Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


2020 | 9 | 7 | 8-23

Article title

Stosowanie spersonalizowanych cen w świetle nowelizacji dyrektywy 2011/83/UE o prawach konsumentów i rozporządzenia 2016/679 (RODO)

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

Abstracts

PL
W obliczu coraz większej dostępności danych osobowych konsumentów, zaawansowanych algorytmów cenowych oraz rozwoju handlu elektronicznego powszechne stosowanie spersonalizowanych cen przez przedsiębiorców wydaje się kwestią czasu. Dyrektywa 2019/2161, choć dopuszcza stosowanie spersonalizowanych cen, to uzależnia legalność tej praktyki w szczególności od spełnienia nowych obowiązków informacyjnych oraz przestrzegania przepisów RODO, w tym zawartych tam uprawnień osób, których dane dotyczą. Zarówno dyrektywa 2011/83/UE o prawach konsumentów zmieniana dyrektywą 2019/2161, jak i RODO gwarantują konsumentom pakiet uprawnień, które mają przeciwdziałać asymetrii informacyjnej między przedsiębiorcą a konsumentem i umożliwiać tym ostatnim podejmowanie świadomych decyzji zakupowych. Jeżeli uprawnienia te będą skutecznie wdrażane przez przedsiębiorców, pozwolą one na zniwelowanie lub złagodzenie ewentualnych negatywnych skutków stosowania spersonalizowanych cen dla konsumentów, jak również na dalszy rozwój jednolitego rynku cyfrowego.

