Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 9

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
PL
The purpose of this article is to explain why the communities of the Przeworsk and Wielbark cultures occupying Wielkopolska in the broadly-defined Roman period used two different types of cremation urns for burying their dead. The paper provides a description of both types of urns. Type I comprises thin walled, carefully made and burnished vase shaped vessels and situlas. Type II groups carefully made vessels with rough or roughened outside surface: pots, vase-shaped vessels and even cups. This paper provides an overview of previous ideas and interpretations of the phenomenon and examines the construction, grave goods and location of selected graves from two cemeteries of the Przeworsk and Wielbark cultures in Wielkopolska: Kuny and Kowalewko. A hypothesis explaining the presence of two urn types at that time in Wielkopolska is then proposed along with some research postulates and questions that will enable and guide further discussion on this intriguing issue.
PL
The aim of this article is to present issues concerning the presence of so called situlas (pottery vessels, no bronze) in Wielbark culture inventories from Wielkopolska. These vessels are very rare within cemeteries and settlements as well. And until now the criteria of such spatial distribution have remained unknown. In this paper so called situlas from Wielkopolska will be characterised, particularly in the context of their deposition in individual graves and within the necropolises, as well as within settlements. Further parts of this article deal with research problems connected with the role and meaning of so called situlas in Wielbark culture burial rite in Wielkopolska, in particular in the light of anthropological analysis results. The paper also presents the hypothesis explaining sparsity of so called situlas occurrence and very specific localisation of these vessels in the area of Wielkopolska. At the end of the article research demands and questions will be presented. They will enable and give direction for further discussion on the compelling issue of phenomenon of so called situlas of full spatial and chronological aspects of their occurrence.
EN
This article presents the hypothesis concerning the practicing of ritual eating of dead bodies of family members by people of Wielbark culture in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) in the Roman Period. Such practices are called as endocannibalism and this custom is connected very closely with ancestors’ worship. It is an expression of love to a dead family member and an attempt of assimilating his best features. Such a possibility is suggested by archaeological discoveries made at Wielbark culture cemeteries in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). Endocannibalism was noticed in the past, but is also recorded in modern times.
PL
The paper is an attempt to present a model of an attitude towards strangers: getting to know, tolerating, accepting, and finally assimilating them, in terms of funeral rites, and thus of different religion. Such is a case manifested by an appearance of bustum type graves within the Przeworsk culture cemeteries in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) in the Roman Iron Age.
EN
Rescue archaeological excavations on the construction of the town of Mogilno ring road, financed by STRABAG Ltd. company, were held between March, 23 and September, 30, 2011, by Archaeological Research Services “THOR” from Niechanowo. The works were conducted by mgr Piotr Pachulski and mgr Robert Prawniczak. As a result of the conducted supervision on dehumusing of the investment area 3 yet unknown archaeological sites were discovered. All of them were located on plots in Wiecanowo village and were given the numbers: 23, 24 and 25. On site 23, on the area of 52 are there were discovered a occupational layer and 45 archaeological features, mostly dated on early bronze age (Trzciniec horizon). Singular Neolithic relics as well as of Roman period and modern period were also registered. On site 24 on the area of 30,5 ares the presence of 30 archaeological features mainly dated on early bronze age (Trzciniec horizon) was found. Beside those a few Lusatian Culture, late medieval and modern period artefacts. On site 25 on the area of 158,5 are the presence of settlement relics of vast chronological range was stated. The origin of the relics varied from Neolithic period (Linear Band Pottery Culture, Late Band Pottery Culture, Funnelbeaker Culture, Globular Amphora Culture) through bronze and early iron age (Lusatian Culture), Roman period (Przeworsk Culture), to late medieval and modern period – skeleton cemetery. Gathered antique materials are being processed right now and the results will be presented in a monograph form.
PL
Archeologiczne badania ratownicze związane z budową obwodnicy miasta Mogilna, finansowane ze środków firmy STRABAG sp. z o.o., były prowadzone w okresie od 23 marca do 30 września 2011 roku przez Archeologiczną Pracownię Badawczą „THOR” z Niechanowa. Całością prac kierowali mgr Piotr Pachulski oraz mgr Robert Prawniczak. W wyniku przeprowadzonego nadzoru nad odhumusowaniem pasa inwestycji odkryto 3 nieznane dotąd stanowiska archeologiczne. Wszystkie zlokalizowane na gruntach wsi Wiecanowo, gdzie otrzymały nr: 23, 24 i 25. Na stanowisku nr 23, na powierzchni 52 arów odkryto warstwę kulturową oraz 45 obiektów archeologicznych datowanych przeważnie na wczesną epokę brązu (horyzont trzciniecki). Zarejestrowano również nieliczne relikty z okresu neolitu, wpływów rzymskich i nowożytności. Na stanowisku nr 24 na powierzchni 30,5 ara stwierdzono obecność 30 obiektów archeologicznych datowanych głównie na wczesną epokę brązu (horyzont trzciniecki). Ponadto natrafiono także na nieliczne występujące w warstwie doczyszczania zabytki kultury łużyckiej, z okresu późnośredniowiecznego i nowożytnego. Na stanowisku nr 25 na powierzchni 158,5 ara stwierdzono występowanie reliktów osadniczych o szerokiej rozpiętości chronologicznej od okresu neolitu (kultura ceramiki wstęgowej rytej, kultura późnej ceramiki wstęgowej, kultury pucharów lejkowatych, kultury amfor kulistych), przez epokę brązu i wczesną epokę żelaza (kultura łużycka), okres wpływów rzymskich (kultura przeworska), po późne średniowiecze i okres nowożytny. Pozyskany w trakcie niniejszych prac ratowniczych materiał zabytkowy jest obecnie opracowywany, a otrzymane wyniki zostaną przedstawione w formie monografii.
