Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


Journal

2021 | 11 | 633-651

Article title

The Notion of "communis schola" in the Thought of Jean Gerson (1363–1429)

Authors

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
The article aims to analyze the meaning and the role of the notion of communis schola in the theological and ecclesiological thought of Jean Gerson (1363–1429), Chancellor of the University of Paris, schoolman influent in every intellectual debate of his time, and renowned spiritual advisor. Driven by a constant concern for the unity of the Church, Gerson is aware of the need to realize this unity first of all within the University environment, in order to avoid the circulation and the spread of heterodox or even heretical doctrines; his references to the concept of “common school”, in different textual contexts and with various shades of meaning, invest not only the doctrinal contents, but also the methodology, the moral attitudes, and the right theological models of the ideal master and of the ideal student of theology. The article also touches the way in which the Parisian chancellor deals with mysticism and mystical writers, using the concept of “common school” to define the borders and the terms in which it is possible to access the difficult and obscure field of the mystical theology.

Journal

Year

Volume

11

Pages

633-651

Physical description

Dates

published
2021

Contributors

  • Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Institute for Greek and Latin Studies, Czech Republic

References

  • Augustinus, De civitate Dei, ed. B. Dombart, A. Kalb, Turnholti 1955 [= Corpus christianorum, Series latina, 47–48].
  • Augustinus, De doctrina christiana, ed. I. Martin, Turnholti 1962 [= Corpus christianorum, Series latina, 32].
  • Augustinus, De vera religione, ed. I. Martin, Turnholti 1962 [= Corpus christianorum, Series latina, 32].
  • Bonaventura, Commentarius in Ecclesiasten, [in:] Bonaventura, Opera Omnia, vol. VI, Romae 1893.
  • Bonaventura, Commentarius in Evangelium Sancti Iohannis, [in:] Bonaventura, Opera omnia, vol. VI, Romae 1893.
  • Bonaventura, Commentarius in Evangelium Sancti Lucae, [in:] Bonaventura, Opera Omnia, vol. VII, Romae 1893.
  • Clemens V, Ad nostrum, [in:] Corpus Iuris Canonici, vol. I, ed. A. Richter, Romae 1955.
  • Dionysius Cartusianus, Enarratio in librum Deuteronomii, [in:] Dionysii Cartusiani Opera omnia, vol. II, [s.l.] 1897.
  • Hugo de Sancto Victore, De archa Noe, ed. P. Sicard, Turnholti 2001 [= Corpus christianorum, Continuatio mediaevalis, 176].
  • Innocentius III, Vergentis in senium, [in:] Corpus Iuris Canonici, vol. I, ed. A. Richter, Romae 1955.
  • Iohannes Gerson, À Barthélemy Clantier I, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. II, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1960.
  • Iohannes Gerson, À Barthélemy Clantier II, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. II, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1960.
  • Iohannes Gerson, À un frère mineur, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. II, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1960.
  • Iohannes Gerson, Contra curiositatem studentium, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. III, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1962.
  • Iohannes Gerson, Contre Jean de Monzon, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. X, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1973.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De directione cordis, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. VIII, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1971.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De distinctione verarum revelationum a falsis, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. III, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1962.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De examinatione doctrinarum, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. IX, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1973.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De modis significandi, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. IX, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1973.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De mystica theologia, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. III, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1962.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De oculo, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. VIII, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1971.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De sensu litterali sacrae scripturae, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. IX, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1973.
