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1

Motivational and cognitive antecedents of political beliefs

100%
Kossowska M.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2006
|
vol. 37
|
issue 3
133144
EN
The study explores the relationship between need for closure, cognitive conservatism and political beliefs. It was hypothesized that need for closure as well as cognitive conservatism treated as a formal aspect of political beliefs could manifest in different ideology content: both left-wing and right-wing beliefs. However, the results of two different studies do not confirm the above expectations: need for closure and cognitive conservatism are associated with right-wing beliefs and this relationship is linear. In addition, the results show that the cognitive conservatism mediates the influence of need for closure on political beliefs. The implications of these findings for the concept of cognitive conservatism as formal characteristics of political beliefs are discussed.
2

The role of cognitive load and memory capacity in negative priming

100%
Kossowska M.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2007
|
vol. 38
|
issue 1
15-23
EN
The following hypotheses were tested in two consecutive experiments: first, that individual differences in the amount of cognitive resources possible to allocate to an activity or process correspond to individual differences in negative priming effect, and second, that negative priming is sensitive to cognitive load. The results suggest that the amount of negative priming effect results from the allocation of cognitive resources and that individual differences in cognitive capacity is related to the ability to efficiently handle irrelevant information. Additionally, the results support the assumptions that cognitive load decreases the negative priming effect.
3

THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE AND PERCEPTUAL LOAD ON THE STRENGTH OF INHIBITION

100%
Kossowska M.
Psychological Studies
|
2004
|
vol. 42
|
issue 4
53-64
EN
The aim of two experiments (N = 237) was to investigate whether: 1. cognitive inhibition is sensitive to cognitive and perceptual load, and 2. individual differences in cognitive capacity correspond to individual differences in cognitive inhibition. The results support the assumptions that cognitive load and difficulty of selection decrease the cognitive inhibition. Additionally, the results suggest that the cognitive inhibition results from allocation of cognitive resources and that individual differences in cognitive capacity are related to the ability to efficiently handle irrelevant information.
4
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Ekonomiczna efektywność ośrodka jeździeckiego na terenach wiejskich

63%
Sobolewska A., Kossowska M.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
|
2006
|
vol. 15
EN
A horse riding centre with 13 owned and 17 boarded horses made in 2005 a profit of 60,390 PLN. In winter costs were higher than revenues. In summer, the reverse was true. The difference between the seasons was considerable. The purchases of forage and employment of a horse riding instructor were the largest cost components.
5

Epistemic motivation, negative emotional arousal and predecisional information processing

63%
Kossowska M., Wichary S.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2007
|
vol. 38
|
issue 2
88-98
EN
It has been demonstrated that negative emotional arousal reduces the amount of information used in judgment tasks. We hypothesize that it should similarly increase the tendency to simplify predecisional information processing in a multiattribute choice task, which could be described as a use of a simple strategy. However, it is possible that the motivation to avoid cognitive closure modifies the relation between negative emotional arousal and the simplification of information processing, and results in the use of complex decision strategies. The results obtained in two consecutive experiments support both hypotheses: under arousal participants use simple decision strategies to a greater extent. Moreover, under both negative emotional arousal and motivation to avoid cognitive closure they tend to use more complex decision rules.
6

TWO ROUTES TO PERSUASION OR JUST ONE ROUTE? CHANGE OF ATTITUDES TOWARD THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTIONS

51%
Ziaja J., Plaskocinski A., Kossowska M.
Psychological Studies
|
2007
|
vol. 45
|
issue 3
81-91
EN
Current research on persuasion is dominated by two dual-process theories: the elaboration likelihood model and the heuristic-systematic model. According to them, persuasion can be accomplished via two distinct routes. Lately, there has appeared an alternative approach - the unimodel, which views persuasion phenomena in terms of a single process. The aim of the experiment was an attempt to verify both models. The experimental design included all the variables recognized as important from the perspective of both approaches (involvement, source expertise, source information length, argument quality, argument length, evidence appearance order). The research concerned attitudes toward the European Parliament election and was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, attitudes toward the elections were measured. In the target experiment, the key manipulations were made and the attitudes and the involvement were measured. The analyses showed, that low involvement subjects were influenced by argument strength, when the arguments were easy to elaborate. The results provide a support for the unimodel's notions.
7

DECISION MAKING STRATEGIES AND WORKING MEMORY

39%
Wichary S., Orzechowski J., Kossowska M., Markovic J., Slifierz S., Bukowski M.
Psychological Studies
|
2005
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1
97-102
EN
The authors investigated whether capacity for short term information storage influences the complexity of the choice process. To this end a study was conducted where participants 1) had to memorize a string of digits and then recognize a target digit which was either present or absent in the string (working memory (WM) task) and 2) had to choose one of four alternatives described on six dimensions (multi-attribute choice task). Subjects who decided longer and acquired more information before the decision were also more correct on the WM task, especially in the more demanding condition of exhaustive search. Additionally, for those subjects with the higher tendency to search pre-decisional information selectively the performance on WM task deteriorated more slowly with increasing memory load. These results point to the inverse relationship between the capacity to store information for a short time and the complexity of the process of decision making.
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