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PL
Kościół gdański po wprowadzeniu stanu wojennego roztaczał opiekę duszpasterską nad niezależnymi grupami młodzieży sprzeciwiającej się władzy: udostępniał lokale, włączał się w sieć kolportażu, interweniował w sprawie represji młodzieży, upominał się o jej prawa, wspierał materialnie niezależną działalność, partycypował w kosztach kar nansowych poniesionych przez młodych za działalność opozycyjną. Taką postawą wyróżniało się wielu duchownych pracujących na terenie diecezji gdańskiej. Poniżej zaprezentowane zostaną przykłady obrazujące zaangażowanie Kościoła wobec niezależnych ruchów młodzieżowych w latach 1981‒1989.
EN
The city of Gdansk in 1980s became one of the political centers of Poland. It was the city where the Solidarity trade union movement and few other independent organizations were born in spite of the communistic regime. The situation changed dramatically after the martial law was introduced in Poland in December 1981. Nevertheless after short time of shock the underground social movements started to build up. The second walk for freedom began. It was partly nalized in 1989 by the rst independent parliamentary elections. Youth movements took an important part in the walk for freedom. In their independent activity they had received a complex help from the Catholic Church in Gdansk. It seems that the Church fullled all the hopes put in it by the Polish young generation at the time. In 1981‒1989 the Archdiocese of Gdansk was opened to the needs of the youth groups by offering the working and meeting space, helping with spreading the independent researches, defending the youth rights, helping materially and nancially. The article shows few examples describing areas of the Church’s activity in front of the independent youth movements after the martial law period in Gdansk.
EN
In the year 2009 Salesian will celebrate the 90th anniversary of the beginning of the ministerially - educational work in Aleksandrów Kujawski. There is the oldest work of the Congregation in St. Wojciech Province. The elaboration into the concise manner introduces history of Salesian’s institution in Aleksandrów: The Salesian College (Kujawskiego Kolegium xx. Salezjanów), the pastoral centre at „the chapel”, the parish dedicated Mary Help of Christians, Lyceum and the Junior High School of the name of cardinal August Hlond.
EN
From the beginning of the emergence of organised forms of opposition in the second half of the 1970’s the young people actively engaged in their activities. In this period, the first independent youth organisations represented by Student Solidarity Committees (SKS) and the Movement of the Young Poland (RMP) were formed very quickly. Along with those structures the first press titles authorised by these environments appeared. After the strikes of August 1980 and the creation of the NSZZ "Solidarity" the youth activated publishing of the independent public press. It bloomed, however, just after the introduction of the martial law in December. The present article presents, in a concise manner, the development of the phenomenon of the youth’s independent publishers in the years 1977 -1990.
PL
Sektor przemysłowy jest jedną z głównych sił napędowych wzrostu gospodarczego, szczególniew krajach rozwijających się. Pozytywna dynamika zmian w sektorze przemysłowym przyczynia siędo efektów w innych sektorach gospodarki. Celem artykułu jest pogrupowanie badanych krajów UE-27 podwzględem zatrudnienia w sektorze przemysłowym w celu utworzenia jednorodnych klas. Zakres czasowyanalizy obejmuje 2013 rok. Wybór takiego okresu badawczego wynika z dostępności i porównywalności danychstatystycznych w przekroju poszczególnych krajów Unii Europejskiej. Procedura grupowania uwzględniawewnątrzgrupowe i międzygrupowe zróżnicowanie wybranych zmiennych diagnostycznych. W badaniuzastosowano hierarchiczne metody aglomeracji i metodę k-średnich. Głównymi kryteriami decydującymio przynależności badanych krajów UE-27 do skupień są: udział zatrudnionych w produkcji i udział zatrudnionychw budownictwie. Kraje UE-15, zwłaszcza Niemcy, Wielka Brytania, Francja, Hiszpania, Włochy i osobnoPolska charakteryzują się wyższymi wartościami średnich dla wybranych zmiennych diagnostycznych, czyliudziału zatrudnionych w sektorze produkcji i udziału zatrudnionych w budownictwie, w porównaniu z przeciętnymiwartościami zmiennych w grupie pozostałych krajów UE-27.
EN
The industrial sector is the one of key engine of economic growth especially in the developing countries. The positive dynamics of change in industrial sectors lead to effects in other areas of economy. The paper focuses on the clustering of employment in industrial sector in the EU-27 countries in order to form homogeneous clusters. The period considered is the year 2013. The choice of such a research period comes from the availability and comparability of the statistical data within the European Countries. The clustering procedure of EU countries is based on intra and inter-group differences on selected diagnostic variables. The agglomerative hierarchical clustering and k-means clustering methods were used in the paper. The main criteria for deciding on UE-27 countries belonging to clusters are the share of employment in manufacturing and the share of employment in construction. The countries of the EU-15, particularly Germany, Great Britain, France, Spain, Italy and separately Poland as well are characterized by higher values of average for selected diagnostic variables i.e. the share of employment in manufacturing and the share of employment in construction in relation to the average of variables for the remaining countries.
