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2015 | 15 | 5 | 651-660

Article title

Selected factors affecting decisions undertaken under risky circumstances

Content

Title variants

PL
Wybrane czynniki kształtujące decyzje podejmowane w warunkach ryzyka

Languages of publication

Abstracts

PL
Przy podejmowaniu decyzji o dobrowolnym ubezpieczeniu lub o udziale w loterii, ludzie powinni wziąć pod uwagę możliwe stany natury i prawdopodobieństwo ich wystąpienia. Ekonomia klasyczna zakłada, że decyzje osób podejmujących decyzje w warunkach ryzyka są zgodne z teorią użyteczności. Jednak teorie oparte na zachowaniach ludzi (w szczególności teoria perspektywy) mówią, że proces podejmowania decyzji wiąże się anomaliami wynikającymi z postrzegania rzeczywistości, np efekt znaku, efekt orzeszków ziemnych i innych. Badanie ma na celu sprawdzenie wpływu wybranych czynników na decyzje podejmowane przez ludzi w warunkach zysków i strat. Cel ten został osiągnięty przy pomocy przeprowadzanych kolejnych eksperymentów. Wpływ czynników takich jak kwoty wygranej/przegranej, prawdopodobieństwo wygranej/przegranej na podejmowane decyzje weryfikowano na próbie ponad 600 osób. Wyniki wskazują, że założenia przyjęte w ekonomii klasycznej nie zawsze są spełnione. W przeprowadzonych eksperymentach stosunek do ryzyka zmieniał się w zależności od wysokości zakładu (przy niższych wartościach zakładów występowała tendencja do działań bezpiecznych), prawdopodobieństwa wygranej, punktu odniesienia oraz tego czy wyniki gier były przedstawione jako zyski lub straty.
EN
When making decisions about voluntary insurance or about taking part in a lottery, people should consider possible states of nature and a probability of their occurrence. Classical economics assumes that decisions of people acting in risky circumstances are compliant with the expected utility hypothesis. However theories based on human behaviour (in particular the cumulative prospect theory) claim that the process of decision making involves anomalies resulting from perception of reality e.g. the sign effect, peanuts effect and others.  The paper aims to verify the impact of selected factors on decisions made by people in circumstances of profits and losses. This aim was achieved by means of consecutive experiments carried out. Factors like the amount of win/loss, the probability of winning/losing were examined on the sample of over 600 people and decisions taken by them.  The results indicate that assumptions made by classical economics are not always met. In the experiments conducted, the attitude towards risks was affected by the amount of bet (with lower values there was a tendency to act safely), the probability of winning, a reference point and whether results of gaming were described as profits or losses.

Year

Volume

15

Issue

5

Pages

651-660

Physical description

Dates

published
2015

Contributors

  • Wroclaw School of Banking
  • Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu

References

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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
57418710

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_29015_cerem_195
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