Ruch B Corp wobec wyzwań zrównoważonego rozwoju w dobie pandemii COVID-19 – wybrane polskie przykłady

• Authors: Ewa Jastrzębska

Title variants

EN

B Corp Movement in the Face of Challenges of Sustainable Development in the COVID-19 Pandemic. An Overview of Chosen Polish Cases

Abstracts

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to grave and unforeseen consequences, whether in healthcare, economies, or in the lives of societies. Its multidimensional adverse impact has, according to many experts, put the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at risk. Nevertheless, there is a deeply held conviction that the current crisis is creating an excellent opportunity, while designing a post-pandemic reality, of avoiding the pitfalls of the previous development model. The private sector has a key role to play as it is in a position to apply various concepts of how to act responsibly and build a sustainable economy. One of such concepts is the Benefit Corporation movement. The article seeks answers to the question of whether the B Corp idea is contributing to realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those affected by the pandemic. The author offers both a theoretical (assessment of the movement and its foundations) and empirical view (analysis of chosen Polish B Corp-certified companies). This goal is to be achieved by employed research methods: a critical analysis of the literature on the subject and case studies. The author’s analyses reveal that the foundations of the B Corp movement are aligned with the sustainable development concept, and that Poland-based B Corps are contributing to the implementation of those SDGs that are particularly relevant in the time of the pandemic.

PL

Pandemia COVID-19 wywołała bezprecedensowe konsekwencje – począwszy od służby zdrowia, poprzez gospodarkę, aż do życia społeczeństw. Jej wielowymiarowy negatywny wpływ sprawił, że zdaniem wielu ekspertów pod znakiem zapytania stanęła realizacja Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju ONZ (SDGs). Panuje jednak coraz powszechniejsze przekonanie, że obecny kryzys to doskonała okazja, by projektując popandemiczną rzeczywistość, nie powielać błędów wcześniejszego modelu rozwoju. Kluczową rolę w tym zakresie powinien odegrać biznes, który ma do swojej dyspozycji różnorodne koncepcje, pokazujące jak odpowiedzialnie działać na rzecz otoczenia i budować zrównoważoną gospodarkę. Jedną z takich koncepcji jest ruch B Corporation. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy ruch B Corp przyczynia się do realizacji SDGs, szczególnie dotkniętych negatywnym wpływem pandemii, zarówno z punktu widzenia teorii (ocena założeń ruchu), jak i empirii (analiza wybranych polskich przykładów firm z certyfikatem B Corp). Tak postawionemu celowi podporządkowane zostały metody badawcze – krytyczna analiza literatury przedmiotu oraz studia przypadku. Przeprowadzone analizy pozwoliły stwierdzić, że założenia ruchu B Corp są zgodne z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju, a B Corps w Polsce przyczyniają się do wdrażania tych SDGs, które są szczególnie ważne w dobie pandemii.

Keywords

PL

rozwój zrównoważony; Cele Zrównoważonego Rozwoju ONZ; SDGs; COVID-19; biznes; B Corporation; B Corp

EN

sustainable development; UN Sustainable Development Goals; SDGs; COVID-19; business; B Corporation; B Corp

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
• Journal: Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
• Year: 2021
• Volume: 19
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 63-75

Dates

published

2021

Contributors

author

Ewa Jastrzębska

• Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społeczne, Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie,