EN
Political changes in the 1980’s could happen largely due to involvement of the youth in opposition activities. One of the reasons for that was the openness of the youth towards formation proposals which were proposed by the Polish church in the years 1945-1989. In this communist period there was a constant fight with the communist government to protect spirituality of the youth. The last chapter of this clash took place in the 80’s. The communist government tried to restrict churches’ influence on the young people at all costs. In this article the documents of the communist party of the city of Gdansk were presented. They analyse the influence on the youth through the academic priesthoods, Ruch Światło - Zycie, organisation of cultural events. They also report examples of disobeying, by the school boards and teachers, the so called ‘school secularity’ which is the presence of crosses in the class rooms. At that time for once more the communist authorities ran the campaign of removing religious symbols from the educational establishments in the whole country.
EN
Father Francis Szczygłowski (1876-1941), a Catholic priest during the twenty year interwar period, was one of the greatest Salesian benefactors derived from the diocesan clergy. Thanks to his initiative and commitment, the Salesians of Don Bosco began educational and pastoral ministry in Aleksandrów Kujawski (1919) and in Ląd on the Warta River (1921) which lasts up to the present day. This source edition presents an account written by Fr. Szczygłowski about his pastoral and social ministry. It was signed on the 12th of March 1938 and can be found in the collections of the Diocesan Archives of Włocławek, Poland.
Adhibenda
|
2016
|
issue 3
241-257
PL
Omówiona kolekcja medali i medalików poświęconych św. Janowi Bosko, oprócz walorów czysto artystycznych, dokumentuje różnego rodzaju wydarzenia z historii Zgromadzenia Salezjańskiego. Pokazuje również zaangażowanie poszczególnych gałęzi Rodziny Salezjańskiej w upamiętnienie swojego założyciela w ten właśnie wyjątkowy sposób. Zaznaczyć także należy, że prezentowana kolekcja mogła powstać tylko ze względu na wypracowaną w ostatnich latach praktykę przekazywania przez współbraci tego typu pamiątek do zbiorów archiwum inspektorialnego. Z tego powodu obchody jubileuszu 200. rocznicy urodzin ks. Bosko napawają nas nadzieją, że przy okazji okolicznościowych imprez, sympozjów czy wystaw pojawi się w obiegu wiele nowych wytworów sztuki medalierskiej dedykowanej wielkiemu Ojcu i Nauczycielowi młodzieży, które poszerzą nasze dotychczasowe zbiory.
Adhibenda
|
2018
|
issue 5
223-235
EN
The collections of the Salesian Archive of the Piła Province includes an interesting memento of the Primate of Poland, Cardinal August Hlond’s stay in the Lubusz region in October 1947. It is a small-sized diary given him by one of the children, namely Wojciech Błaszczyszyn from Ulim, who greeted the Primate in Deszczno. The diary is held as Rev. Stanisław Kosiński’s legacy in the documentation which is part of the fonds Acta Hlondiana devoted to the life and work of the Primate of Poland. The diary given to Hlond is a ready-made paper product with dimensions 120 by 170 mm. The diary is bounded in corrugated leather-like material of red colour, with a lock made of the same material. It consists of 9 written pages and 39 blank ones. The diary has redand gilt-edged pages.
EN
Inventory of the parish church in Ląd was done on 26th September 1936, after Fr Franciszek Miśka, the first rector of the Salesian house, became a parish priest. Fr Miśka later became a martyr during II World War and a candidate for beatification. The document is the last source evidencing the furnishings of the church before the war. The monastery in Ląd was turned by Nazis into a transit-camp for the clergymen from several dioceses and orders from January 1940 till October 194. Afterwards, the Germans established in the monastery a Hitlerjudeng training camp that lasted until the liberation of these lands. During the time of occupation the monasery, the church and its furnishings were subject to numerous devastations.
PL
Inwentarz kościoła parafialnego w Lądzie n. Wartą został sporządzony 26 września 1936 roku po objęciu funkcji proboszcza i dyrektora Zakładu Salezjańskiego przez ks. Franciszka Miśkę SDB, późniejszego męczennika drugiej wojny światowej, obecnie kandydata na ołtarze. Dokument stanowi ostatnie źródło dokumentujące stan wyposażenia kościoła przed wybuchem wojny. Klasztor w czasie okupacji od stycznia 1940 roku do października 1941 roku pełnił funkcję obozu przejściowego dla duchownych z kilku diecezji i zakonów. Później Niemcy przeznaczyli klasztor na szkołę Hitlerjugend, która funkcjonowała aż do momentu wyzwalania tych ziem. W czasie okupacji klasztor, kościół i jego wyposażenie uległy licznym dewastacjom.
