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EN
Before the First World War problems related to geographical sciences were practiced in Physiographical Commission of the Cracow Scientific Society and the Academy of Arts and Sciences, namely in Meteorological Section and Orographic-Geological Section. During the interwar period the Geographical Commission was established by the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1924 and was active until 1938. In this year the Board of the Academy decided to dissolve the Commission. Simultaneously, the proposal to appoint a new Geographical Commission was introduced but till the outbreak of the Second World War it could not be carried out. After the suspension of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences extorted in 1952 by Communist authorities, the Commission of Geographical Sciences was formed in 1966 by the Cracow Branch of the Polish Academy of Sciences. It worked till 2011 and then was newly constituted or correctly reactivated as the Geographical Commission of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences.
EN
Jan Sarnicki was born in Brzesko on December 22, 1904. He spend his early childhood in Brzeżany (Podolia) and just after beginning of the First World War moved with his parents to Wadowice. In years he was a pupil of the secondary school in Wadowice, in which he passed the maturity examination on May 29, 1923 to undertake the study in the Medical Faculty of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. A year later he transferred himself to the Philosophical Faculty with the specialization in the field of geography, becoming a student of few famous university professors, such as: L. Sawicki, W. Szajnocha, J. Nowak and J. Smoleński – his scientific protector. Under the direction of the last mentioned he prepared and wrote the doctor thesis: Western Carpathians in the light of relative heighs. The manuscript of this text is up today preserved in the Archive of Jagiellonian University. Twice, but unfortunately without the success he sat the examination from the philosophy, what made him impossible to get a doctor’s degree. On the other hand he passed successful the State-examination authorizing to teaching in secondary schools. In addition three times he held the training and military exercises to obtained finally the degree of Second Lieutenant. J. Sarnicki undertook the professional work in year 1931 as the teacher of private secondary school in Vilnius, and two years later moved to Wadowice and continued this job as the teacher of geography. Karol Wojtyła, later Pope John Paul II was his schoolboy at that time. Simultaneously he began to draw block diagrams and relief maps serving as didactic helps. More then 60 such drawings were made in Vilnius and exhibited in schoolclasses. This activity was continued after the return to Wadowice, namely on the request of the Company of Friends of the Skiing he made 5 relief maps of few mountain groups of Carpathians, particularly attractive as ski-lands. In June, 1937 he married with Maria Grüner, his girl-friend from Wadowice and younger colleague from the university. Just before the Second World War J. Sarnicki was mobilized as the Second Lieutenant. Three weeks later he crossed the Hungarian border and after next few months forced his way to the Polish Army in France, became internee and placed in the soldier camp in Idron, on the northern foreland of Pyrenees. He designed and participated in the in construction of the chapel, which many years later was entered on the list of national monuments of France. Repeatedly he painted and drew this little chapel. Twice he attempted an escape through Spain to England but unfortunately the second time round he was left in Andorra, caught by Germans and settled in the concentration camp Dora near Buchenwald were had the heavy accident. Soon after the end of the war J. Sarnicki came back to Wadowice and undertook the duty as the teacher of geography and geology in the secondary school. Meantime he drawn more than twenty block diagrams ad relief maps again and led trips with pupils to explain geological and geomorphologic details. Aged 65 years he passed onto pension and moved himself to Biała, were his mother and sister lived. Then he created next plastic maps, and the most well-known from among are maps of Monte Cassino, and of dams on the Skawa River in Grodzisko and in Świnna Poręba. Moreover he painted numerous small images, mainly landscapes of Beskidy Mts., surroundings of Wadowice, different little chapels and elements of sacral architecture. Two maps were send to the Rome for his schoolboy, the Pope John Paul II. One of them was the panorama of Monte Cassino and the other – the view over religious foot-pats with numerous chapels from Kalwaria and Lackonona. At November 1984 J. Sarnicki was decorated with the order – the Knight’s Cross Polonia Restituta. He died 26 January, 1985 lie in one’s grave on the cemetery in the town Biała. He deserve a regard as the talented and well educated person, the meritorious teacher, the soldier-patriot and the notable author of block diagrams and relief maps, which are a head of one’s time.
