Od encykliky Qui pluribus k encyklice Ad beatissimi apostolorum. Vztah Svatého stolce ke komunizmu v období před bolševickou revolucí v roce 1917

• Authors: Marek Šmíd

Title variants

EN

From the encyclical Qui pluribus to the encyclical Ad beatissimi apostolorum: The relationship of the Holy See to communism in the period before the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917

RU

От энциклики Qui pluribus к энциклике Ad beatissimi apostolorum. Отношение Святого Престола к коммунизму в период перед большевистской революцией 1917 г.

• Languages of publication: CS

Abstracts

EN

The study presented deals with the relationship of the Catholic Church to the ideology of Communism. It is a relatively long and complex “story” of clashes, which has several levels – political, religious, economic, social and societal. It is possible to date its beginning to the middle of the 19th century, when the two sides confronted each other for the first time and openly, and when unsustainable difficulties for mutual good relations arose, because relations very soon moved from the political-religious plane to the economic and social sphere, considering the numerous working classes, when both sides tried to solve the social question on the basis of their own principles and beliefs. The ascension of Communism to power in Russia in 1917 deepened these conflicts, because the radical left-wing regime acted openly against the Church and severely restricted religious life in Russia. The popes of the first half of the 20th century thus firmly and repeatedly rejected Communist ideology, as evidenced by numerous encyclicals, most notably in 1937 when Pope Pius XI described communism as a dangerous, godless system that seeks a complete disruption of the social order and completely defies the Christian way of life.

Keywords

EN

Vatican; communism; socialism; social question; 19th century

Discipline

• HISTORY: HISTORY

• Publisher: Institute of History, Czech Academy of Sciences
• Journal: Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
• Year: 2018
• Volume: 104
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 755-770
• Document type: ARTICLE

Contributors

author

Marek  Šmíd

• Slovanský přehled, redakce, Historický ústav AV ČR, v.v.i., Prosecká 76, 190 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic