EN
The paper shows the place of rational choice theory and game theory in the social sciences, and especially political science. Game theory is a mathematical theory, but its use belong to the realm of social sciences. The main limitation of the applicability of rational choice, the assumption of individual rationality in political science is met satisfactorily. Even simple models, like the prisoner’s dilemma, tragedy of the commons, chicken, game of coordination, allow for an explanation of relevant social and political phenomena. The game theory is derived, or has strong ties with her, a number of areas of contemporary research in political science as theories of coalitions, veto players theory, social choice theory. Game theory models allow for precise to describe political phenomena, but also to build causal explanations.