• https://orcid.org/0000000200296943

References

• Amante, Angelo, and Crispian Balmer. 2020. “Why has Italy suffered so badly during the pandemic?” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/12/italy-death-toll-pandemic-covid-coronavirus-health-population-europe/.
• B Lab. 2021a. “A Global Community of Leaders.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://bcorporation.net/.
• B Lab. 2021b. “About B Corps.” Accessed March 5, 2021. https://bcorporation.net/about-b-corps.
• B Lab. 2021c. “B Impact Report. Pixellu.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://bcorporation.net/directory/pixellu.
• B Lab. 2021d. “Certification.” Accessed March 5, 2021. https://bcorporation.net/certification.
• B Lab. 2021e. “Certification Requirements.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://bcorporation.net/certification/meet-the-requirements.
• B Lab. 2021f. “Legal Requirements.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://bcorporation.net/certification/legal-requirements.
• B Lab. 2021g. “The B Impact Assessment.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://bimpactassessment.net/?_ga=2.192882665.29009165.1615370151-1263816775.1614939266.
• B Lab. 2021h. “Welcome Guide.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://pardot.bcorporation.net/b-corp-welcome-guide?_ga=2.180244199.29009165.1615370151-1263816775.1614939266.
• B Market Explorer Poland. 2021. “B Corpy w Polsce.” Dostęp 9.03.2021. https://bcorp.pl/polskie-b-corpy/.
• Bremmer, Ian. 2021. “The Best Global Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic, 1 Year Later.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://time.com/5851633/best-global-responses-covid-19/.
• CCSA. 2020. “How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ccsa/documents/covid19-report-ccsa.pdf.
• Chriscaden, Kimberly. 2020. “Impact of COVID-19 on people's livelihoods, their health and our food systems. Joint statement by ILO, FAO, IFAD and WHO.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.who.int/news/item/13-10-2020-impact-of-covid-19-on-people's-livelihoods-their-health-and-our-food-systems.
• Copenhagen Economics. 2020. “Economic consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.copenhageneconomics.com/dyn/resources/Publication/publicationPDF/0/530/1585835646/copenhagen-economics_economic-consequences-covid-19.pdf.
• Crane, Andrew, Matten, Dirk, and Jeremy Moon. 2008. “The Emergence of Corporate Citizenship: Historical Development and Alternative Perspectives.” In Handbook of Research on Corporate Citizenship, edited by Andreas Georg Scherer and Guido Palazzo, 25-49. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishers.
• de Castro Sobrosa Neto, Ruy, Janayna Sobrosa Maia, Samara de Silva Neiva, Michael Dillon Scalia, and Jose Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra. 2020. “The fourth industrial revolution and the coronavirus: a new era catalyzed by a virus.” Research in Globalization 2: 100024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2020.100024.
• Deloitte. 2020. „Aż 91 proc. członków kadry kierowniczej odczuwa wpływ zmian klimatu na funkcjonowanie ich biznesu.” Dostęp 9.03.2021. https://www2.deloitte.com/pl/pl/pages/press-releases/articles/biznes-a-zmiany-klimatu.html.
• ECDC. 2021. “Risk Assessment: Risk related to the spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the EU/EEA – first update.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/covid-19-risk-assessment-spread-new-variants-concern-eueea-first-update.
• Edelman. 2021. “Edelman Trust Barometer 2021. Global Report.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.edelman.com/sites/g/files/aatuss191/files/2021-01/2021-edelman-trust-barometer.pdf.
• EIGE. 2021. “The Covid-19 pandemic and intimate partner violence against women in the EU.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://eige.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/20210224_mhna30566enn_pdf.pdf.
• Elkington, John. 1997. Cannibals with Forks: Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business. Oxford: Capstone Publishing Limited.
• FAO. 2020. “The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.fao.org/3/ca9692en/ca9692en.pdf.
