EN
This article presents the key ideas of the philosophical visions of 20th-century European culture that attracted the attention of Czeslaw Milosz before writing 'The Native Realm' (1959). He wanted to scrutinize Europe's modern myths with a view of exposing those that appeared to have had the most pernicious impact on mindset of the 20th-century Europeans (chief among them were the myth of man's innate goodness, the idea of natural man, and the 19th-century philosophical antirationalism). Having diagnosed the situation, Milosz continued to look for adequate antidotes. He found them in the ethics of the Gospel, the inner moral authority of man's conscience, and in the Humanist tradition. He not only stressed the importance of the European countryside, which clung to its simple religious tradition and did not capitulate to the sophisticated onslaughts of Marxism, but also, with the eye of a prophet, pointed to Central Europe as the place from which the rebuilding of Europe's unity would resume.