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2022 | 2/2022 (10) | 78-94

Article title

Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie zmian ludnościowych w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki Północnej w drugiej dekadzie XXI wieku

Authors

Content

Title variants

EN
Spatial difference of population change in the United States of North America in the second decade of the 21st century

Languages of publication

Abstracts

EN
The aim of the article was to determine the population changes taking place in the last decade (2010-2020) in the United States of America – the third most populous country in the world. The study used census and estimated population data obtained from the United States Census Bureau. The scope of the issues discussed in detail concerns changes in the number of population, its structure, vital statistics and migration balance, analyzed with the use of coefficients describing them. Analyzes showed a systematic increase in population, with a simultaneous decrease in annual population growth and differentiation of racial composition. The processes of aging of the American society are becoming more and more pronounced, as evidenced by, among others, the growing median age or the systematically increasing share of the population aged 65+. The number of births is decreasing, the fertility rate is decreasing, the number of deaths is increasing, especially in the last 2 years. The influx of people from abroad is also decreasing, which was caused, among others, by economic crisis at the beginning of the last decade and the introduction of government restrictions. The observed changes affect the change of the population of individual states with varying strength.
PL
Celem artykułu było określenie zmian ludnościowych, zachodzących w ostatniej dekadzie (lata 2010-2020) w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki Północnej – trzecim pod względem liczby ludności kraju na świecie. W badaniach wykorzystano spisowe i estymowane dane ludnościowe, pozyskane ze stron United States Census Bureau. Zakres szczegółowo poruszanej problematyki dotyczy zmian liczby ludności, jej struktury, ruchu naturalnego i salda migracji, analizowanych z wykorzystaniem opisujących ich współczynników. Analizy wykazały systematyczny wzrost liczby ludności, przy jednoczesnym spadku rocznych przyrostów populacji i różnicowaniu się składu rasowego. Zaznaczają się coraz silniej procesy starzenia społeczeństwa amerykańskiego, o czym świadczy np. rosnąca mediana wieku i zwiększający się systematycznie udział ludności w wieku 65+. Zmniejsza się liczba urodzeń, maleje dzietność, rośnie liczba zgonów, głównie w ostatnich 2 latach. Zmniejsza się też napływ ludności z zagranicy, co było spowodowane m.in. kryzysem gospodarczym na początku ostatniej dekady i wprowadzanymi ograniczeniami rządowymi. Obserwowane zmiany z różną siłą wpływają na zmianę populacji poszczególnych stanów.

Year

Issue

Pages

78-94

Physical description

Dates

published
2022

Contributors

author
  • Akademia Nauk Stosowanych w Nowym Sączu

References

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Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

Biblioteka Nauki
14134774

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.ojs-issn-2544-6916-year-2022-issue-2_2022__10_-article-51d26030-c0c1-3090-836b-1ff4854093ce
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