ON SOME PROPERTIES OF ACRONYMS USED IN KOREAN

• Authors: Anna Borowiak

Title variants

KO

한국어에서 사용되는 두문자어의 일부 속성(屬性)에 관한 고찰

PL

O NIEKTÓRYCH WŁASNOŚCIACH AKRONIMÓW UŻYWANYCH W JĘZYKU KOREAŃSKIM

Abstracts

PL

Proces abrewiacji w języku koreańskim dotyczy zarówno jednostek leksykalnych, jak i gramatycznych (por. Borowiak, 2015). Niniejszy artykuł skupia się jednak tylko na jednym rodzaju tych pierwszych, a mianowicie na akronimach. Wspomniane formacje powstają w procesie językowym, który można nazwać akronimizacją i są wygodnym środkiem ekspresji szeroko stosowanym w różnych dziedzinach współczesnej cywilizacji, takich jak nauka i technika, ekonomia, życie publiczne, media, marketing itp. Pomimo swej niezaprzeczalnej popularności, zagadnieniu akronimologii poświęca się w literaturze przedmiotu stosunkowo niewiele uwagi. Wynika to zapewne z faktu, iż koncentruje się ona głównie na słowotwórstwie, opartym na analizie morfemów jako jednostek składowych i w związku z tym bagatelizuje akronimy, traktując je jako nieprzewidywalne „innowacje, nieoparte na regułach” (por. Bauer, 2001). Jednakże, jak wskazuje Szadyko (1997: 127), wiek XX należy do akronimów, dlatego też temat ten zasługuje na zdecydowanie większą uwagę. Celem niniejszej pracy jest wskazanie, przeanalizowanie oraz sklasyfikowanie akronimów używanych w języku koreańskim. Abrewiacje tego właśnie typu, choć rzadko i raczej pobieżnie omawiane w publikacjach poświęconych koreańskiemu słowotwórstwu, w języku koreańskim bardzo często występują. Biorąc pod uwagę ich liczbę oraz różnorodność, podjęto próbę sklasyfikowania ich na podstawie takich kryteriów, jak: pochodzenie, obszar zastosowania, rozpoznawalność, sposób tworzenia, forma grafemiczna oraz rodzaj elementów składowych.

KO

한국어에서의 축약 과정은 각각 어휘적인 단위와 문법적인 단위에 의해서 이루어진다 (Borowiak 2015 참조). 그러나 본 연구는 전자의 방법 중 하나인 두문자어(acronym)에만 초점을 맞춘다. 논의하고자 하는 어휘적인 단위의 축약은 두문자화(頭文字化, acronymization)라고 명명 할 수 있는 언어 과정에 의해 형성되며, 현대 사회의 여러 분야, 즉 과학과 기술, 경제와 공적 생활, 대중매체, 마케팅 등의 분야에서 불가결하고 편리한 표현 수단으로 사용된다. 이러한 두문자어의 부정할 수 없는 대중성에도 불구하고 두문자론(頭文字論, acronymology)의 주제는 대체로 형태소에 중심을 두는 조어법에 있어서 상대적으로 적은 관심을 받고 있다. 또한 두문자어를 예측이 불가한 '비규칙적으로 규정된 혁신'(Bauer 2001 참조)으로 여기고 경시한다. 그러나 Szadyko (1997:127)가 지적한 바와 같이 '20세기는 두문자어의 세기이다.' 따라서 이 분야의 연구에 더욱 주목할 만한 가치가 있음을 밝힌다. 본 연구의 목적은 한국어에서 사용되는 두문자어를 찾아내고,분석·분류하는데에 있다. 본고에서는 매우 드물고 간략하게만 다루어지는 이 독특한 형태의 축약형이 실제로는 한국어에 수적으로 대단히 많이 존재함을 제시하고자 한다. 그리하여 두문자어의 수와 다양성을 염두에 두고 어원, 사용 분야, 어휘적인 의미와 친숙함, 형성 방법,서기소(書記素)의 형태 및 구성요소의 특성에 따른 분류를 시도할 것이다.

EN

Abbreviation process in Korean applies to both lexical and grammatical units (cf. Borowiak 2015). This article however focuses only on one type of the former, namely acronyms. The formations in question are created in the lingual process, which could be called acronymization and are a convenient means of expression widely used in various fields of contemporary civilization such as science and technology, economy and public life, media, marketing etc. Despite their undeniable popularity the subject of acronymology is given relatively little attention in relevant literature, which concentrates mainly on morpheme-based word-formation and thus downplays acronyms as being e.g. unpredictable ‘non-rule governed innovations’ (cf. Bauer 2001). The 20th century however, as Szadyko (1997: 127) points out, belongs to acronyms – that is why the subject definitely deserves more attention. The aim of this article is to identify, analyze and classify acronyms used in Korean. Abbreviations of this particular type, as this paper will attempt to show, although rarely and rather briefly discussed, are in fact extremely numerous in Korean language. Taking into consideration their number and variety the attempt to classify them according to origin, fields of usage, lexical meaning and familiarity, the method of formation, graphemic form and the type of founding constituents is made.

Keywords

PL

język koreański; abrewiacja leksykalna; akronim; akronimizacja; akronimologia; kryteria klasyfikacji

EN

Korean language; lexical abbreviation; acronym; acronymization; acronymology; classification criteria

• Publisher: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
• Journal: International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences
• Year: 2016
• Volume: 2
• Pages: 123-156

Dates

published

2016

Contributors

author

Anna Borowiak

• Department of Korean Studies Institute of Linguistics Adam Mickiewicz University al. Niepodległości 4 Poznań, Poland

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Identifiers

DOI

10.14746/kr.2016.02.07

Biblioteka Nauki

1040284