Przystosowanie szkolnictwa wyższego do otoczenia. Kilka uwag o wzorze amerykańskim

• Authors: Harry Bradley Sagen

Title variants

EN

The Adaptation of the Institutions of Higher Education to the Environment. Some Remarks on the American Pattern

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Autor przedstawia podstawowe relacje uczelni z otoczeniem w Stanach Zjednoczonych, a także określa modele takich związków oraz opisuje rolę rządu w kreowaniu warunków sprzyjających efektywnym procesom adaptacji. Zarysowuje pozorne sprzeczności między autonomią a zdolnością adaptacji do otoczenia uczelni amerykańskich. Następnie omawia trzy czynniki wyjaśniające stosunki uczelni z otoczeniem: strukturę poszczególnych instytucji, modele finansowania, w tym partycypację studentów w finansowaniu, oraz zróżnicowanie instytucji szkolnictwa wyższego. Czynniki te są wzajemnie powiązane. Wewnętrznemu zróżnicowaniu uczelni i zróżnicowaniu między poszczególnymi instytucjami towarzyszą procesy integracyjne. Autor prezentuje model autonomii uczelni i sterowania szkołami wyższymi przez rząd, uzupełniając opis o aktualne problemy adaptacyjne szkół amerykańskich zilustrowane przykładami. Artykuł kończą uwagi na temat możliwości wykorzystania doświadczeń amerykańskich w procesach przekształceń systemów szkolnictwa wyższego w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej.

EN

The author presents the basis sources and principles of the relations between higher education institutions and the environment in the United States, defines models of such relations and describes the government’s role in establishing conditions favorable to the effective adjustment processes. The apparent contradiction between the autonomy and the adjustment abilities of the American institutions of higher education are drafted. Next, three factors that explain the relations of the American higher education institutions with the environment, i.e.: the organizational structure of single institution, models of the financing and students participation in the costs of training, and the differentiation of the higher education institutions, are discussed. These three factors are interrelated. The internal differentation of the institutions of higher education and the differentiation between various institutions are accompanied by the integrative processes. The author presents a model of the higher education institution autonomy and the methods of steering of the higher education institutions by the central government, supplementing the description with the presentation of the topical adjustment problems met by the American institutions of higher education, providing numerous examples. The paper ends up with some remarks concerning the possible utilization of the American experiences in the process of the transformation of the higher education institutions in the Central and Eastern Europe.

• Publisher: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
• Journal: Nauka i Szkolnictwo Wyższe
• Year: 1994
• Issue: 1(3)
• Pages: 102-116

Dates

published

2016-04-01

Contributors

author

Harry Bradley Sagen

• Departamencie Studiów nad Planowaniem, Polityką i Kierowaniem na Uniwersytecie Iowa

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