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Two different faces of the same age. Notes on the Spanish morphology of XIII century The main purpose of this study is to show the development of the morphology of the Castilian of XIII century, which can be separated on two large episodes: archaic and innovative. Analyzing the texts of that period, the author will demonstrate the impact of Spanish king Alfonso X of Castile’s work on the morphological paradigm through the innovation of linguistics forms which resulted, above all, by establishing Spanish as the official language in the Kingdom of Castile and León.