PL
Franciszek Rzechulka, górnik z wykształcenia i zawodu, w trakcie pracy w kopalniach rozwijał swoje geologiczne zainteresowania, prowadząc obserwacje w szybach i podziemnych chodnikach, a także w odsłonięciach powierzchniowych. Gromadził przy tym liczne okazy skamieniałości, skał i minerałów. W okresie międzywojennym był współpracownikiem dr. Arnolda Makowskiego, badającego węglonośne utwory karbonu na Górnym Śląsku, a po drugiej wojnie światowej współdziałał w profi lowaniu wierceń dokumentujących nowe złoża węgla kamiennego. Pozostawił po sobie bogatą kolekcję geologiczną i paleontologiczną, liczącą blisko tysiąc jednostek, przechowywaną w ubiegłych latach w Akademii Górniczo -Hutniczej, a w styczniu 2015 przekazaną do zbiorów muzealnych Oddziału Górnośląskiego Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego.
EN
Franciszek Rzechulka lived and worked in the Upper Silesia in a period of intensive development of coal -mines as well as during changes caused by political and economic factors. After leaving the primary school in Bytom, the secondary school in Zabrze and fi nally the technical mining school in Tarnowskie Góry, he received the degree of a mining -technician and took up work at fi rst in the mine Szomberg in Bytom. Two years later he moved to Wodzisław Śląski near Rybnik, married Amalia Schücke (of German descent) and began work as a mining -foreman in the coal-mine Emma. For the fi rst years of his employment in this mine he had been acutelyinterested in geological structure of coal -deposits, particularly in the diversifi cation of rocks accompanying coal -layers and the occurrence of fossils, which facilitate the identification and correlation of these layers. Shortly, he acquired the experience very helpful in the geological research. After the First World War a part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin became part of Poland. In a short time the newly created State Geological Institute in Warsaw (1919) organized the small Silesian department localized in Dąbrowa Górnicza, working at the beginning under the management of a geologist, Arnold Makowski, and later – Stanisław Doktorowicz -Hrebnicki. In 1925–1935 the former undertook geological research in the region of Rybnik, using mostly the help of Franciszek Rzechulka, who knew a lot of outcrops very hopeful in these investigations. The results of the research were published in several reports (Makowski 1930–1934). During the Second World War Franciszek Rzechulka worked in the mining-firm Lignoza in Katowice, but just after the war he came back and sett led in Radlin near the Emma Mine. He was employed at once in the Regional Management of Coal-Industry in Rybnik both as a mining -technician and also as a person of great geological knowledge and experience. Few years later he participated in a “course for geologists in the mining-exploitation services”. It is noteworthy, that in this part of Upper Silesia no even one geologist worked at that time. In 1951 Franciszek Rzechulka, promoted to an older specialist of the Mine-Surveying and Geological Department in Rybnik, set out to make up a geological and palaeontological collection from mines, boreholes and outcrops of the surrounding region. The sampled material was washed by him on a sieve, to collect small fossils, microfossils and minerals from the remained material. A litt le microscope was very helpful in this activity. Selected specimens or sets of specimens were protected between two glass-plates stuck together with the Canada balsam. The whole unique collection gathered by him in this way counts about a thousand of such examples. For a few years it was stored and partly exposed in the aforementioned Department in Rybnik and in 1977 it was transported to Krakow and placed in the Chair of Stratigraphy and Regional Geology of the Academy of Mining and Metallurgy. The collection became delivered in January 2015 to the Upper Silesian Branche of the Polish Geological Institut in Sosnowiec. and German publications about geology and mining. From this period two hand-written notebooks proving the scope of his interests, were preserved. Most often he perused a Polish monthly “Przegląd Geologiczny” as well as a German journal “Glückauf”. Finally, in the middle of the year 1958, after 52 years of employment he stopped working and retired. At the farewell he left to his friends an atlas with the coats of arms of the Hanseatic states, with a dedication „Ad memoriam! F. Rzechulka 15.VII.1958”. He then left Poland to move to his children working as doctors in Germany. He died in the year of 1973 in the Federal Republic of Germany.
EN
Short profiles of researchers, educators and activists interested in natural sciences and tourism became presented as broadcasts over the radio station – Radio Krakow. At 2013 they were edited by the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, as a compact disc entitled „Worth the memory – known and unknown”, which contains 114 such records. Each broadcast was elaborated and noted as one page by the first co -author (SWA), prepared to presentation by the second co -author (JS) and recorded in the radio-studio as a conversation led by both of them. Four diagrams illustrate selected att ributes of broadcasts: the date of birth of presented persons, their age, the main field of interest or activity and the year of broadcasting. The edited programme aroused a great interest and in consequence the cycle of broadcasts was not fi nished and is still continued.
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