EN
Ukraine is positioned in the international research area as a country with recognized academic schools established mainly in the soviet period and two-level system of training and evaluation of research personnel, candidates of sciences and doctors of sciences. Post-graduate and post-doctoral courses still remain to be the maim forms of the training. A detailed account of post-graduate and post-doctoral training in Ukraine before and after the breakdown of the USSR is contained, with emphasizing the distinction between Ukraine and the West with respect to post-graduate and posts-doctoral training: while in the West it's located in universities, in Ukraine it's located in the Academy of Sciences and 'branch' research institutes. The analysis is made by use of the abundant statistical data on post-graduate and posts-doctoral training and R&D financing. Systemic threats to the quality of post-graduate and posts-doctoral training, appeared in the post-soviet Ukraine, are outlined. All of them are associated in a way with the degrading quality of post-graduate and posts-doctoral training in Ukraine HEEs, due to disparities between the small amounts of performed R&D and the increasing number of post-graduates there. However, this quality-specific problem doesn't exist in the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine. Quality-specific trends in Ukrainian HEEs and the NAS of Ukraine are proved statistically, which allows to position the NAS of Ukraine as the leader in post-graduate and post-doctoral training in Ukraine.