Cities Towards Global Climate Governance: How the Practices of City Diplomacy Foster Hybrid Multilateralism

• Authors: Nikola Strachová

Title variants

PL

Miasta w kierunku globalnego zarządzania klimatem: jak praktyki dyplomacji miejskiej wspierają multilateralizm hybrydowy

Abstracts

PL

Jednym ze skutków globalizacji jest rosnąca liczba powiązań transnarodowych, w których rządy centralne nie tylko przestały je kontrolować, ale i w których przestały uczestniczyć. W związku z tym w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach miasta były coraz bardziej zmotywowane do reagowania na problemy międzynarodowe i inicjowania różnorodnych kontaktów z zagranicznymi ośrodkami gospodarczymi, kulturalnymi i politycznymi. W artykule przyjrzymy się praktykom dyplomacji miejskiej w świetle obecnego kryzysu klimatycznego. Chociaż miasta mogą być w konflikcie z rządem centralnym, realizują globalną agendę klimatyczną. Niemniej jednak powstaje pytanie, w jaki sposób umieścimy autonomiczne działania miast w agendzie globalnego zarządzania? Artykuł ma na celu ustalenie, czy ramy multilateralizmu hybrydowego są niszą dla miast, które mogą przejąć rolę rządu centralnego w obronie wspólnych globalnych wartości, takich jak ochrona środowiska, gdy nie robi tego państwo. Opierając się na zbiorze danych składających się z różnych lokalnych inicjatyw reagujących na zmiany klimatu, sugerujemy znaczny wzrost zobowiązań w zakresie zobowiązań międzynarodowych porozumień klimatycznych z udziałem wielu podmiotów na szczeblu niższym niż krajowy. Dzięki tym zobowiązaniom miasta przystępują do międzynarodowych negocjacji z różnymi partnerami w ramach hybrydowej architektury polityki. Miasta mają ogromny potencjał wpływania na globalną dyskusję na temat agendy zmian klimatycznych. Ponadto dochodzimy do wniosku, że miasta przejmują rolę państw w kwestiach globalnych, gdy stwierdzają nieadekwatność działań rządów centralnych. Konfliktowa pozycja zmusza je do prowadzenia autonomicznych działań i sprzyja nowemu zjawisku hybrydowego multilateralizmu.

EN

One of the effects of globalization is the increasing number of transnational ties that central governments not only ceased to control but also ceased to participate in; therefore, in recent decades, cities have been increasingly motivated to respond to international issues and initiate various contacts with foreign economic, cultural, and political centres. This article examines practices of city diplomacy in light of the current climate crisis. Albeit cities could be in conflict with their central government, they are executing the global climate agenda. Nonetheless, how do we frame cities’ autonomous activities in the global governance agenda? The article seeks to determine whether the framework of hybrid multilateralism is the niche for cities to assume the role of the central government in defending common global values such as preservation of the environment when the state fails to do so. Based on a dataset consisting of various subnational initiatives responding to climate change, we suggest a remarkable growth in the pledges to the international climate agreements’ commitments involving many subnational actors. Through these pledges, cities enter the international negotiations with various partners under hybrid policy architecture. Cities hold an enormous potential to influence the global conversation on climate change agenda. Furthermore, we conclude that cities are taking on the states’ role in global issues when they identify the inadequacy of the central governments’ action. Their conflict position forces them to carry out autonomous activities and fosters the new phenomenon of hybrid multilateralism.

Keywords

EN

hybrid multilateralism; city diplomacy; global governance; climate change

PL

multilateralizm hybrydowy; dyplomacja miejska; globalne zarządzanie; zmiana klimatu

• Publisher: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
• Journal: Przegląd Strategiczny
• Year: 2021
• Issue: 14
• Pages: 365-377

Dates

published

2021

Contributors

author

Nikola Strachová

• University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czech Republic

• https://orcid.org/0000000335013875

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Identifiers

DOI

10.14746/ps.2021.1.21

Biblioteka Nauki

2042398