Dziedzictwo kulturowe jako czynnik rozwoju funkcji turystycznej - na przykładzie gmin bieszczadzkich

• Authors: Małgorzata Durydiwka
• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

The Bieszczady Mountains are one of the most beautiful regions in Poland. Usually it's their natural values that are emphasized, since the Bieszczady are regarded as the European oasis of feral nature. However, one should keep in mind that, for several centuries, people from various ethnic groups and confessions lived and worked in the region. This multiculturalism left traces in the architecture and art of the region, which undoubtedly makes the Bieszczady region culturally attractive. The author has assessed the cultural attractiveness of gminas (communes) in the Bieszczady. The assessment was based on selected elements of the material cultural heritage, using the method of point grading. The inventory included: monuments of sacral architecture (wooden and brick); places with documented former existence of sacral architecture monuments; monuments of secular architecture; ruins of manors, palaces, and castles; monuments of folk architecture; historic monuments related to industry and technology achievements, as well as places with remains of such objects; historic cemeteries; museums and monuments. The inventory was based on guidebooks (Kłos 2005, Luboński 2006, Orłowski, Taranowski 2008) and web sites (see the list of web sites). Four levels of cultural heritage attractiveness in the gminas in the Bieszczady Mts. have been determined (fig. 2). In terms of the number, differentiation, and attractiveness of cultural heritage monuments, the richest area is the rural area of the gmina of Ustrzyki Dolne (93 points). The next group of gminas with high cultural attractiveness consists of four spatial units: Solina, Baligród, Czarna and Lutowiska. They are characterised by a very similar level of cultural attractiveness, since - according to the criteria used - it is between 52 points in Solina to 57 points in Lutowiska. The least attractive, in terms of cultural heritage, are: the gmina of Cisna (18 points), the towns of Lesko (15 points) and Ustrzyki Dolne (16 points) and the rural areas of the Lesko gmina (22 points). In the case of the gminas in the Bieszczady, the correlation between the cultural heritage attractiveness and the level of the development of tourism function - which is understood as the existence of tourist traffic and tourist-oriented services, and determined by the synthetic measure method with the formula by Z. Zioło (1973) - is unfortunately small. This is particularly visible when the rank method is introduced (table 3), in particular on the example of the gminas with the best and moderately developed tourism function. The types of relationships between the development level of tourism function and the attractiveness of the cultural heritage in the Bieszczady gminas have been defined with use of the distribution of the values of these characteristics. This way, four relationship types have been obtained (table 4); the two most frequent relationship types are defined as type A and type B. Therefore, in the case of the Bieszczady gminas, cultural heritage elements are not an essential factor in the development of their tourism function. The most important factors creating the tourism function in the region are undoubtedly its recreational and winter tourism values. Additionally, the tourism function is enhanced by the existence of spa towns (Polańczyk in the Solina gmina). One should, however, mention that during recreational visits, tourists engage in various activities, also in activities with educational values. The richness and variability of the cultural heritage of the Bieszczady Mountains region may therefore become (perhaps it already is) an important factor helping to develop tourism function in some gminas (e.g., Czarna, Olszanica, and most importantly the rural areas of the gmina of Ustrzyki Dolne).

Keywords

PL

• Publisher: Uniwersytet Jagielloński
• Journal: Prace Geograficzne
• Year: 2011
• Issue: 125

Dates

published

2011

online

2011-09-18

Contributors

author

Małgorzata Durydiwka