• Georgieva, Kristalina. 2020. “A Global Crisis Like No Other Needs a Global Response Like No Other.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://blogs.imf.org/2020/04/20/a-global-crisis-like-no-other-needs-a-global-response-like-no-other/.
• Graves, Ginny. 2021. “What Is Post-COVID Syndrome? Doctors Explain Why It Causes Extreme Symptoms in Long-Haulers.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.prevention.com/health/a35218558/what-is-post-covid-syndrome/.
• Green Recovery Alliance. 2020. “REBOOT & REBOOST our economies for a sustainable future. Call for mobilization.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1j54QxE-QjhrEHjGb5LrKsHuDAKvv8LUq/view.
• Hiscott, John, Magdalini Alexandridi, Michela Muscolini, Evelyne Tassone, Enrico Palermo, Maria Soultsioti, and Alessandra Zevini. 2020. “The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic.” Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 53: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.010.
• Hopwood, Bill, Mary Mellor, and Geoff O’Brien. 2005. “Sustainable Development: Mapping Different Approaches”. Sustainable Development 13: 38-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.244.
• IMF. 2020. “World Economic Outlook. The Great Lockdown.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WEO/2020/April/English/text.ashx.
• IPCC. 2018. “Global Warming of 1,5°C. Special report.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.ipcc.ch/sr15/.
• Kampania 17 Celów. 2019. „Certyfikacja B Corp. Forum Inspiracji, Warszawa 17 maja 2019 r.” Dostęp 9.03.2021. https://kampania17celow.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Certyfikacja-B-Corp-Benefit-Systems-Forum-Inspiracji-2019.pdf.
• Kantar, GfK. 2019. “Who cares, who does? Consumer response to plastic waste.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://bioplasticsnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Kantar-Who-Cares-Who-Does-Sept2019.pdf.
• Koprowska, Joanna. 2020. „Czas próby dla kobiet. Raport: kobiety w biznesie.” ICAN Management Review Polska 6. Dostęp 9.03.2021. www.ican.pl/a/czas-proby-dla-kobiet/DkNyuYcne.
• Kramer, Mark R., and Michael E. Porter. 2011. „Tworzenie wartości dla biznesu i społeczeństwa.” Harvard Business Review Polska 99: 36-57.
• Laloux, Frederic. 2015. Pracować inaczej. Nowatorski model organizacji inspirowany kolejnym etapem rozwoju ludzkiej świadomości. Warszawa: Studio EMKA.
• Lélé, Sharachchandra M.. 1991. “Sustainable Development. A Critical Review.” World Development 19(6): 607-621.
• Mensah, Justice, and Sandra Ricart Casadevall (Reviewing editor). 2019. “Sustainable development: Meaning, history, principles, pillars, and implications for human action: Literature review.” Cogent Social Sciences 5: 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1653531.
• Ministerstwo Zdrowia. 2020. „Pierwszy przypadek koronawirusa w Polsce.” Dostęp 9.03.2021. www.gov.pl/web/zdrowie/pierwszy-przypadek-koronawirusa-w-polsce.
• Mordecai, Mara, and Shannon Schumacher. 2020. “In many countries, people are more negative about the economy amid COVID-19 than during Great Recession.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/09/14/in-many-countries-people-are-more-negative-about-the-economy-amid-covid-19-than-during-great-recession/.
• Netguru. 2021. “Netguru Team.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.netguru.com/about-us/team-netguru.
• OECD. 2020. “Release of the June 2020 Economic Outlook: Revamping the international policy architecture to emerge from the pandemic stronger together.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.oecd.org/about/secretary-general/release-of-the-june-2020-economic-outlook.htm.
• ONZ. 1972. “Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.” Stockholm.
• ONZ. 1992. “United Nations Conference on Environment & Development, Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992. AGENDA 21.”
• ONZ. 2015. „Rezolucja przyjęta przez Zgromadzenie Ogólne w dniu 25 września 2015 r. Przekształcamy nasz świat: Agenda na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju 2030.” Dostęp 9.03.2021. www.unic.un.org.pl/files/164/Agenda%202030_pl_2016_ostateczna.pdf.
• Panchal, Nirmita, Rabah Kamal, Cynthia Cox, and Rachel Garfield. 2021. “The Implications of COVID-19 for Mental Health and Substance Use.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/the-implications-of-covid-19-for-mental-health-and-substance-use/.
