Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2017 | 8 | 1 | 207-224

Article title

Moral Competence and Aggression Prevention. Updating MCT Pilot Studies Inspired by Georg Lind’s Book How to Teach Morality. Promoting Deliberation and Discussion, Reducing Violence and Deceit (2016)

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
Aggression in juveniles may increase even in modern societies and manifest itself in countless forms of violence, including harming, persecution, abuse, pressure, hostility, etc. A large number of studies on the evolutionary, psychological and sociological origins of aggression are available. However, we lack cognitive remedies to counter developing tendencies towards aggressive behavior. Georg Lind's book How to teach morality. Promoting deliberation and discussion, reducing violence and deceit (2016) offers such a remedy based on his long–term (1976–2017) experiences with dilemma discussion training. This paper draws on Lind's conception of strengthening socio-moral competence as the most efficient remedy against aggression. It also revisits the ongoing theories of empathy. Finally, it revises the pilot research study that we conducted 2010 among Polish and Swiss juveniles7. That study focused on the following hypotheses: Lind's method of dilemma discussion (KMDD) can train and retrain moral competence in  uveniles that show a slight inclination towards aggressive behavior. Strong moral competence may prevent further maldevelopment, in particular interpersonal and collective violence.

Year

Volume

8

Issue

1

Pages

207-224

Physical description

Dates

published
2017-05-01

Contributors

author
  • Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznań
  • Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznań

