A Comparison of the Effects of Capital and Labour Taxes in CEE Countries

• Authors: Piotr Krajewski , Katarzyna Piłat

Title variants

PL

Porównanie skutków podatków nakładanych na kapitał i pracę w krajach Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej

Abstracts

PL

Cel artykułu stanowi porównanie oddziaływania podatków nakładanych na dochody z pracy i kapitału na gospodarki krajów Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej. Otrzymane funkcje reakcji na impulsy fiskalne pokazują, że podatki nakładane na dochody z kapitału wpływają na PKB w odmienny sposób niż podatki nakładane na dochody z pracy. Mimo że występuje pewna heterogeniczność pomiędzy analizowanymi krajami w sile i czasie trwania efektów zmian podatkowych, to wykonane symulacje generalnie ukazują, że negatywny wpływ zwiększenia stóp podatkowych na gospodarkę jest w przypadku podatków kapitałowych silniejszy niż w przypadku podatków nakładanych na wynagrodzenia. Co ważniejsze, negatywne skutki wyższego opodatkowania dochodów z kapitału mają charakter bardziej długotrwały niż w przypadku wzrostu opodatkowania dochodów z wynagrodzeń. Wynika to z faktu, że wyższe opodatkowanie kapitału silnie ogranicza poziom inwestycji i poziom pożądanego zasobu kapitału trwałego, co generuje długoterminowe negatywne skutki dla kształtowania się produkcji w analizowanych krajach.

EN

The aim of the article is to quantify and compare the impact of capital and labour tax on the economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The impulse‑response functions presented in the paper show that output reacts differently to changes in the taxation of labour and capital. Although there is some heterogeneity in the magnitude and persistence of tax effects between the analysed CEE countries, the simulations generally indicate that the negative impact of increased capital taxation on GDP is stronger than for labour taxation. More importantly, however, the negative effects of higher taxation on capital are more persistent than in the taxation of labour. This is largely because higher capital taxation strongly reduces savings and the desired stock of capital, which has important long‑term macroeconomic consequences.

Keywords

PL

podatki kapitałowe; podatki nakładane na dochody z pracy; kraje Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej

EN

capital tax; labour tax; CEE countries

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
• Journal: Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
• Year: 2022
• Volume: 25
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 27-42

Dates

published

2022

Contributors

author

Piotr Krajewski

• Associate Professor at the University of Lodz, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, Department of Macroeconomics

• https://orcid.org/0000000253779578

author

Katarzyna Piłat

• Assistant Professor at the University of Lodz, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, Department of Economic Mechanisms

• https://orcid.org/0000000293648863

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Identifiers

DOI

10.18778/1508-2008.25.20

Biblioteka Nauki

2106294