Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2023 | 12 | 1 | 245-263

Article title

When Distrust Meets Hope: Georgian Migrant Women in Greece

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
For many women situated in post-socialist countries, the end of communism entailed the loss of state protection and social security. This often resulted in migration, underpinned by the hope for a better future and facilitated by trust in social networks. Trust and hope are often highlighted in the social-science literature as being indispensable means for navigating migration. What this perspective lacks, however, is an eye for the detrimental effects of the work of hope and for the beneficial effects of the work of distrust. For it can be hope that relates a subject to its exploiter and/or exploitative circumstances and it can be distrust that provides an escape route and increases agency. This article considers the illusive dimension of hope and the mobilising effect of distrust by referring to the experiences of Georgian migrant women in Thessaloniki (Greece). It shows how hope occasionally emanates out of distrust and how the combination of the two allows for new perspectives of action.

Keywords

EN

Year

Volume

12

Issue

1

Pages

245-263

Physical description

Dates

published
2023

Contributors

  • Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria
  • Ilia State University, Georgia

References

  • Alpes M.J. (2017). Why Aspiring Migrants Trust Migration Brokers: The Moral Economy of Departure in Anglophone Cameroon. Africa 87(2): 304–321.
  • Ashwin S. (2000). Introduction, in: S. Ashwin (ed.), Gender, State and Society in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia, pp. 1–29. London: Routledge.
  • Barkaia M. (2018). The Country of The Happiest Women: Ideology and Gender in Soviet Georgia, in: M. Barkaia, A. Waterstone (eds), Gender in Georgia. Feminist Perspectives on Culture, Nation and History in The South Caucasus, pp. 33–47. Oxford and New York: Berghahn.
  • Bilgic A. (2013). Rethinking Security in the Age of Migration: Trust and Emancipation in Europe. London: Routledge.
  • Bloch E. (1996). The Principle of Hope. Vol. 1. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Bryant R., Knight D.M. (2019). The Anthropology of the Future. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carey M. (2017). Mistrust: An Ethnographic Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Crapanzano V. (2003). Reflections on Hope as a Category of Social and Psychological Analysis. Cultural Anthropology 18(1): 3–32.
  • Crapanzano V. (2004). Imaginative Horizons: An Essay in Literary-Philosophical Anthropology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Daniel E.V., Knudsen J.C. (1995). Introduction, in: E.V. Daniel, J.C. Knudsen (eds), Mistrusting Refugees, pp. 1–12. Berkley: University of California Press.
  • Da Silva Rebelo M.J., Fernández M., Meneses C. (2020). Societies’ Hostility, Anger and Mistrust towards Migrants: A Vicious Circle. Journal of Social Work 21(5): 1142–1162.
  • Fedyuk O. (2011). Beyond Motherhood: Ukrainian Female Labor Migration to Italy. Budapest: Central European Uuniversity, unpublished PhD thesis.
  • Flores-Yeffal N.Y. (2013). Migration-Trust Networks: Social Cohesion in Mexican US-Bound Emigration. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
  • Fukuyama F. (1995). Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. London: Hamish Hamilton.
  • Gambetta D. (ed.) (1988). Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations. London: Basil Blackwell.
  • Gaibazzi P. (2014). Home as Transit: Would-be Migrants and Immobility in Gambia, in: J. Streiff-Fénart, A. Segatti (eds), The Challenge of the Threshold: Border Closures and Migration Movements in Africa, pp. 163–176. Lanham: Lexington Books.
  • Guarnizo L.E., Sánchez A.I., Roach E.M. (1999). Mistrust, Fragmented Solidarity, and Transnational Migration: Colombians in New York City and Los Angeles. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22(2): 367–396.
  • Hage G. (2003). Against Paranoid Nationalism: Searching for Hope in a Shrinking Society. Annandale, Australia: Pluto/Merlin.
