The Indian Revolutionaries. The American Indian Movement in the 1960s and 1970s

• Authors: Misiarz, Radosław

Title variants

EN

Indiańscy rewolucjoniści. Ruch Indian Amerykańskich w latach sześćdziesiątych i siedemdziesiątych XX wieku

Abstracts

EN

The ideas of supra-tribal unity and Indian nationalism arising among Native Americans in the 20th century initiated the phenomenon defined by the American historians as modern Pan-Indianism. Its first phase occurred at the beginning of the 20th century whereas the second one, more apparent, is connected with the so called “Red Power” movement and dates back to the 1960s and 1970s. During this stormy period for the USA, when ethnic minorities started to openly manifest their postulates for equality, American Indians took their voice thereon too. Due to its extremism, American Indian Movement was the top one among many Indian groups that emerged at that time. The organization founded in 1968 by Dennis Banks and Russell Means quickly attracted American public attention due to their radical actions. The Movement was the most active in the 1960s and 1970s. At that time, relying on aggressive anti-government rhetoric, AIM created a peculiar ideology invoking Indian tribal spirituality, and proposed their own political program focusing on the issue of obtaining full sovereignty by Indian peoples and reforming federal policy towards Native Americans.

PL

W XX w. budzące się wśród tubylczych Amerykanów idee jedności ponadplemiennej i nacjonalizmu indiańskiego dały początek zjawisku określanemu przez historyków amerykańskich jako nowoczesny panindianizm. Jego pierwsza faza przypada na początek XX stulecia natomiast druga, bardziej wyrazista, związana z tzw. ruchem „Red Power” jest datowana na lata sześćdziesiąte i siedemdziesiąte XX wieku. W tym burzliwym dla Ameryki okresie, gdy mniejszości etniczne zaczęły głośno manifestować swoje postulaty równouprawnienia, również Indianie zapisali swą kartę. Spośród wielu grup indiańskich, które wówczas powstały, na czoło wybił się swoim ekstremizmem Ruch Indian Amerykańskich (American Indian Movement). Założona w 1968 r. organizacja ta, pod przywództwem Dennisa Banksa i Russella Meansa, szybko przykuła uwagę amerykańskiej opinii publicznej radykalnymi akcjami. Apogeum działalności Ruchu przypadło na lata sześćdziesiąte i siedemdziesiąte XX stulecia. Wówczas AIM, posiłkując się agresywną retoryką antyrządową, stworzył swoistą ideologię odwołującą się do indiańskiej duchowości plemiennej oraz wysunął własny program polityczny odnoszący się do kwestii uzyskania pełnej suwerenności przez narody indiańskie i zreformowania federalnej polityki wobec tubylczych Amerykanów.

Keywords

EN

The United States of America; North American Indians; Pan-Indianism; “Red Power” Movement; American Indian Movement; Stany Zjednoczone; Indianie Ameryki Północnej; Panindianizm; Ruch „Red Power”; Ruch Indian Amerykańskich

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
• Journal: Białostockie Teki Historyczne
• Year: 2017
• Volume: Białostockie Teki Historyczne, 2017, tom 15

Dates

published

2017

Contributors

author

Misiarz, Radosław

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Identifiers

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/11320/6346

DOI

10.15290/bth.2017.15.11