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EN
Starting from a definition of 'moment', the authoress develops a critique of previous aspectological approaches to momentary verbs and proposes a new definition of this class of verbs. The present approach allows for the heterogeneity of momentary verbs and their relation to Vendler's 'achievement' verbs (Vendler 1957). Further, the authoress discusses the terms of use of momentary verbs with durative expressions ('within an hour' type)., i.e., with adverbials denoting time spent in completing the action.
EN
The aim of the article is to examine the context in which Russian verbs denoting different action types are not used in the German translation. The text material consists of contemporary Russian literature works and their German translation. The article consists of two parts. Part One includes the classification of action types in Russian and their German equivalents. In Part Two the authoress takes into account the absence of German equivalents suited to the morphologically expressed modifications of basic Russian verbs.
EN
The paper proposes the interpretation of two contextual meanings of Russian aspect. The author examines the factual and the processual meaning. The theoretical background of this paper is the theory of Yu. Maslov, V. Khrakovskii and E. Paducheva. The main aspectual meanings give different ways of viewing the internal temporary structure of a situation: 'a synchronic view of the situation' and 'a retrospective view of the situation'. They are described as the phasal meanings (the meaning of the initial phase, the intraterminal phase, the final phase etc.). These definitions show differences in the semantics of different types of perfective (delimitatives, ingressives, semelfactives etc.) and imperfective verbs. The presentation of each class is supplemented by graphs showing the relationships between the variables on the time axis.
EN
The aim of the article is a description of Russian verbs of initial 'Aktionsarten' (action types) and an examination of the ways of translating them into German. Russian is the source language, while German is the language of translation. The article consists of three parts. In part one the Russian initial 'Aktionsarten' are classified. In part two their German equivalents are discussed with the explicit usage of the meanings suited to morphologically expressed modifications of the basic Russian verbs. Part three focuses on the lack of the explicit usage of the meanings of the Russian initial verbs. The text material consists of contemporary Russian literature works and their German translations.
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