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1

THE PATTERNS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND CITIZENS VIA THE INTERNET

100%
Przybylska A.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2007
|
issue 3(186)
85-114
EN
Reliable information and two-way communication are crucial for building democracy from the bottom-up. As the Internet access expands and municipal websites proliferate, more attention is given to the scale and scope of actual use of this new medium for communication by local authorities and citizens. In the article it is considered whether the Internet is used firstly, to create more openness in politics, secondly, to involve members of local communities in the political agenda setting as well as discussions on specific local policy issues. The afore-mentioned problems are examined in reference to the results of research conducted in four local communities. The research included analysis of the functionality of municipal websites, in-depth interviews and a survey. There are undisputable advantages of the municipal websites ranging from the availability of first-hand information to convenient methods of informing authorities about issues of concern to the public. However, authorities are rather hesitant to allow free two-way flow of information. Moreover, the opportunity for citizens to be consulted is still underdeveloped irrespective of the interactive tools available. Finally, even the high level of satisfaction with the information received coupled with peoples' trust in government, does not influence their very moderate feeling of political empowerment.
2

THE LEGEND OF ST JANUARIUS AND THE STORY OF TOMMASO MASANIELLO IN THE MIRACLE BY GUSTAW HERLING-GRUDZINSKI

100%
Przybylska A.
Ruch Literacki
|
2007
|
vol. 48
|
issue 6(285)
547-563
EN
Gustaw Herling-Grudzinski's 'The Miracle' shows the Neapolitan celebrations of the feast day of St Januarius (Gennaro) after 1964, ie. when the cult was officially endorsed by the Church. In the story the character of St Januarius is created out of legend and history. The narrator notes some characteristic traits of the saint's cult and looks for their analogies in Polish religious life. His descriptions also include Naples' ethnological background, which is used to explain the roots of the popular rebellion of 1647. Finally, from a selective combination of historical facts he creates a portrait of Masaniella, the leader of the revolt. Herling-Grudzinski's schematic, psychologically hollow characterization makes the seventeenth-century Neapolitan revolutionary both a universal type and a figure open to interpretations in contexts not evoked by the story (eg. Poland's contemporary history).
3

Transformations of Existence, or Ways of Restoring Identity in Andrzej Stasiuk's Fiction (The Walls of Hebron and the White Raven)

100%
Przybylska A.
Ruch Literacki
|
2005
|
vol. 46
|
issue 6(273)
621-632
EN
The 'imprisonment syndrom' is a prominent feature of Andrzej Stasiuk's 'One Night's Story' (from 'The Walls of Hebron and The White Raven'). The main character of the short story serves his prison sentence, the other suffers from debilitating monotony and routine. As their lives are increasingly weighed down by an inescapable sense of confinement, their existence seems to illustrate Hannah Arendt's philosophical truth: what enslaves me also creates me. They accept their enslavement (as it is easier to stay in prison than to stand up to the world) or escape into bodily physicality (the identity of their bodies allows them a distinctness from the mainstream of life) and create their own conventions and rites. Accustomed to repetition, they live on the margins of society. There they build their hermetically closed worlds which confer them their identity. Exposed and out of their depth, they fall back on a mythic frame of reference, which appears to justify their existence. They incorporate the idea of incompleteness; their fate is an example of the privatization of lives, the effect of existential 'tinkering' (or the application of Levi-Strauss' bricolage). They live their lives between the poles of selfdefinition, autocreation and the evasion of responsibility.
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