Wina i sumienie. Komentarz etyczny do epilogu Zbrodni i kary Fiodora Dostojewskiego

• Authors: Alfred Marek Wierzbicki

Title variants

EN

The Guilt and Conscience. An Ethical Commentary to the Epilogue of Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Dostoyevsky’s famous novel Crime and Punishment can be interpreted as an argument with Nietzsche’s view on the genealogy of conscience. While Nietzsche believes that conscience is a product of a disease and inhibits the will to power, Dostoevsky shows the situation of crossing the border as a source of moral illness and self-destruction of the human person. Crime and Punishment, as well as Dostoevsky’s novel Demons and The Trial of F. Kafka, also criticize modern and postmodern society, in which there is a strong trend, stimulated by psychoanalysis, to liberate people from guilt. With reference to Martin Buber’s views, the author of the article formulates a thesis on the ontological nature of guilt, treating its confession as a necessary act of self-enlightenment in conscience.Examining the structure of conscience in the context of guilt, a deeper level must be indicated, called synderesis in the scholastic tradition. Considering the elements of experience present in the experience of conscience, the author criticizes the intellectualist interpretation of synderesis. He takes into account the deep level of understanding of conscience in the category of heart made by D. v. Hildebrand and the anamnesis category of J. Ratzinger.

EN

Dostoyevsky’s famous novel Crime and Punishment can be interpreted as an argument with Nietzsche’s view on the genealogy of conscience. While Nietzsche believes that conscience is a product of a disease and inhibits the will to power, Dostoevsky shows the situation of crossing the border as a source of moral illness and self-destruction of the human person. Crime andPunishment, as well as Dostoevsky’s novel Demons and The Trial of F. Kafka, also criticize modern and postmodern society, in which there is a strong trend, stimulated by psychoanalysis, to liberate people from guilt. With reference to Martin Buber’s views, the author of the article formulatesa thesis on the ontological nature of guilt, treating its confession as a necessary act of self-enlightenment in conscience.Examining the structure of conscience in the context of guilt, a deeper level must be indicated, called synderesis in the scholastic tradition. Considering the elements of experience present in the experience of conscience, the author criticizes the intellectualist interpretation of synderesis. He takes into account the deep level of understanding of conscience in the category of heart made by D. v. Hildebrand and the anamnesis category of J. Ratzinger.

Keywords

PL

conscience; culpability; Übermensch; the will to power; receptivity and activity of conscience; confession of guilt; ontological culpability; synderesis; heart; anamnesis

• Publisher: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
• Journal: Filozofia Chrześcijańska
• Year: 2012
• Volume: 9
• Pages: 39-50

Dates

published

2012-01-01

Contributors

author

Alfred Marek Wierzbicki

• Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II Wydział Filozofii

References

• Buber M., Wina i poczucie winy, tłum. S. Grygiel, „Znak" nr 3 (1967), s. 3-26.
• Dostojewski F., Zbrodnia i kara, tłum. C. Jastrzębiec-Kozłowski, Warszawa 1977.
• MacIntyre A., Trzy antagonistyczne wersje dociekań moralnych. Etyka, Genealogia i Tradycja, tłum. M. Filipczuk, Warszawa 2009.
• Nietzsche F., Z genealogii moralności. Pismo polemiczne, tłum. G. Sowiński, Kraków 1997.
• Platon, Obrona Sokratesa, 31b, tłum. W. Witwicki, Warszawa 1958.
• Ratzinger J., Prawda i sumienie, tłum. J. Merecki, „Ethos” nr 3-4 (1991).
• Siemianowski A., Sumienie, Bydgoszcz 1997.
• Św. Tomasz z Akwinu, Dysputy problemowe o synderezie (Quaestiones disputatae de synderesi) art. 3, tłum. A. Białek, w: św. Tomasz z Akwinu, De Conscientia. O sumieniu, red. A. Maryniarczyk, Lublin 2010.

Identifiers

DOI

10.14746/fc.2012.09.03