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2022 | 67 | 2 | 1-20

Article title

The selection of areas for case study research in socio-economic geography with the application of k-means clustering

Content

Title variants

PL
Wybór obszarów do studiów przypadku w geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej z zastosowaniem metody grupowania k-średnich

Languages of publication

Abstracts

PL
Znane w statystyce techniki grupowania są rzadko wykorzystywane przez geografów do wyboru obszaru badań. Celem analiz opisanych w artykule było sprawdzenie możliwości zastosowania metody podziału k-średnich do wyboru jednostek przestrzennych (w tym przypadku gmin) do studiów przypadku. Dokonano tego poprzez rozwiązanie problemu metodycznego polegającego na optymalnym wyznaczeniu gmin do pogłębionych badań nad relacją między ochroną przyrody a rozwojem lokalnym i regionalnym w polskich Karpatach. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na określenie odpowiedniej liczby skupień za pomocą metody łokcia (ang. elbow method) oraz statystyki pseudo-F (wskaźnika Calińskiego-Harabasza). Dane wykorzystane w analizach pochodziły z Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego i obejmowały okres 1999–2012. W rezultacie kilkustopniowej procedury wytypowano gminy: Cisna, Lipinki, Ochotnica Dolna, Sękowa, Szczawnica i Zawoja. Opisany w artykule przykład pokazuje, że metoda k-średnich, pomimo pewnych słabości, może być przydatna do tworzenia klasyfikacji i typologii prowadzących do wyboru obszarów do studiów przypadku ze względu na jej użyteczność oraz dostępność w oprogramowaniu typu open source. Zarazem jednak – z uwagi na stopień złożoności społeczno-ekonomicznych cech obszarów – zastosowanie tej metody w geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej może wymagać wsparcia interpretacji jej wyników analizą dodatkowych źródeł informacji oraz wiedzą ekspercką.
EN
The grouping techniques which are known in statistics are rarely used by geographers to select a research area. The aim of the paper is to examine the potential use of the k-means clustering (partitioning) method for the selection of spatial units (here: gminas, i.e. the lowest administrative units in Poland) for case studies in socio-economic geography. We explored this topic by solving a practical problem consisting in the optimal designation of gminas for in-depth research on the interaction between nature protection and local and regional development in the Polish Carpathians. Particular attention was devoted to defining an appropriate number of clusters by means of the elbow method as well as the pseudo-F statistic (the Calinski-Harabasz index). The data for the analysis were mostly provided by Statistics Poland and covered the period of 1999–2012. The multi-stage procedure resulted in the selection of the following gminas: Cisna, Lipinki, Ochotnica Dolna, Sękowa, Szczawnica and Zawoja. The example described in the paper demonstrates that the k-means technique, despite its certain deficiencies, may prove useful for creating classifications and typologies leading to the selection of case study sites, as it is relatively time-effective, intuitive and available in opensource software. At the same time, due to the complexity of the socio-economic characteristics of the areas, the application of this method in socio-economic geography may require support in terms of the interpretation of the results through the analysis of additional data sources and expert knowledge.

Year

Volume

67

Issue

2

Pages

1-20

Physical description

Dates

published
2022

Contributors

  • Instytut Rozwoju Miast i Regionów; Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie, Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej / Institute of Urban and Regional Development; Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management

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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
1984996

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_5604_01_3001_0015_7717
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