forabosco, Giovannantonio. "‘Seriality’ and appreciation of jokes." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 7-4 (1994): 351-375.
  • Forabosco, Giovannantonio. "The ill side of humor: Pathological conditions and sense of humor." In The Sense of Humor, edited by Willibald Ruch, 271-292. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1998.
  • Forabosco, Giovannantonio. and Willibald Ruch. "Sensation seeking, social attitudes and humor appreciation in Italy." Personality and Individual Differences 16-4 (1994): 515-528, doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90179-1.[Crossref]
  • Goel, Vinod and Raymond J. Dolan. "Social regulation of affective experience of humor." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19 (2007): 1574-1580, doi: 10.1162/jocn.2007.19.9.1574.[Crossref][PubMed]
  • Goldstein, Jeffrey H. "Repetition, motive arousal, and humor appreciation." Journal of Experimental Research in Personality 4 (1970): 90-94.
  • Goldstein, Jeffrey H. and Paul E. McGhee, eds. The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
  • Goldstein, Jeffrey H. "Advances toward an understanding of humor: Implications for the future." In The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues, edited by Jeffrey H. Goldstein and Paul E. McGhee, 243-259. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
  • Grimes, Wilma H. "A theory of humor for public address: the mirth experience." Speech Monographs 22 (1955): 217-226.[Crossref]
  • Hempelmann, Christian F. and Willibald Ruch. "3WD meets GTVH: Breaking the ground for interdisciplinary research." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 18-4 (2005): 353-387, doi: 10.1515/humr.2005.18.4.353.[Crossref]
  • Hillson, Tim R. and Rod A. Martin. "What's so funny about that?: The domainsinteraction approach as a model of incongruity and resolution in humor." Motivation and Emotion 18-1 (1994): 1-29.[Crossref]
  • Kagan, Jerome. "On the need for relativism." American Psychologist 22 (1967): 131-147, doi: 10.1037/h0024311.[Crossref]
  • Keith-Spiegel, Patricia. "Early conceptions of humor: Varieties and issues." In The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues, edited by Jeffrey H. Goldstein and Paul E. McGhee, 3-39. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
  • Kutas, Marta and Kara D. Federmeier. "Electrophysiology reveals semantic memory use in language comprehension." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (2000): 463-470, doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01560-6.[Crossref][PubMed]
  • Latta, Robert L. The Basic Humor Process: A Cognitive Shift Theory and a Case against Incongruity. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999.
  • Martin, Lilien J. "Psychology of aesthetics: Experimental prospecting in the field of the comic." American Journal of Psychology 16-1 (1905): 35-118.[Crossref]
  • Martin, Rod A. The Psychology of Humor. An Integrative Approach. Burlington, MA: Elsevier, 2007.
  • McGhee, Paul E. "The role of operational thinking in children's comprehension of humor." Child Development 42-3 (1971): 733-744.[Crossref]
  • McGhee, Paul E. "The role of arousal and hemispheric lateralization in humor." In Handbook of Humor Research (I), edited by Paul E. McGhee and Jeffrey H. Goldstein, 13-37. New York: Springer, 1983.
  • Morin, Violette. "L'histoire Drôle." Communications 8 (1966): 102-119.[Crossref]
  • Oring, Elliott. Review of The Basic Humor Process: A Cognitive Shift Theory and a Case against Incongruity. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999, by Robert L. Latta. Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 12-4 (1999): 457-464.
  • Paolillo, John C. "Gary Larson's Far Side: Nonsense? Nonsense!" Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 11-3 (1998): 261-290.
  • Pien, Diana and Mary K. Rothbart. "Incongruity and resolution in children's humor: A reexamination". Child Development 47-4 (1976): 966-971.[Crossref]
  • Raskin, Victor. Semantic Mechanisms of Humor. New York: Reidel/Kluwer, 1985.
  • Ruch, Willibald. "Assessment of appreciation of humor: Studies with the 3WD humor test." In Advances in Personality Assessment vol. 9, edited by Charles D. Spielberger and James N. Butcher, 27-75. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1992.
  • Ruch, Willibald. and Franz-Joseph Hehl. "A two-mode model of humor appreciation: Its relation to aesthetic appreciation and simplicity-complexity of personality." In The Sense of Humor, edited by Willibald Ruch, 109-142. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1998.
  • Santarcangeli, Paolo. Homo Ridens. Firenze: Olschki, 1989.
  • Shultz, Thomas R. "The role of incongruity and resolution in children's appreciation of cartoon humor." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 13 (1972): 456-477, doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(72)90074-4.[Crossref]
  • Suls, Jerry M. "A two-stage model for the appreciation of jokes and cartoons." In The Psychology of Humor: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Issues, edited by Jeffrey H. Goldstein and Paul E. McGhee, 81-100. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
  • Suls, Jerry M. "Cognitive processes in humor appreciation". In Handbook of Humor Research (I), edited by Paul E. McGhee and Jeffrey H. Goldstein, 39-57. New York: Springer, 1983.
  • Uerkermann, Jennifer, Irene Daum and Shelley Channon. "Toward a cognitive and social neuroscience of humor processing." Social Cognition 25-4 (2007): 553-572, doi: 10.1521/soco.2007.25.4.553.[Crossref]
  • Veale, Tony. "Incongruity in humor: Root cause or epiphenomenon?" Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 17-4 (2004): 419-428.
  • Wild, Barbara, Frank A. Rodden, Wolfgang Grodd and Willibald Ruch. "Neural correlates of laughter and humour." Brain 126 (2003): 2121-2138, doi: 10.1093/brain/awg226.[PubMed][Crossref]
  • Zajonc, Robert B. "Attitudinal effect on mere exposure." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 6-2 (1968): 1-27, doi: 10.1037/h0025848.[Crossref]
  • Freud, Sigmund. Der Witz und seine Beziehung zum Unbewussten. Leipzig and Vienna: Deuticke, 1905 (Tr.: Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious. New York: Norton, 1960).
  • Fry, William F. Sweet Madness: A Study of Humor. Palo Alto, CA: Pacific Books, 1963.
  • Fry, William F. "Humor and the brain: A selective review." Humor. International Journal of Humor Research 15-3 (2002): 305-333, doi: 10.1515/humr.2002.017.[Crossref]

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.doi-10_2478_v10016-008-0003-5
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.