The characteristics of trafficking in human beings in Hungary and Romania

• Authors: Szandra Windt , Petronella Deres

Title variants

The characteristics of trafficking in human beings in Hungary and Romania

• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Hungary and Romania are both origin and transit countries for victims of human trafficking, considering the lack of work opportunities and the deep poverty in some parts of these countries. The TIP Report1 for 2019 lists both Hungary and Romania on the Tier 2 Watch List2 for different reasons. National and international organisations report an alarmingly high number of trafficking cases in both countries, while the number of trafficking investigations and the sentences for these crimes are low. Since 2010, the leadership of the two countries has tried to meet American and European expectations through various measures. New laws have been created in both Hungary and Romania, and there are numerous regulations that deal with victims of trafficking in human beings (hereinafter: THB). This desk research study, based on a comparison of Romania and Hungary, provides insights into the characteristics of THB in these countries.

PL

Hungary and Romania are both origin and transit countries for victims of human trafficking, considering the lack of work opportunities and the deep poverty in some parts of these countries. The TIP Report1 for 2019 lists both Hungary and Romania on the Tier 2 Watch List2 for different reasons. National and international organisations report an alarmingly high number of trafficking cases in both countries, while the number of trafficking investigations and the sentences for these crimes are low. Since 2010, the leadership of the two countries has tried to meet American and European expectations through various measures. New laws have been created in both Hungary and Romania, and there are numerous regulations that deal with victims of trafficking in human beings (hereinafter: THB). This desk research study, based on a comparison of Romania and Hungary, provides insights into the characteristics of THB in these countries.   Węgry i Rumunia są uznawane zarówno za kraje pochodzenia, jak i kraje tranzytu ofiar handlu ludźmi. Wynika to z braku możliwości podjęcia pracy i głębokiego ubóstwa panującego w niektórych częściach tych krajów. W raporcie “Trafficking in Persons” (the TIP Report) za 2019 r., wydawanym przez Biuro ds. Monitorowania i Zwalczania Handlu Ludźmi Departamentu Stanu USA, oba kraje zostały wymienione wśród państw, które – pomimo podejmownanych wysiłków – nie spełniają minimalnych standardów określonych w Trafficking Victims Protection Act. Różne krajowe i międzynarodowe organizacje informują o dramatycznie zwiększającej się liczbie przypadków handlu ludźmi w każdym z tych krajów, ale jednocześnie o niewielkiej liczbie prowadzonych postępowań karnych i skazań za to przestępstwo. Od 2010 r. rządy Węgier i Rumunii, wykorzystując różne instrumenty, starają się doprowadzić do implementacji amerykańskich i europejskich zaleceń. W każdym z tych krajów zostały wprowadzone nowe przepisy dotyczące postępowania z ofiarami handlu ludźmi. Analiza danych zastanych pozwoliła na charakterystykę i porównanie nowo przyjętych rozwiązań w obu państwach.

Keywords

EN

trafficking in human beings; Romania; Hungary; exploitation; crime groups

PL

trafficking in human beings; Romania; Hungary; exploitation; crime groups; handel ludźmi; Rumunia; Węgry; wykorzystywanie; grupy przestępcze; trafficking in human beings; Romania; Hungary; exploitation; crime groups; handel ludźmi; Rumunia; Węgry; wykorzystywanie; grupy przestępcze

• Publisher: Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN / Institute of Legal Studies PAN
• Journal: Archiwum Kryminologii
• Year: 2020
• Issue: XLII/1
• Pages: 139-161

Dates

published

2020-06-15

Contributors

author

Szandra Windt

• National Institute of Criminology

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-5591

author

Petronella Deres

• National Institute of Criminology

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9357-4350

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Identifiers

DOI

10.7420/AK2020M