• Patrick, Stewart M. 2020. “Another Victim of COVID-19: Sustainable Development.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/28732/another-victim-of-covid-19-sustainable-development.
• PKN. 2012. Norma PN-ISO26000. Wytyczne dotyczące społecznej odpowiedzialności. Warszawa: PKN.
• Reilly, John M., Y.-H. Henry Chen, and Henry D. Jacoby. 2021. “The COVID-19 effect on the Paris agreement.” Humanities and Social Sciences Communication 8(16). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-00698-2.
• Sachs, Jeffrey, Guido Schmidt-Traub, Christian Kroll, Guillaume Lafortune, Grayson Fuller, and Finn Woelm. 2020. “The Sustainable Development Goals and COVID-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Accessed March 9, 2021. https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf.
• The GlobeScan-SustainAbility Survey. 2019. “The 2019 Sustainability Leaders.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://globescan.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/GlobeScan-SustainAbility-Leaders-Survey-2019-Report.pdf.
• The GlobeScan-SustainAbility Survey. 2020. “The 2020 Sustainability Leaders.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.sustainability.com/contentassets/b298c9248bd14c03951e8801a6880436/gss-leaders-report-2020.pdf.
• The Lancet. 2021. “Climate and COVID-19: converging crises.” The Lancet 397(10269): 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32579-4.
• The World Bank. 2021. “Understanding the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic through data.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://datatopics.worldbank.org/universal-health-coverage/coronavirus/.
• UNDESA. 2020a. “UN/DESA Policy Brief #81: Impact of COVID-19 on SDG progress: a statistical perspective.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/un-desa-policy-brief-81-impact-of-covid-19-on-sdg-progress-a-statistical-perspective/.
• UNDESA. 2020b. “World Economic Situation And Prospects: April 2020 Briefing, No. 136.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situation-and-prospects-april-2020-briefing-no-136/.
• UNDP. 2020. “Brief #2: Putting the UN Framework for Socio-Economic Response to COVID-19 into Action: Insights.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/covid19/Brief2-COVID-19-final-June2020.pdf.
• UNDP. 2021. “COVID-19 and the SDGs. How the ‘roadmap for humanity’ could be changed by a pandemic.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://feature.undp.org/covid-19-and-the-sdgs/.
• UNGC. 2013. “Corporate Sustainability and the United Nations Post-2015 Development Agenda.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://d306pr3pise04h.cloudfront.net/docs/news_events%2F9.1_news_archives%2F2013_06_18%2FUNGC_Post2015_Report.pdf.
• UNIDO. 2020a. “Coronavirus: the economic impact – 26 May 2020.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.unido.org/stories/coronavirus-economic-impact-26-may-2020.
• UNIDO. 2020b. “Coronavirus: the economic impact – 21 October 2020.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.unido.org/stories/coronavirus-economic-impact-21-october-2020.
• UNSDG. 2020. “Shared responsibility, global solidarity: responding to the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-03/SG-Report-Socio-Economic-Impact-of-Covid19.pdf.
• WCED. 1987. “Our Common Future.” Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
• WHO. 2020a. “SARS-CoV-2 mink-associated variant strain – Denmark.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.who.int/csr/don/06-november-2020-mink-associated-sars-cov2-denmark/en/.
• WHO. 2020b. “WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 – 11 March 2020.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020.
• WHO. 2021a. “Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
• WHO. 2021b. “WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard.” Accessed March 9, 2021. https://covid19.who.int/.
• Yunus, Muhammad. 2020. „Nie planujmy odtwarzania gospodarki po koronawirusie. Zaprojektujmy ją od nowa.” Odpowiedzialny biznes. Kompendium CSR edycja 22.
• Zimmer, Katarina. 2021. “COVID-19’s Effects on the Brain.” Accessed March 9, 2021. www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/covid-19s-effects-on-the-brain-68369.

Identifiers

DOI

10.21697/seb.2021.19.2.06

Biblioteka Nauki

1815524