EN
Developing a system of appeals in court proceedings, both in criminal and civil cases, is a matter of particular interest for legal reformers, especially in times of political break- throughs. Admission of a full appeal, its limitation, or lack stems from the structure of the judi- ciary. Among priority tasks of the Codification Commission of the Second Republic of Poland was designing a system of appeals that would serve best the re-established Polish state. This article highlights the commission’s deliberations during work on the first Polish code of penal proceedings and during its far-reaching amendments. It discusses the standpoints of opponents and supporters of maintaining appeals from district court rulings decided by a judicial panel. Those problems have not lost their relevance. Until this day changes in a criminal lawsuit pri- marily attempt to streamline and accelerate penal proceedings. Under changing conditions, the search continues for the correct and adequate proportions between the protection of the defend- ant’s rights and the value of discovering the truth, the need for protecting public safety, fighting increasing crime, and protecting the victim’s interests.