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Different names of frost and ice-covered surfaces in Belorussian dialects of the areas around Grodno

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Ostrowski B.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

2005

vol. 29

147-158

This publication finishes the series of articles on meteorological terminology in Belorussian dialects around Grodno. The application of a comparative method, taking into consideration both structural and semantic aspects, allowed the author to systematize and, in some cases, compare terms of wide comprehension, the extent of lexemes, and also, ascertain their origin provenience which led to recognizing and merging them into a certain chronological part of vocabulary. Thinking about the oldest one, it is possible to relate the words that have a wide, all - Slav extent of using. They are believed to create the common heritage of proto-Slavonic (or even proto-Indo-European) epoch thanks to the words such as: 'maroz' (frost), 'led, galaled' , galaledzitsa' (glaze) and 'gruda' (frozen ground) and probably 'sharesh' (glazed frost). It is important to say that these words describe the most elementary ideas and notions. In this group of words there is one specific example with East-Slavonic extent while its Belorussian continuant (feminine 'galashchaka: galashchoka' is just used in the area of Grodno. The other group is created by the words with the proto-Slavonic origin of stem, however, they came into being after the collapse of language community based on the characteristic word - formation in the certain language area. They could also appear owing to some appropriate specific phonetic transformations. In this group there can be put some local derivates such as: 'marazitsko, marazyanka' (in relation to commonly used 'maroz'), 'zimnik, padzimak, prizimak' (frost) - based on proto-Slavonic stem *zim-, 'galyaledzikha' (glaze) - with suf. '-ikha' contrary to 'galaled, galaledzitsa' in literary style - 'ablivaka' (glaze), and probaly 'rapa' ,'<*khrapa' (frozen ground). Additionally, to this group belong the words which admittedly have the same structural synonyms in cognate Slavonic languages or their dialects, but with the new semasiology. The clear example of this fact is the word 'shroni' originated from Grodno with the meaning: 'the pieces of ice'. It illustrates the opposition to the former proto-Slavonic meaning 'hoar - frost'. Another example is 'pradushina' (ice - hole). The other substantial example is 'dzirny' (frozen mud). The third and the least numerous group consists of the words adopted from Polish language or changed by the influence of Polish phonetic system, eg.: 'shroni, slizgota, slizgavitsa' (glaze), 'sopli' (icicles)', 'zembits' (frozen) and also possibly 'tryskuts' (frost) and 'sharesh' (glazed frost).

NAMES OF DROUGHT AND HOT WEATHER AND THE TERMINOLOGY OF THE WIND IN THE BELARUS FOLK SPEECH IN THE GRODNO REGION

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Ostrowski B.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

2004

vol. 28

97-107

Different names of drought and torrid and terminology of wind in Belorussian dialects of the areas around Grodno are discussed. In the article some lexical features of meteorological terminology precipitation such as 'drought', 'torrid' are considered with the attention to 'sultry weather' and 'muggy air'. The second part is focused on analysis of different kinds of winds. In this group there are the words that come from proto-Slavonic language and a lot of local dialectal derivatives although there are only few adopted words.

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2 Acta Baltico-Slavica

1 2005

1 2004

2 Ostrowski B.

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Different names of frost and ice-covered surfaces in Belorussian dialects of the areas around Grodno

NAMES OF DROUGHT AND HOT WEATHER AND THE TERMINOLOGY OF THE WIND IN THE BELARUS FOLK SPEECH IN THE GRODNO REGION