  • Iohannes Gerson, De vita spirituali animae, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. III, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1962.
  • Iohannes Gerson, Errores circa praeceptum: non occides, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. VIII, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1971.
  • Iohannes Gerson, Nova positio, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. VI, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1965.
  • Iohannes Gerson, Pro licentiandis in decretis, [in:] Jean Gerson, Oeuvres complètes, vol. V, ed. P. Glorieux, Paris 1963.
  • Iohannes Wycliff, Sermones, ed. J. Loserth, London 1887–1890.
  • Lucius III, Ad abolendam, [in:] Corpus Iuris Canonici, vol. I, ed. A. Richter, Romae 1955.
  • Thomas de Aquino, Summa theologiae, Romae 1894.
  • Aux marges de l’hérésie. Inventions, formes et usages polémiques de l’accusation d’hérésie au Moyen Âge, ed. F. Mercier, I. Rose, Rennes 2017.
  • Bianchi L., 1277: A Turning Point in Medieval Philosophy?, [in:] Was ist Philosophie im Mittelalter?, ed. J.A. Aertsen, A. Speer, Berlin–New York 1998 [= Miscellanea Mediaevalia, 26], p. 90–110.
  • Bianchi L., Censure et liberté intellectuelle à l’Université de Paris (XIIIe–XIVe siècles), Paris 1999.
  • Blumenfeld-Kosicki R., Jean Gerson and the Debate on the Roman de la Rose, [in:] A Companion to Jean Gerson, ed. B.P. McGuire, Leiden–Boston 2011 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 3], p. 317–356.
  • Bös G., Curiositas. Die Rezeption eines antiken Begriffes durch christliche Autoren bis Thomas von Aquin, Schöning 1995.
  • Burger C., Aedificatio, Fructus, Utilitas. Johannes Gerson als Professor der Theologie und Kanzler der Universität Paris, Tübingen 1986.
  • Combes A., Essai sur la critique de Ruysbroeck par Jean Gerson, vol. I, Paris 1945.
  • Combes A., La théologie mystique de Gerson: profil de son évolution, “Études philosophiques” 19.3, 1964, p. 444–545.
  • Congar Y., Theologians and the Magisterium in the West: from the Gregorian Reform to the Council of Trent, “Chicago Studies” 17, 1978, p. 210–224.
  • De Libera A., Philosophie et censure, [in:] Was ist Philosophie im Mittelalter?, ed. J.A. Aertsen, A. Speer, Berlin–New York 1998 [= Miscellanea Mediaevalia, 26], p. 71–89.
  • Fink K.A., Die konziliare Idee im späten Mittelalter, [in:] Die Entwicklung des Konziliarismus. Werden und nachwirken der Konziliaren Idee, ed. R. Baeumer, Darmstadt 1976, p. 275–294.
  • Gabriel A.L., The Ideal Master of the Medieval University, “Catholic Historical Review” 60.1, 1974, p. 1–40.
  • Glorieux P., L’enseignement universitaire de Gerson, “Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale” 23, 1956, p. 88–113.
  • Glorieux P., La vie et les oeuvres de Gerson. Essai chronologique, “Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du moyen-âge” 25–26, 1950–1951, p. 149–191.
  • Greven J., Die Anfänge der Beginen: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Volksfrömmigkeit und des Ordenswesens im Hochmittelalter, Münster 1912.
  • Greven J., Der Ursprung des Beginenwesens, “Historisches Jahrbuch” 35, 1914, p. 26–58.
  • Grosse S., Heilsungewißheit und Scrupulositas im späten Mittelalter. Studien zu Johannes Gerson und Gattungen der Frömmigkeitstheologie seiner Zeit, Tübingen 1994.
  • Grosse S., Johannes Gerson und Bonaventura: Kontinuität und Diskontinuität zwischen Hoch- und Späatmittelalter, [in:] Herbst des Mittelalters? Fragen zur Bewertung des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts, ed. J.A. Aertsen, M. Pickavé, Berlin–New York 2004 [= Miscellanea Mediaevalia, 31], p. 340–348.
  • Grundmann H., Ketzergeschichte des Mittelalters, Göttingen 1978.
  • Grundmann H., Religiöse Bewegungen im Mittelalter. Untersuchungen über die geschichtlichen Zusammenhänge zwischen der Ketzerei, den Bettelorden und der religiösen Frauenbewegung im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert und über die geschichtlichen Grundlagen der deutschen Mystik, Darmstadt 1961.
  • Gryson G., The Authority of the Teacher in the Ancient and Medieval Church, “Journal of Ecumenical Studies” 19.2, 1982, p. 176–187.
  • Hamburger J., Speculations on Speculation, [in:] Deutsche Mystik im abendländischen Zusammenhang, ed. W. Haug, W. Schneider-Lastin, Tübingen 2000, p. 353–408.
