Parental Mediation of Digital Media Use Among Children Aged 3-8 from the Perspective of Parents’ Media Competence

• Authors: Pavel Izrael , Mária Karasová , Melissa M. Yang

Abstracts

EN

Based on an analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data collected in 2018 from the Žilina region in Slovakia, this paper intends to examine the relationship between parental mediation and parental digital media competence within households of children aged three to eight. Parent participants were recruited through schools that reflect the geographic representation of the entire region. In addition to 517 surveys, six onsite interviews with parents and observations of children interacting with digital media were collected. The research findings show that almost 50% of the children studied have access to tablets and laptops. The use of these digital devices increases with age. Qualitative data found that age and other contextual factors played a crucial role in the type of parental mediation implemented at home while quantitative data showed a significant positive correlation between parent’s digital media competence and parental mediation behaviors such as enabling mediation, technical mediation, and monitoring.

Keywords

EN

young children; early childhood; parental media competence; media practices; parental mediation; digital media

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
• Journal: The New Educational Review
• Year: 2020
• Volume: 60
• Pages: 27-38

Dates

published

2020

Contributors

author

Pavel Izrael

• Catholic University in Ružomberok

author

Mária Karasová

• Catholic University in Ružomberok

author

Melissa M. Yang

• Endicott College, Beverly, USA

References

• Austin, E.W. & Knaus, Ch. & Meneguelli, A. (1997). Who talks how to their kids about TV: A clarification of demographic correlates of parental mediation patterns. Communication Research Reports, 14, 418-430.
• Austin, E.W. & Fujioka. (2002). The relationship of Family Communication Patterns to parental mediation styles. Communication Research, 29(6), 642-665. doi: 10.1177/009365002237830
• Böcking, S. & Böcking, T. (2009). Parental mediation of television: Test of a German speaking scale and findings on the impact of parental attitudes, sociodemographic and family factors in German-speaking Switzerland. Journal of Children and Media, 3, 286-302.
• Cingel, D. & Krcmar, M. (2013). Predicting media use in very young children: the role of demographic and parent attitudes. Communication Studies, 64(4), 374-394.
• Clark, L.S. (2011). Parental mediation theory for the digital age. Communication Theory, 21, 323-343.
• Common Sense Media (2017). The Common Sense Census: Media Use by Kids Age Zero to Eight. Retrieved 12/04/2020, from https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/research/csm_zerotoeight_fullreport_release_2.pdf
• Eurostats (2020). Households - level of internet access. Retrieved 15/04/2020, from https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/
• Global Kids Online. Tools for researchers. Retrieved 12/04/2020, from globalkidsonline.net
• Hacek, J. (2012). Protection of Children Online - Software Security. In Horváth, M. (Eds.). Journalism, media, society 2. Bratislava: Stimul, 79.
• Haines, J., O’Brien, A., McDonald, J., Goldman, R.E., Evans Schmidt, M., Price, S., King, S., Sherry, B., & Taveras, E.M. (2013). Television viewing and televisions in bedrooms: Perceptions of racial/ethnic minority parents of young children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(6), 749-756.
• Holdoš, J. (2016). Type D Personality in the prediction of Internet addiction in the young adult population of Slovak Internet users. Current Psychology, 36(4), 861-868. doi:10.1007/s12144-016-9475-6
• Holloway, D., Green, L. & Carlie, L. (2014). ‘It’s all about the apps’: Parental mediation of pre-schoolers’ digital lives. Media International Australia, 153, 148-156.
• Karasová, M. (2017). Media literacy in the life of children aged 6-11 In Juszczyk, S. & Karasová, M. Analysis of media literacy education in children aged 6 - 11, Ružomberok: Verbum, 65-94.
• Livingstone, S. & Byrne, J. (2018). Parenting in the Digital Age. The Challenges of Parental Responsibility in Comparative Perspective. In Mascheroni, G. & Ponte, C. & Jorge, A. (Eds.) Digital Parenting. The Challenges for Families in the Digital Age. (pp. 19-30.). Göteborg: Nordicom.
• Livingstone, S. & Helsper, E. (2008). Parental mediation of children’s Internet use. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 52(4), 581-599.
• Livingstone, S., Ólafsson, K., Helsper, E.J., Folkvord, F., Villanuea, F.L., Veltri, G.A. (2017). Maximizing opportunities and minimizing risks for children online: The role of digital skills in emerging strategies of parental mediation. Journal of Communication, 67(1), 82-105. doi:10.1111/jcom.12277
• Mendoza, K. (2009). Surveying parental mediation: Connections, challenges and questions for media literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 1, 28-41.
• Mertens, S. & d’Haenans, L. (2014). Parental mediation of internet use and cultural values across Europe: Investigating the predictive power of the Hofstedian paradigm. Communication: The European Journal of Communication Research, 39(4), 389-414.
• Nikken, P. & Jansz, J. (2014). Developing scales to measure parental mediation of young children’s internet use. Learning, Media and Technology, 39, 250-266.
• Nikken, P. & Opree, S.J. (2018) Guiding young children’s digital media uSe: SES-differences in mediation concerns and competence. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27, 1844-1857.
• Ofcom. (2018). Children and parents: Media Use and Attitudes Report. Retrieved 12/04/2020 from https://www.ofcom.org.uk/research-and-data/media-literacy-research/childrens/ children-and-parents-media-use-and-attitudes-report-2018
• Valkenburg, M.P., Krcmar, M., Peeters, L.A. & Marseille, M.N. (1999). Developing a scale to assess three styles of television mediation: “Instructive mediation,” “restrictive mediation,” and “social coviewing”. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 43, 52-66.
• Warren, R. (2005). Parental mediation of children’s television viewing in low-income families. Journal of Communication, 55, 847-863.
• Zaman, B., Nouwen, M., Vanattenhoven, J., de Ferrerre, E. & Van Looy, J. (2016). A qualitative inquiry into the contextualized parental mediation practices of young children’s digital media use at home. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 60, 1-22.

Identifiers

DOI

10.15804/tner.20.60.2.02

Biblioteka Nauki

1963559