  • Hernandez-Carretero M. (2017). Hope and Uncertainty in Senegalese Migration to Spain: Taking Chances on Emigration but Not Upon Return, in: N. Kleist, D. Thorsen (eds), Hope and Uncertainty in Contemporary African Migration, pp. 113–133. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Hofmann E. (2012). ‘Today Everything is Backwards’: Gender Ideology and Labor Migration in the Republic of Georgia. Austin: University of Texas Press, unpublished PhD thesis.
  • Humphrey C. (ed.) (2018). Trust and Mistrust in the Economies of the China–Russia Borderlands. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
  • Jansen S. (2015). Yearnings in the Meantime: ‘Normal Lives’ and the State in a Sarajevo Apartment Complex. Oxford and New York: Berghahn.
  • Jansen S. (2021). The Anthropology of Hope. Oxford Research Encyclopaedia Anthropology. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190854584.013.182 (accessed 29 July 2022).
  • Kallio K.P., Meier I., Häkli J. (2021). Radical Hope in Asylum Seeking: Political Agency Beyond Linear Temporality. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47(17): 4006–4022.
  • Kleist N. (2017). Introduction. Studying Hope and Uncertainty in African Migration, in: N. Kleist, D. Thorsen (eds), Hope and Uncertainty in Contemporary African Migration, pp. 1–20. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Kleist N., Thorsen D. (eds) (2017). Hope and Uncertainty in Contemporary African Migration. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Korzeniewska L., Bivand Erdal M., Kosakowska-Berezecka N., Żadkowska M. (2019). Trust Across Borders: A Review of Literature on Trust, Migration and Child Welfare Services. Gdansk: University of Gdansk.
  • Lear J. (2008). Radical Hope: Ethics in the Face of Cultural Devastation. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Lenette C. (2013). Mistrust and Refugee Women Who are Lone Parents in Resettlement Contexts. Qualitative Social Work 14(1): 119–134.
  • Lianos T.P., Pseiridis A. (2014). I Trust, Therefore I Remit? An Examination of the Size and Motivation of Remittances. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 40(4): 528–543.
  • Liisberg S., Pedersen E.O., Dalsgård A.L. (eds) (2015). Anthropology and Philosophy: Dialogues on Trust and Hope. Oxford and New York: Berghahn.
  • Lucht H. (2017). Death of a Gin Salesman: Hope and Despair among Ghanaian Migrants and Deportees Stranded in Niger, in: N. Kleist, D. Thorsen (eds), Hope and Uncertainty in Contemporary African Migration, pp. 154–172. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Luhmann N. (2014 [1968]). Vertrauen. Konstanz: UVK.
  • Lundkvist-Houndoumadi M. (2010). Treading on the Fine Line Between Self-Sacrifice and Immorality: Narratives of Emigrated Georgian Women. Transcience Journal 1(2): 50–71.
  • Marková I. (ed.) (2004). Trust and Democratic Transition in Post-Communist Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Maroufof M. (2015). Irregular Georgian Migration to Greece: The Role of Migration Policies and Social Networks. Case study: Migration System 2, in IRMA Research Project, deliverable 7.1. (migrationresearch.com) (accessed 29 July 2022).
  • Michail D., Christou A. (2016). East European Migrant Women in Greece: Intergenerational Cultural Knowledge Transfer and Adaptation in a Context of Crisis. Südosteuropa 64(1): 58–78.
  • Miyazaki H. (2003). The Temporalities of the Market. American Anthropologist 105(2): 255–265.
  • Miyazaki H. (2004). The Method of Hope: Anthropology, Philosophy and Fijian Knowledge. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
  • Mühlfried F. (2018). Introduction, in: F. Mühlfried (ed.), Mistrust: Ethnographic Approximations, pp. 7–22. Bielefeld: transcript.
  • Mühlfried F. (2019). Mistrust: A Global Perspective. Basingstoke: Palgrave Pivot.
  • Murphy W.P. (2016). Kinship Tropes as Critique of Patronage in Postwar Sierra Leone, in: C.K. Højbjerg, J. Knörr, W.P. Murphy (eds), Politics and Policies in Upper Guinea Coast Societies: Change and Continuity, pp. 99–122. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Narotzky S., Besnier N. (2014). Crisis, Value, and Hope: Rethinking the Economy. Current Anthropology 55(S9): 4–16.
