EN
The main objective of this paper is to give an outline of the problems occurring in the process of phraseological competence acquisition and development in a foreign language. Taking into account the present needs to learn foreign languages, it should be noted that this issue is of high importance even if it has not been discussed frequently by researchers of phraseology. In the introduction the author presents a range of phraseological phenomenon as well as its place in the Common European framework of reference for languages. What is more, the author refines the characterization of phraseological didactics which appropriately defines this new research discipline, the goal of which is to determine the effective teaching-learning process of phraseological structures. Then, the ways of defining and characteristics of idiomatic expressions are presented. Furthermore, the main attention is paid to the process of learning as well as phraseological competence in foreign language acquisition. Consequently, the consecutive stages of this process are described. Next, the main problems of phraseological competence acquisition are shown and a classification of idiomatic expressions in the field of their varying levels of difficulty, which the non-native speakers face. Finally, the presented framework of the discussed strategies and ideas of phraseological didactics may be helpful in the process of phraseological competence acquisition and development in foreign languages.xw