EN
The Salesian Archive of the Province of Piła (ASIP) was founded when the new Salesian Province of Piła was created in December 1979. The most extensive group of records in this archive concerns the territorial and personnel development of the Province of Piła, its apostolic activities, property and history. The precious collections also include legacies. In recent years, the main part of the archive activities has been focused on organizing and describing the fonds. In the years 2004-2011 the Salesian Archive of the Province of Pila in collaboration with other institutions organized several exhibitions, which were well received. In the years 2005-2011 the archive organized or co-organized several symposia and academic conferences, including the all-Poland ones. During the period under discussion, the archive also dealt with publishing activities. Currently it releases two book series. The fi rst one, entitled Biographical series under the auspices of ASIP, includes publications presenting the priests: Lucjan Gieros SDB, Stanisław Olędzki SDB, Franciszek Miśki SDB and Stanisław Ormiński. In 2009, another series of publications was released: Studies and source materials under the auspices of the Salesian Archive of the Province of Piła. So far, there have been two publications containing materials from the symposia in Aleksandrów Kujawski and Szczecin. A new series was also created – Bibliographic Series under the auspices of ASIP.
EN
The paper focuses on the sectoral disparities of the link between changes in labour productivity and employment changes. It presents tendencies and features of the labour productivity dynamics in three sectors of the polish economy. Labour productivity is one of the type of productivity which is mostly used for evaluating economic performance. Labour productivity growth is computed as gross valued added at constant prices divided by thousands of hours worked (in terms of the number of employees in total economy).
EN
The purpose of the paper is to identify the dynamics and structure of employment transformations in Poland post accession to the European Union. The fundamental component of the paper is the analysis of the changes in economic activity and in employment structure. In the whole period included in the analysis (from 1999 to 2010) there existed a clear, positive relationship between changes in the structure of production and changes in structure of employment in Polish economy. The highest labour absorptiveness of labour resources (expressed both in absolute units and in dynamics measures) that was typical of the sectors and spheres of the lowest rates of labour productiveness growth i.e. market and non-market services), was a characteristic feature of Polish economy in the studied period
PL
W artykule uwagę skoncentrowano na badaniu zależności pomiędzy wzrostem gospodarczym, zmianami popytu na pracę, produktywnością pracy i kosztami pracy w krajach Unii Europejskiej. Do grupy krajów, w których niskie stopy wzrostu gospodarczego (0,2%-0,6%) spowodowały wyraźne wzrosty zatrudnienia, należą w szczególności: Luksemburg, Wielka Brytania, Niemcy, Austria. Przyrosty całkowitych kosztów pracy w krajach transformujących swoje gospodarki są istotnie większe od przyrostów wydajności pracy. Dekompozycja kosztów pracy wskazuje, że koszty płacowe miały większy wpływ na całkowite koszty pracy niż klin podatkowy.
EN
In this paper, focuses on EU member countries, we investigated the relationship between the variables – real GDP growth rate, changes in labour demand, labour productivity and labour costs. The group of countries where low rates of economic growth (0.2%-0.6%) resulted in significant increases in employment are, in particular Luxembourg, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria. Increase of total labor costs in transition economies are significantly higher than growth in labour productivity. Decomposition of labor costs indicates that wage and salaries costs have a greater impact on total labour costs than the tax wedge.
EN
The strike of students in Łódź which took place in days 21. 01 -18. 02. 1981, was one of the most important events called „the carnival of Solidarity”. As result of the protest action and the negotiation with the government commission became registered Independent Students′ Association which had only several months of the legal activity, because after the introduction of the war-state as the first organization became solved by authorities. During the strike Salesians from Student's Pastoral Community ,,Węzeł” patronized pastoral ministry over protesting young people. In the elaboration was represented their commitment. One presented also editions of sources of documents which hitherto nowhere were published.
EN
The history of the parish in Kaława is connected with the history of the Cistercian monastery in Paradyż. In the second half of the 13th century, the church dedicated to St Nicolaus was built in this village; for the first time this church is mentioned in Liber beneficiorum of 1510. It is probable that it was then that the parish was established. In the Reformation period, the church along with the parish was taken over by Protestants; however, in 1596 it was returned to Catholics. From then onwards, the Cistercians from Paradyż were parish priests in this parish. During the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648), the Brandenburg and Swedish armies invaded the abbey and its villages. During the Swedish Deluge in 1655, the church in Kaława was looted and burnt. At the request of the then Paradyż Abbot Edmund Zagorow, the church was rebuilt and opened for the faithful in 1660. However, this church was also destroyed in a fire in 1733. It was rebuilt again by Abbot Józef Gorczyński. The presented Liber Copulatorum of the years 1689-1759 is the oldest surviving parish book in the archive of the parish in Kaława; it is included in the folder ‘The fragments of the old registers of the parish of Kaława’. The publishers hope this edition will contribute to further research on the history of the Catholic parishes in the deanery of Pszczew in the early modern times and the history of the Cistercian abbey in Paradyż.
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