Year

Volume

9

Issue

7

Pages

8-23

Physical description

Dates

published
2020

Contributors

  • Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Prawa i Administracji

References

  • Autorité de la Concurrence and Bundeskartellamt. (2016). Competition Law and Data. 10 May. Pozyskano z: https://www.bundeskartellamt.de/SharedDocs/Publikation/DE/Berichte/Big%20Data%20Papier.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2 (30.09.2020).
  • Bar-Gill, O. (2019). Algorithmic Price Discrimination: When Demand Is a Function of Both Preferences and (Mis)perceptions. University of Chicago Law Review, 86(2), 217–254.
  • Bishop, S. i Walker, M. (2010). The Economics of EC Competition Law. Londyn: Sweet and Maxwell.
  • Bourreau, M. i de Streel, A. (2018). The regulation of personalised pricing in the digital era. DAF/COMP/WD(2018)150. OECD. Pozyskano z: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3312158. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3312158.
  • Bourreau, M., de Streel, A. i Graef, I. (2017). Big Data and Competition Policy: Market power, personalised pricing and advertising. Project Report. Brussels: Centre on Regulation in Europe (CERRE). Pozyskano z: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2920301. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2920301.
  • CMA. (2018). Pricing algorithms. Economic working paper on the use of algorithms to facilitate collusion and personalised pricing. 8 October. London: Competition and Markets Authority Pozyskano z: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/746353/Algorithms_econ_report.pdf (30.09.2020).
  • CNIL i DGCCRF. (2014). IP Tracking: conclusions de l’enquête conjointe menée par la CNIL et la DGCCRF. Paris: Commission Nationale de I’Informatique et des Libertés and Direction générale de la Concurrence, de la Consommation et de la Répression des Fraudes. Pozyskano z: https://www.economie.gouv.fr/files/files/directions_services/dgccrf/presse/communique/2014/cp_tracking_27012014.pdf (30.09.2020).
  • Columbus, L. (2020). How COVID-19 Is Transforming E-Commerce. Forbes, 28 April. Pozyskano z: https://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2020/04/28/how-covid-19-is-transforming-e-commerce/#c5aabee3544f (30.09.2020).
  • Czerniawski, M. (2018). Komentarz do art. 22 RODO, W: E. Bielak-Jomaa, D. Lubasz (red.), RODO. Ogólne rozporządzenie o ochronie danych. Komentarz. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer.
  • EC. (2018). Consumer market study on online market segmentation through personalised pricing/offers in the European Union. Request for Specific Services 2016 85 02 for the implementation of Framework Contract EAHC/2013/CP/04. Final report. Luxembourg: Office of the European Union.. Pozyskano z: https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/aid_development_cooperation_fundamental_rights/aid_and_development_by_topic/documents/synthesis_report_online_personalisation_study_final_0.pdf (30.09.2020).
  • Ezrachi, A. i Stucke, M.E. (2016). The rise of behavioural discrimination. European Competition Law Review, 37(12), 485–492. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2830206.
  • Geburczyk, F. (2020). Prawa osób fizycznych w kontekście przetwarzania danych osobowych w procesach zautomatyzowanego podejmowania decyzji. Monitor Prawniczy, 11. http://doi.org/10.32027/MOP.20.11.4.
  • Graef, I. (2018). Algorithms and Fairness: What Role for Competition Law in Targeting Price Discrimination Towards End Consumers? The Columbia Journal of European Law, 24(3), 541–559. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3090360.
  • Graef, I. (2018a). Blurring Boundaries of Consumer Welfare: How to Create Synergies Between Compe¬tition, Consumer and Data Protection Law in Digital Markets, W: M. Bakhoum, B. Conde Gallego, M. O. Mackenrodt, G. Surblytė-Namavičienė (red.), Personal Data in Competition, Consumer Protection and Intellectual Property Law: Towards a Holistic Approach? (s. 121–-151). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57646-5_6.
  • Helberger, N., Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. i Reyna A. (2017). The Perfect Match? A Closer Look at the Relationship between EU Consumer Law and Data Protection Law. Common Market Law Review, 54(5), 1427–1429.
  • Howe, N. (2017). A Special Price Just for You. Forbes. 17 November. Pozyskano z: https://www.forbes.com/sites/neilhowe/2017/11/17/a-special-price-just-for-you/#8910ff990b32 (30.09.2020).
  • Hustinx, P. (2014). Preliminary Opinion of the European Data Protection Supervisor. Privacy and com-petitiveness in the age of big data: The interplay between data protection, competition law and con¬sumer protection in the Digital Economy. Brussels: European Data Protection Supervisor. Pozyskano z: https://edps.europa.eu/sites/edp/files/publication/14-03-26_competitition_law_big_data_en.pdf (30.09.2020).
  • ICO. (2020). Guide to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) – Automated decision-making and profiling. Information Commisioner’s Office. Pozyskano z: https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/automated-decision-making-and-profiling/ (30.09.2020).
  • Lynskey, O. (2014). Deconstructing data protection: the “added-value” of a right to data protection in the EU legal order. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 63(3), 569–597. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589314000244.
  • Malgieri, G. (2019). Automated decision-making in the EU Member States: The right to explanation and other “suitable safeguards” in the national legislations. Computer Law and Security Review, 35(5), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2019.05.002.