References

  • Apel, K.-A. 1990. Diskurs und Verantwortung. Frankfurt/M.: Suhrkamp.
  • Avenanti, A., Sirigu, A., & Agliotii, S. M. 2010. Racial Bias Reduces Empathic Sensorimotor Resonance With Other-Race Pain. Current Biology, 20, 1018–22.
  • Bartels, D. 2008. Principled Moral Sentiment and the Flexibility of Moral Judgment And Decision Making. Cognition, 108, 381–417.
  • Bieńkowski, M. & Świderska, A. 2017. Postawy wobec imigrantów i uchodźców. Panel Badań Społecznych CBU. Retrieved from cbu.psychologia.pl on August 7, 2017.
  • Bloom, P. 2017. Mściciel z empatią, interview with Paul Bloom. Ed. by M. Rotkiewicz. Polityka, 27(3117), 5.07.2017: 56–58.
  • Bloom, P. 2016. Against Empathy: The Case for Rational Compassion. New York: The Ecco Press – Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Brehm, J. W. & Cohen, A. R. 1962. Exploration in Cognitive Dissonance. New York: Wiley.
  • Butler, J. 2004. Precarious Life. The Powers of Mourning and Violence. New York: Verso.
  • Butovskaya, M., Verbeek, P., Ljungberg, T., & Lunardini, A. 2000. A Multicultural View of Peacemaking Among Young Children. In F. Aureli & F. De Waal, Natural Conflict Resolution. Berkeley – Los Angeles – London: University of California Press, pp. 243–252).
  • Cavelzani, A. & Esposito, M. 2010. Emotional Intelligence & Hospitality. Tate Publishing (e-Book).
  • DiDenti Christiansen, E. 2010. Adolescent Cape Verdean Girls’ Experiences of Violence, Incarceration, and Deportation: Developing Resources Through Participatory Community-Based Groups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 34, 127–140.
  • Dodge, K. A. et al. 2003. Peer Rejection and Social Information-Processing Factors in the Development of Aggressive Behavior Problems in Children. Child Development, 74 (2), 374–393.
  • Freire, P. 2005. Pedagogy of the Opressed. New York – London: Continuum.
  • Friedman, M. 1985. Abraham, Socrates, and Heinz: Where Are the Women? (Care and Context in Moral Reasoning). In C. Gibb Harding (ed.) Moral Dilemmas. Philosophical and Psychological Issues in the Development of Moral Resoning. Chicago: Precedent Publishing, Inc., pp. 25–42.
  • Gehlen, A. 1986. Der Mensch. Seine Natur und seine Stellung in der Welt. Wiesbaden: Aula Verlag.
  • Gower A. L., Shlafer R. et al. 2014. Brief Report: Associations Between Adolescent Girls’ Social–Emotional Intelligence and Violence Perpetration. Journal of Adolescence, 37, 67–71.
  • Greene, J. D., Sommerville, R. B., Nystrom, L. E., Darley, J. M., & Cohen, J. D. 2001. An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment. Science, 293(5537), 2105–2108.
  • Greene, J. D. 2009. Dual-Process Morality And the Personal/Impersonal Distinction: A Reply to McGuire, Langdon, Coltheart, and Mackenzie. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 581–584.
  • Greene, J. D. 2015. The Rise of Moral Cognition. Cognition, 135, 39–42.
  • Habermas, J. 1985. Autonomy and Solidarity. Interviews with Jürgen Habermas. London – New York: Verso.
  • Habermas, J. 1984. The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 1, Reason and the Rationalisation of Society. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • Haidt, J. 2001. The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail: A Social Intuitionist Approach To Moral Judgment. Psychological Review, 108, 814–834.
  • Hamlin, J. K. et al. 2007. Social Evaluation By Preverbal Infants. Nature, 450 (7169), 557–559.
  • Hemmerling, K. 2014. Morality Behind Bars: An Intervention Study on Fostering Moral Competence of Prisoners As a New Approach To Social Rehabilitation. Frankfurt/M.: Peter Lang Edition.
  • Hemmerling, K., Scharlipp, M., & Lind, G. 2009. Die Konstanzer Methode der Dilemma Diskussion für die Bildungsarbeit mit Risikogruppen, in K. Mayer & H. Schildknecht (eds) Handbuch Dissozialität, Delinquenz und Kriminalität – Grundlagen und Methoden der professionellen Arbeit mit Menschen mit abweichendem Verhalten. Zürich: Schulthess.
  • Holditch Niolon, Ph. et al. 2015. Prevalence of Teen Dating Violence and Cooccurring Risk Factors Among Middle School Youth in High-Risk Urban Communities. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56, S5–S13.
  • Koch, D. et al. 2006. Diminishing Reciprocal Fairness By Disrupting the Right Prefrontal Cortex. Science Express, http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2006/10/05/science.1129156.full.pdf (retrieved on February 15, 2017).
  • Koyama, H. 2012. Freedom and Power in the Thought of Hannah Arendt: Civil Disobedience and the Politics of Theatre. Theoria. A Journal of Social and Political Theory, 59(133), 70–80.
  • Lamm, C. & Majdandžić, J. 2015. The Role of Shared Neural Activations, Mirror Neurons, and Morality in Empathy – A Critical Comment. Neuroscience Research, 90, 15–24.
  • Lind, G. 1997. Gewalt als die niedrigste Ebene der Konfliktlösung. Ethics in Progress Quarterly, 1 (2010). Paper presented at the 10th Conference of Peace Psychology, University of Konstanz, 13.–15.06.1997.
  • Lind, G. 1998. Gewalt und Krieg als die niedrigste Stufe der Konfliktbewältigung, in W. Kempf & I. Schmidt-Regener (eds) Krieg. Nationalismus, Rassismus und die Medien. Münster: LIT Verlag, pp. 271–282.
  • Lind, G. 1985a. Growth and Regression on Cognitive-Moral Development, in C. Gibb Harding (ed.) Moral Dilemmas. Chicago: Precedent Publishing, pp. 99–114.