EN
The tile fragment was found on a near-grange area, located ca 150m west of National motorway No. 1 connecting Toruń and Włocławek, north of Brudnowo village housings. The described tile (Fig. 1) with textil mark was found in clearing layer of research trench, which made it dated for the period of the 16th-17th century. On rough interior surface of malar tile (of 0,6- 0,9cm thickness), together with finger grooves and partially smoothened hand signs there remained the marks of a thick textil. The dimensions of the sample are 53 x 80mm. the fabric structure: fabric weave 1/1, type 1, quality IV. Tile negative, yarn partially deplied; tile without visible signs of use. Wet – as one can suppose – cloth facilitated proper location and pushing ceramic stuff to the template, thanks to which a deep and vivid floral sculpture was obtained. Not much, or actually noting is known about the stuff the textil is made of, although sharp edges of single fibres may give us a hint that rather floral material was used, probably linen. Thin fibre (0,016mm) were used to prepare dextrogyrate yarn in both thread systems (ZZ), which are warp (O) and weft (W). On present stage of research the fabric marks – and other “manufacturing signs” – can in no way be a diagnosis element for dating the tiles, although they bring new data into textile source basis.
PL
Ułamek kafla został znaleziony na terenie przyfolwarcznym, zlokalizowanym około 150 m na zachód od drogi nr 1 łączącej Włocławek i Toruń, na północ od zabudowań wsi Brudnowo. Omawiany kafel z odciskiem tkaniny pochodził z warstwy doczyszczania wykopu badawczego, co zdecydowało o ogólnym datowaniu w przedziale XVI i XVII w. Na wewnętrznej, nierównej powierzchni wewnętrznej lica kafla (o grubości 0,6 – 0,9 cm), z zagłębieniami palcowymi i częściowo zagładzonymi śladami dłoni - zachowały się odciski grubej tkaniny. Wymiary próbki: 53 x 80 mm. Budowa tkaniny: splot płócienny 1/1, typ 1 (J. Maik 1988, s. 29, 62-65), gatunek IV. Negatyw płytki, przędza częściowo rozwłókniona (?); kafel bez wyraźnych śladów użytkowania? Wilgotna – jak wolno przypuszczać - szmatka ułatwiła właściwe rozmieszczenie i dopchanie masy ceramicznej do matrycy, dzięki czemu uzyskano głęboki i wyrazisty relief roślinny. Niewiele, a właściwie nic nie wiadomo o surowcu, acz ostre krawędzie pojedynczych włókien stanowią przesłankę wykorzystania tutaj raczej surowca roślinnego, może lnu. Z cienkich włókien (0,016 mm) przygotowano przędzę prawoskrętną w obydwóch systemach nici (ZZ), tzn. osnowowych (O) i wątkowych (W). Na obecnym etapie badań, w żaden sposób odciski tkanin - obok innych „śladów produkcyjnych” - nie mogą być diagnostycznym elementem datowania kafli, acz wnoszą nowe dane do włókienniczej bazy źródłowej.
PL
Did Everybody in Gniezno Ice-Skate? Ice Skates from the Settlement Targowisko in Gniezno – on the Means of Their Use in the Middle Ages and Not Only When writing the present article, the question was posed how common the use of ice skates had been in the period of the Middle Ages, confirmed in the literature on the subject by numerous references and information.It has been assumed that the issue is very complex. On the one hand, ice-skating was treated cursorily – any object made of bone whose shape resembled a “boat” must have been an ice-skate – on the other hand, the common use of skates found no confirmation in interdisciplinary studies. Meanwhile, our micro- and macroscopic analyses of the finds originating from the settlement in Gniezno called Targowisko, supported in full the conjecture that, in very wet places, surrounded by water, “ice-skating”, both as a means of transportation and as a form of recreation (!) was a part of everyday life. Moreover, a definite scheme of research has been developed which can be applied to all artefacts designated as ice skates; in all periods of history. Simultaneously, during our research, there arose many new questions which shall be answered, we hope, as a result of further analyses and related considerations. They are very intriguing questions as they concern man.
PL
This article presents the research related to identifying the actual function of an object made of deer bones excavated in Kujawy, in the village of Brzezie (site 4). It was discovered in the remains of a partly dug building, most probably residential, dated back to the 12th – 13th centuries. Originally, the historic object in question was identified as an ancient percussion instrument. However, in the course of microscopic tests and experiments this interpretation was rejected. It was stated that the artefact could not have served to clean animals’ skins, either. Finally, in the course of research procedures, it was agreed that it was a tool for decorating clay vessels.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.