  • Hamesse J., Les Auctoritates Aristotelis. Un florilège médiéval. Étude historique et édition critique, Louvain 1974.
  • Hobbins D., Authorship and Publicity before Print. Jean Gerson and the Transformation of Late Medieval Learning, Philadelphia 2009 https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812202298
  • Hobbins D., Gerson on Lay Devotion, [in:] A Companion to Jean Gerson, ed. B.P. McGuire, Leiden–Boston 2011 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 3], p. 41–78.
  • Hobbins D., The Schoolman as Public Intellectual: Jean Gerson and the Late Medieval Tract, “American Historical Review” 108, 2003, p. 1308–1337 https://doi.org/10.1086/529968
  • Hoenen M.J.F.M., Categories of Medieval Doxography. Reflections on the Use of ‘Doctrina’ and ‘Via’ in the 14th and 15th Century Philosophical and Theological Sources, [in:] Vera Doctrina. Zur Begriffsgeschichte der Lehre von Augustinus bis Descartes – L’idée de doctrine d’Augustin à Descartes, ed. P. Büttgen, R. Imbach, U.J. Schneider, H.J. Selderhuis, Wiesbaden 2009, p. 63–84.
  • Hoenen M.J.F.M., Late Medieval Schools of Thought in the Mirror of University Textbooks. The ‘promptuarium argumentorum’ (Cologne 1482), [in:] Philosophy and Learning. Universities in the Middle Ages, ed. M.J.F.M. Hoenen, H.H.J. Schneider, J. Wieland, Leiden–New York–Boston 1995 [= Education and Society in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, 6], p. 329–369 https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004450684
  • Hoenen M.J.F.M., Translating Mystical Texts from Vernacular into Latin. Intentions and Strategies behind Laurentius Surius’ Translation of Ruusbroec’s Complete Works (Cologne 1552), [in:] Per perscrutationem philosophicam. Neue Perspektiven der mittelalterlichen Forschung. Loris Sturlese zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet, ed. A. Beccarisi, Hamburg 2008, p. 348–374.
  • Iribarren I., Curiositas, [in:] Mots médiévaux, ed. I. Atucha, D. Calma, C. König Pralong, I. Zavattero, Turnhout 2011, p. 199–209 https://doi.org/10.1484/M.TEMA-EB.4.00895
  • Iribarren I., Jean Gerson, Spiritual Adviser to the Celestines, [in:] Autorität und Wahrheit. Kirchliche Vorstellungen, Normen und Verfahren (13.–15. Jahrhundert), ed. G. Potestà, E. Müller-Luckner, München 2011, p. 159–178 https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110446753-012
  • Iribarren I., Le Paradis retrouvé: l’utopie linguistique de Jean Gerson, “Revue de l’histoire des religions” 231, 2014 (= Langue et autorité théologique à la fin du Moyen Âge, ed. I. Iribarren), p. 223–251, https://doi.org/10.4000/rhr.8247
  • Iribarren I., Question de style. Langage et méthode comme enjeux rhétoriques dans l’oeuvre de Jean Gerson, [in:] Langage et méthode. Réflexions historiques et historiographiques sur la pensée médiévale, ed. U. Zahnd, Freiburg im Breisgau 2017, p. 183–221.
  • Kaluza Z., La doctrine selon Jean Gerson, [in:] Vera Doctrina. Zur Begriffsgeschichte der Lehre von Augustinus bis Descartes – L’idée de doctrine d’Augustin à Descartes, ed. P. Büttgen, R. Imbach, U.J. Schneider, H.J. Selderhuis, Wiesbaden 2009, p. 115–140.
  • Kaluza Z., Les querelles doctrinales à Paris. Nominalistes et réalistes aux confins du XIV et du XV siècles, vol. II, Bergamo 1988.
  • Kluxen W., Institution und Ideengeschichte zur geschichtlichen Bedeutung der mittelalterlichen Universität, [in:] Philosophy and Learning. Universities in the Middle Ages, ed. M.J.F.M. Hoenen, H.H.J. Schneider, J. Wieland, Leiden–New York–Boston 1995 [= Education and Society in the Middle Ages and Renaissance, 6], p. 1–16.
  • König-Pralong C., Avènement de l’Aristotélisme en terre chrétienne. L’essence et la matière: entre Thomas d’Aquin et Guillaume d’Ockham, Paris 2005.
  • Matusevich Y., Le siècle d’or de la mystique française: un autre regard. Étude de la littérature spirituelle de Jean Gerson (1363–1429) à Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples (14507–1537), Paris 2004.
  • McDonnell E.W., The Beguines and the Beghards in Medieval Culture. With Special Emphasis on the Belgian Scene, New York 1969.
  • McGuire B.P., In Search of Jean Gerson: Chronology of his Life and Works, [in:] A Companion to Jean Gerson, ed. B.P. McGuire, Leiden–Boston 2011 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 3], p. 1–40.
  • McGuire B.P., Jean Gerson and the Last Medieval Reformation, University Park 2005.
  • McLoughlin N., Gerson as a Preacher between Mendicants and Secular Priests, [in:] A Companion to Jean Gerson, ed. B.P. McGuire, Leiden–Boston 2011 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 3], p. 249–253.