  • Lind, G. 1982. Integrating Affect And Cognition: The Concept of 'Experimental Questionnaires' For Evaluating Educational Programs. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Moral Education, Fribourg (Switzerland).
  • Lind, G. 2002. Ist Moral lehrbar? München: Logos.Moral Competence and Aggression Prevention 16
  • Lind, G. 2010. Moral Education. A Dual-Aspect Theory. In E. Kiel & K. Zierer (eds) Gestaltung Basisunterricht (in German). English hand-out.
  • Lind, G. 1993. Zur Psychologie gewalttätigen Verhaltens und seiner Prävention. Psychology of Morality & Democracy and Education. Retrieved from: http://www.uni-konstanz.de/ag-moral/pdf/Lind-1993_GewaltTheorien.pdf.
  • Lind, G. 1985b. Parallelität von Affekt und Kognition in der moralischen Entwicklung, in F. Oser, W. Althoff, & D. Garz (eds) Entstehung moralischer Identität, Soziogenese, moralisches Handeln und Schuld. München: Peter Kindt.
  • Lind, G. & Nowak, E. 2015. Kohlberg’s Unnoticed Dilemma – The External Assessment of Internal Moral Competence?, in B. Zizek, D. Garz, & E. Nowak (eds) Kohlberg Revisited. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers, pp. 139–154.
  • Lind, G. & Nowak, E. 2009. Mis-Educative Martial Law: The Fate of Free Discourse and the Moral Judgment Competence of Polish University Students From 1977 To 1983. In B. Wojciechowski & M. Zirk-Sadowski (eds) Between Complexity of Law and Lack of Order, Toruń – Bejing. Adam Marszałek Publishing, pp. 145–165. Paper presented at the AME Congress in New York, New York University 2007.
  • Lipsey, M. W. et al. 2001. Cognitive-Behavioral Programs for Offenders. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 578, 144–157.
  • Lösel, F. & Beelmann, A. 2003. Effects of Child Skills Training in Preventing Antisocial Behavior: A Systematic Review of Randomized Evaluations. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 587(1), 84–109.
  • Lösel, F. 2008. Präventionseffekte sozialer Kompetenztraining für Kinder. Erlangen: Stiftung Deutsches Forum für Kriminalprävention (PDFdocument).
  • Olweus, D. 1994. Bullying at School: Long-Term Outcomes for the Victims and an Effective School-Based Intervention Program. Aggressive Behavior: Current Perspectives. New York: Plenum, pp. 97–130.
  • Oswald, P. A. 1996. The Effects of Cognitive and Affective Perspective–Taking on Empathic Concern and Altruistic Helping. Journal of Social Psychology, (136), 613–623.
  • Nowak, E. 2013. Democracy Begins in the Mind. Developing Democratic Personality, in E. Nowak, B. Zizek & D. E. Schrader (eds) Educating Competencies for Democracy. Frankfurt am Main – Berlin – Bruxelles – New York – Oxford – Warszawa – Wien: Peter Lang Publishing, pp. 399–416.
  • Nowak, E. 2015. Mediterranean Drama: Pragmatic, Legal and Moral Aspects of Hospitality. Public Philosophy and Democratic Education, 4(2), 144–162.
  • Nowak, E. & Steć, M. 2017. Linking Moral Competence, Hospitality and Education. An MCT based Pilot Survey, in R. Franzini Tibaldeo & G. Lingua (eds) Philosophy & Community Practices. Bern – Bruxelles – New York – Warsaw – Frankfurt/M.: Peter Lang Publishing.
  • Pearson, J. (ed.). 2001. Michel Foucault. Fearless Speech. Los Angeles: Semiotext(e).
  • Piaget, J. 1981. Intelligence and Affectivity. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews Monograph.
  • Piaget, J. 1965. The Moral Judgment of the Child. New York: The Free Press.
  • Radbruch, G. 1993. Politische Schriften aus der Weimarer Zeit. Bildungs- und Religionspolitik, vol. 2. Heidelberg: C. F. Müller Verlag.
  • Radbruch, G. 2003. Rechtsphilosophie. Studienausgabe, 2. Aufl. Hg. v. R. Dreier & S. L. Paulson. Heidelberg: C.F. Müller Verlag.
  • Rawls, J. 1999. The Theory of Justice. Harvard University Press.
  • Raine, A. & Dodge, K. A. 2006. The Reactive–Proactive Aggression Questionnaire: Differential Correlates of Reactive and Proactive Aggression in Adolescent Boys. Aggressive Behavior, 32, 159–171.
  • Richardson, D. R. et al. 1988. Relationship Between Perspective-Taking and Non-Aggressive Responding in the Face of An Attack. Journal of Personality, 66(2), 235–256.
  • Roberts, W. & Strayer, J. 1996. Empathy, Emotional Expressiveness, and Prosocial Behaviour. Child Development, 67(2), 449–470.
  • Schanzenbächer, S. 2003. Anti-Aggressivitäts-Training auf dem Prüfstand. Behandlung der Gewalttäter lohnt sich. Freiburg: Centaurus Verlag & Media.
  • Schillinger, M. 2006. Learning Environment and Moral Development. Aachen: Shaker.
  • Shlafer, R. J., McMorris, B. J. et al. 2013. The Impact of Family and Peer Protective Factors on Girls’ Violence Perpetration and Victimization. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52, 365–371.
  • Sloterdijk, P. 2010. Rage and Time – A Psychopolitical Investigation. Tr. M. Wenning. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
  • Thoreau, H. D. 1849. On the Duty of Civil Disobedience. Project Gutenberg, retrieved from http://www.gutenberg.org/files/71/71-h/71-h.htm (on May 20, 2016).
  • Weidner, J. 2001. Anti-Aggressivitäts-Training für Gewalttäter. Mönchenglad–bach: Forum Verlag Godesberg.
  • Zimbardo, Ph. 2007. The Lucifer Effect. Understanding Howe Good People Turn Evil. New York: Random House.
  • Yoon, S., Kobulsky, J. M. et al. 2015. Gender Differences in Caregiver–Child Relationship Mediation of the Association Between Violence Exposure Severity and Adolescent Behavior Problems. Child Abuse & Neglect, 50, 104–115.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_14746_eip_2017_1_13
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.