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Partycypacja polityczna Tatarów Krymskich – rdzennej ludności Ukrainy (1989‑2022): specyfika rozwoju i funkcjonowania
Languages of publication
Abstracts
W artykule zaprezentowano analizę rozwoju partycypacji politycznej Tatarów Krymskich, rdzennej ludności Ukrainy, oraz specyfikę jej funkcjonowania w latach 1989‑ 2022. Autorka dzieli ten proces na trzy warunkowe etapy: odrodzenie ruchu Tatarów Krymskich (koniec 1989‑ 1991); Tatarzy Krymscy w krajobrazie politycznym niepodległej Ukrainy (1991‑ 2014); partycypacja polityczna Tatarów Krymskich w kontekście aneksji Autonomicznej Republiki Krymu przez Rosję i wojny rosyjsko‑ukraińskiej (2014‑ 2022). Autorka przedstawia zarys odrodzenia ruchu krymskotatarskiego na przełomie lat 80. i 90. XX w., wówczas Tatarzy Krymscy masowo opowiadali się za repatriacją i stworzyli własny organ przedstawicielski – Medżlis. Następnie podkreślono proces kształtowania się stosunków między Tatarami Krymskimi a władzami ukraińskimi w latach 1991‑ 2014. Nacisk położono również na główne cechy politycznego uczestnictwa Tatarów Krymskich w latach 2014‑ 2022, w kontekście aneksji ARK i przed inwazją FR na Ukrainę na pełną skalę. Należy zauważyć, że w tym okresie rdzenni mieszkańcy stanęli w obliczu nowego zagrożenia dla ich istnienia – represyjnej polityki władz okupacyjnych. Podsumowując, autorka stwierdza, że proces rozwoju partycypacji politycznej Tatarów Krymskich – rdzennej ludności Ukrainy w latach 1989‑ 2022 był dość złożony i niejednoznaczny, charakteryzujący się etapami wzrostu i spadku. W szczególności autorka podkreśla, że najważniejszym zwycięstwem rdzennej ludności było przyjęcie ustawy Ukrainy O rdzennej ludności Ukrainy w 2021 r. Jednak należy zauważyć, że przyjęcie tej ustawy jest tylko jednym z kroków w budowaniu dalszych relacji politycznych i prawnych między Ukrainą a ludnością rdzenną.
The article examines the development of political participation of the Crimean Tatars, an indigenous people of Ukraine, and the peculiarities of its functioning in 1989‑‑ 2022. The author divides this process into three conditional stages: the revival of the Crimean Tatar movement (late 1989‑ 1991); Crimean Tatars in the political landscape of independent Ukraine (1991‑2014); political participation of Crimean Tatars in the context of the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Russian‑ Ukrainian war (2014‑ 2022). The author describes in detail the revival of the Crimean Tatar movement in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when Crimean Tatars massively advocated for repatriation and created their own representative body, the Mejlis. Next, the process of formation of relations between the Crimean Tatars and the Ukrainian authorities in 1991‑ 2014 is highlighted. The emphasis is also placed on the main features of the political participation of the Crimean Tatars in 2014‑ 2022, in the context of the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and before the full‑ scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. It is noted that during this period, the indigenous people faced a new threat to their existence – the repressive policy of the occupation authorities. In conclusion, the author concludes that the process of development of political participation of the Crimean Tatar indigenous people of Ukraine in 1989‑2022 was quite complex and ambiguous, characterized by stages of growth and decline. In particular, the author emphasizes that the most important victory for the indigenous people was the adoption of the Law of Ukraine „On Indigenous Peoples of Ukraine” in 2021. However, as the author notes, the adoption of this law is only one of the steps in building further political and legal relations between Ukraine and indigenous peoples.
Keywords
Journal
Year
Volume
Pages
87-106
Physical description
Dates
published
2024
Contributors
author
- Katedra Nauk Politycznych, Narodowy Uniwersytet Przykarpacki im. Wasyla Stefanyka w Iwanofrankowsku
References
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Document Type
Publication order reference
Identifiers
Biblioteka Nauki
63513349
YADDA identifier
bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_4467_20827695WSC_24_007_20622
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