  • Ménache S., La naissance d’une nouvelle source d’autorité: l’Université de Paris, “Revue historique” 1982, p. 305–328.
  • Miethke J., Einheit als Aufgabe: Momente der Integration in der politischen Theorie der Scholastik, “Vorträge und Forschungen” 63, 2005, p. 241–272.
  • Oakley F., Gerson as Conciliarist, [in:] A Companion to Jean Gerson, ed. B.P. McGuire, Leiden–Boston 2011 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 3], p. 179–204.
  • Oberman H., Contra vanam curiositatem. Ein Kapitel der Theologie zwischen Seelenwinkel und Weltall, Zürich 1974.
  • Pascoe L.B., Jean Gerson: Principles of Church Reform, Leiden 1973 [= Studies in Medieval and Reformation Traditions, 7] https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004477179
  • Piron S., Le plan de l’évêque: pour une critique interne de la condamnation de 1277, “Recherches de théologie et philosophie médiévales” 78.2, 2011, p. 383–415.
  • Porro P., Tommaso d’Aquino. Un profilo storico-filosofico, Roma 2012.
  • Posthumus Meyjes G.H.M., Jean Gerson. Apostle of Unity: his Church Politics and Ecclesiology, Leiden–New York 1999.
  • Robiglio A., Aspetti della nozione di «communis doctrina» all’inizio del XIV secolo, [in:] Aspetti della nozione di «communis doctrina» all’inizio del XIV secolo / Durandus and Durandellus. The Dispute behind the Promotion of Thomist Authority, ed. A. Robiglio, I. Iribarren, Bern 2004, p. 5–14.
  • Schepers K., Introduction, [in:] Willem Jordaens – Jan van Ruusbroec, Ioannis Rusbrochii. De ornatu spiritualium nuptiarum. Wilhelmo Iordani interprete, ed. K. Schepers, Turnhout 2004 [= Corpus christianorum, Continuatio mediaevalis, 207].
  • Schlosser M., Bonaventure: Life and Works, [in:] A Companion to Bonaventure, ed. J.M. Hammond, J.A.W. Hellmann, J. Goff, Leiden–Boston 2014 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 48], p. 9–59.
  • Schönberger R., Scholastik, [in:] Lexikon des Mittelalters, vol. VII, ed. R.H. Bautier, R. Auty, München 1995, p. 1521–1526.
  • Schönberger R., Was ist Scholastik?, Hildesheim 1991.
  • Sère B., Les débats d’opinion à l’heure du Grand Schisme. Ecclésiologie et politique, Turnhout 2016.
  • Taber Jr. D., Pierre d’Ailly and the Teaching Authority of the Theologian, “Church History” 59.2, 1990, p. 163–174 https://doi.org/10.2307/3168309
  • Thijssen M.M.H., Censure and Heresy at the University of Paris, 1200–1400, Philadelphia 1998 https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812206722
  • Thijssen M.M.H., What Really Happened on 7 March 1277? Bishop Tempier’s Condemnation and its Institutional Context, [in:] Texts and Contexts in Ancient and Medieval Science. Studies on the Occasion of John E. Murdoch’s Seventieth Birthday, ed. E. Sylla, M. McVaugh, Leiden 1997 [= Brill’s Studies in Intellectual History, 78], p. 84–114 https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004247321_005
  • Torchia J., Restless Mind. Curiositas and the Scope of Inquiry in Augustine’s Psychology, Milwaukee 2013.
  • Tritsch W., Einführung in die Mystik. In Quellen und Zeugnissen, Augsburg 1990.
  • Vallière P., Conciliarism. A History of Decision-Making in the Church, Cambridge 2012 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139059459
  • Verdeyen P., Ruusbroec l’admirable, Paris 2004.
  • Vial M., Gerson’s Legacy, [in:] A Companion to Jean Gerson, ed. B.P. McGuire, Leiden–Boston 2011 [= Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition, 3], p. 357–400.
  • Vial M., Jean Gerson théoricien de la théologie mystique, Paris 2005.
  • Vial M., Théologie mystique et expérience chez Jean Gerson, “Revue de théologie et de philosophie” 142, 2010, p. 229–243.
  • Vial M., Théologie mystique et syndérèse chez Jean Gerson, [in:] Vers la contemplation. Études sur la syndérèse et les modalités de la contemplation de l’antiquité à la Renaissance, ed. C. Trottmann, Paris 2007, p. 215–232.
  • Von Moos P., Zwischen Babel und Pfingsten. Sprachdifferenzen und Geschprächverständigung in der Vormoderne (8–16 Jh.), Zürich–Berlin 2008.
  • Walz A., Thomas von Aquin. Lebensgang und Lebenswerk des Fürsten der Scholastik, Basel 1953.
  • Warnar G., Ruusbroec. Literature and Mysticism in the Fourteenth Century, Leiden 2007 [= Brill’s Studies in Intellectual History, 150] https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004158696.i-370
  • Wiseman J., Introduction, [in:] John Ruusbroec, The Spiritual Espousal and Other Works, praef. et trans. J. Wiseman, Mahwah 1985, p. 1–37.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
2027738

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_18778_2084-140X_11_33
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.