Clichés and pragmatemes

• Authors: Igor Mel’čuk

Title variants

FR

Clichés and pragmatemes

• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

FR

In order to properly classify the phraseme (that is, a constrained, or non-free, expression) No parking, a universal typology of lexical phrasemes is proposed. It is based on the following two parameters:• The nature of constraints- Lexemic phrasemes: the expression is constrained with respect to freely constructed meaning.-  Semantic-lexemic phrasemes: the expression is constrained/non-constrained with respect to the meaning constrained by the conceptual representation.-  Pragmatemes: the expression is constrained with respect to pragmatic conditions, that is, to the extralinguistic situation of its use (in a letter, on a street sign, on a package of perishable food).• The compositionalityThe expression can/cannot be represented as regular “sum” of its components.As a result, we have, firstly, the following major classes of lexical phrasemes:1)  Non-compositional lexemic phrasemes: idioms (˹cold feet˺, ˹shoot the breeze˺)2)  Compositional lexemic phrasemes: collocations (rain heavily, pay a visit)3)  Non-compositional semantic-lexemic phrasemes: nominemes (Big Dipper, New South Wales)4)  Compositional semantic-lexemic phrasemes: clichés (See you tomorrow! | Absence makes the heart grow fonder.)For clichés, the least-studied class of phrasemes, a more detailed classification is proposed (as a function of the type of their denotation). Secondly, each phraseme (except a nomineme) and each lexemes can be pragmatically constrained, i.e. a pragmateme: ˹Fall out!˺ (idiom; a military command) | Take aim! (collocation; a military command) | Emphasis mine/added (cliché; in a printed text) | Rest! (lexeme; a military command).

Keywords

EN

phrasemes; lexical phrasemes; idioms; collocations; semantic-lexical phrasemes; nominemes; clichés; pragmatemes

• Publisher: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
• Journal: Neophilologica
• Year: 2020
• Volume: 32
• Pages: 9-20

Dates

published

2020-12-20

Contributors

author

Igor Mel’čuk

• University of Montreal

Identifiers

DOI

10.31261/NEO.2020.32.01