  • Mayer-Schönberger, V. i Cukier, K. (2013). Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work and Think. Nowy Jork: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Mik, E. (2016). The Erosion of Autonomy in Online Consumer Transactions. Law, Innovation and Technology, 8(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/17579961.2016.1161893.
  • Namysłowska, M. i Jabłonowska, A. (2020). Personalizacja oparta na sztucznej inteligencji – nowe wyzwanie dla prawa konsumenckiego. W: L. Lai, M. Świerczyński (red.), Prawo sztucznej inteligencji (s. 95–110). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck.
  • Odlyzko, A. (2009). Network neutrality, search neutrality, and the never-ending conflictbetween efficiency and fairness in markets. Review of Network Economics, 8(1), 40–60, https://doi.org/10.2202/1446-9022.116.
  • OECD (2016). Price discrimination – Background Note by the Secretariat. DAF/COMP(2016)15. 29–30 November 2016. Pozyskano z: https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/COMP%282016%2915/en/pdf.
  • OECD. (2018). Personalised pricing in the Digital Era – Background Note by the Secretariat, DAF/COMP(2018)13. 28 November 2018. Pozyskano z: https://one.oecd.org/document/DAF/COMP(2018)13/en/pdf.
  • OFT. (2013). Personalised Pricing. Increasing Transparency to Improve Trust. Office of Fair Trading. May. Pozyskano z: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140402165101/http://oft.gov.uk/shared_oft/markets-work/personalised-pricing/oft1489.pdf (30.09.2020)
  • Papandropoulos, P. (2007). How should price discrimination be dealt with by competition authorities? Droit&économie Concurrences, 3, 34–38.
  • Perez, S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic accelerated shift to e-commerce by 5 years, new report says. TechCrunch. 24 August. Pozyskano z: https://techcrunch.com/2020/08/24/covid-19-pandemic-accelerated-shift-to-e-commerce-by-5-years-new-report-says/?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM 6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAED50SgQIO4KZltF1Ceo6PupkQqbbTN-8DVaWHnoTgT9IUNg38uYyMY5bqW6FVTw1rMcXwjvr-xt5AROnEFuQzLrPtyk3MRYLEaTYhGvnIk SIL4sDvMNj0nOmbQIF3CnLmDDsN2tMkwUwGnL-HI1pfscVAJ_rkMwYonuf0vz8BlDi (30.09.2020).
  • Pigou, A.C. (1920). The Economics of Welfare. London: Macmillan. http://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-37562-9.
  • Poort, J. i Zuiderveen Borgesius, F.J. (2019). Does everyone have a price? Understanding people’s attitude towards online and offline price discrimination. Internet Policy Review, 8(1), 1–20, http://doi.org/10.14763/2019.1.1383.
  • Priester, A., Robbert, T. i Roth, S. (2020). A special price just for you: effects of personalized dynamic pricing on consumer fairness perceptions. Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, 19, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-019-00224-3.
  • Ratti, M. (2018). Personal-Data and Consumer Protection: What Do They Have in Common?, W: M. Bakhoum, B. Conde Gallego, M.-O. Mackenrodt, G. Surblytė-Namavičienė (red.), Personal Data in Competition, Consumer Protection and Intellectual Property Law: Towards a Holistic Approach? (s. 377–393). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57646-5_14.
  • Seele, P., Dierksmeier, C., Hofstetter, R. i Schultz, M.D. (2019). Mapping the Ethicality of Algorithmic Pricing: A Review of Dynamic and Personalized Pricing. Journal of Business Ethics, 10 December. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04371-w.
  • Shelanski, H. (2013). Information, Innovation, and Competition Policy for the Internet. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 161(6), 1663–1705.
  • Shiller, B.R. (2014). First-Degree Price Discrimination Using Big Data. Pozyskano z: https://www.brandeis.edu/economics/RePEc/brd/doc/Brandeis_WP58R2.pdf (30.09.2020).
  • Steppe, R. (2017). Online price discrimination and personal data: A General Data Protection Regulation per-spective. Computer Law & Security Review, 33(6), 768–785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2017.05.008.
  • Svantesson, D.J.B. (2018). Enter the quagmire – the complicated relationship between data protection law and consumer protection law. Computer Law and Security Review, 34(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2017.08.003.
  • Syska, K. (2019). Prawa związane ze zautomatyzowanym podejmowaniem decyzji w RODO oraz Prawie bankowym i ustawie o działalności ubezpieczeniowej i reasekuracyjnej. Monitor Prawniczy – dodatek, 22. 40–46. http://doi.org/10.32027/MOP.19.22.6.
  • Townley, C., Morrison, E. i Yeung K. (2017). Big Data and Personalized Price Discrimination in EU Competition Law. Yearbook of European Law, 36(1), 683–748. https://doi.org/10.1093/yel/yex015.
  • van Boom, W.H., van der Rest, J.P.I., Bos, K. van den, i Dechesne, M. (2020). Consumers Beware: Online Personalized Pricing in Action! How the Framing of a Mandated Discriminatory Pricing Disclosure Influences Intention to Purchase. Social Justice Research, 33, 331–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11211-020-00348-7.
  • Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. i Poort J. (2017). Online Price Discrimination and EU Data Privacy Law. Journal of Consumer Policy, 40, 347–366. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-017-9354-z.

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
2216368

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_7172_2299-5749_IKAR_7_9_1
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.