  • Parla A. (2019). Precarious Hope. Redwood City CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Pedersen E.O. (2015). An Outline of Interpersonal Trust and Distrust, in: S. Liisberg, E.O. Pedersen, A.L. Dalsgård (eds), Anthropology and Philosophy: Dialogues on Trust and Hope, pp. 104–117. Oxford and New York: Berghahn.
  • Pedersen E.O. Liisberg S. (2015). Introduction. Trust and Hope, in: S. Liisberg, E.O. Pedersen, A.L. Dalsgård (eds), Anthropology and Philosophy: Dialogues on Trust and Hope, pp. 1–22. Oxford and New York: Berghahn.
  • Pine F. (1995). Kinship, Work and the State in Post-Socialist Rural Poland. Cambridge Anthropology 18(2): 47–58.
  • Pine F. (2014). Migration as Hope. Current Anthropology 55(9): 95–104.
  • Psimmenos I. (2017). The Social Setting of Female Migrant Domestic Workers. Journal of Modern Greek Studies 35(1): 43–66.
  • Raffnsøe S. (2015). Empowering Trust in the New: Trust and Power as Capacities, in: S. Liisberg, E.O. Pedersen, A.L. Dalsgård (eds), Anthropology and Philosophy: Dialogues on Trust and Hope, pp. 187–208. Oxford and New York: Berghahn.
  • Reinhardt G.Y. (2015). Race, Trust, and Return Migration: The Political Drivers of Post-Disaster Resettlement. Political Research Quarterly 68(2): 350–362.
  • Simmel G. (1950). The Sociology of Georg Simmel. New York: Free Press.
  • State Commission on Migration Issues (2017). Migration Profile of Georgia. http://migration.commission.ge/files/migration_profile_2017_eng__final_.pdf (accessed 29 July 2022).
  • Sliwinski A. (2016). The Value of Promising Spaces: Hope and Everyday Utopia in a Salvadoran Town. History and Anthropology 27(4): 430–446.
  • Sumbadze N. (2008). Gender and Society. Georgia. Report within UNDP Project Gender and Politics in South Caucasus. Tbilissi: Institute for Policy Studies (IPS).
  • Sztompka P. (2019). Trust in the Moral Space, in: M. Sasaki (ed.), Trust in Contemporary Society, pp. 31–40. Leiden: Brill.
  • Tilly C. (2007). Trust Networks in Transnational Migration. Sociological Forum 22(1): 3–24.
  • Topali P. (2010). Greek and Filipina Domestic Workers in Contemporary Greece: The Reproduction and Transformations of Domestic Work, Domestic Relationships and Female Identities. Journal of Mediterranean Studies 18(2): 311–340.
  • Torsello D. (2003). Trust, Property and Social Change in a Southern Slovakian Village. Münster: LIT.
  • Turaeva R. (2016). Migration and Identity in Central Asia: The Uzbek Experience. Central Asia Research Forum. New York: Routledge.
  • Turner S. 2015. ‘We Wait for Miracles’: Ideas of Hope and Future among Clandestine Burundian Refugees in Nairobi, in: E. Cooper, D. Pratten (eds), Ethnographies of Uncertainty in Africa, pp. 173–192. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Vammen I.M. (2017). Sticking to God: Brokers of Hope in Senegalese Migration to Argentina, in: N. Kleist, D. Thorsen (eds), Hope and Uncertainty in Contemporary African Migration, pp. 68–92. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Vigh H. (2009). Wayward Migration: On Imagined Futures and Technological Voids. Ethnos 74(1): 91–109.
  • Vullnetari J. (2012). Albania on the Move: Links between Internal and International Migration. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
  • Webster M. (1984). New Dictionary of Synonyms: A Dictionary of Discriminated Synonyms with Antonyms and Analogous and Contrasted Words. Springfield Mass: Merriam Webster.
  • Xypolytas N., Vassilikou K., Fouskas T. (2017). Migrant Domestic Workers: Family, Community, and Crisis. Journal of Modern Greek Studies 35(1): 89–110.
  • Zigon J. (2009). Hope Dies Last: Two Aspects of Hope in Contemporary Moscow. Anthropological Theory 9(3): 253–271.
  • Zmiejewski W. (2020). Georgian Women on the Move – Migration to Greece in Times of Crisis. Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-University, unpublished PhD thesis.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
2233820

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_54667_ceemr_2022_08
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.