Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 28

first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last
Prawo
|
2013
|
issue 315/2
51 - 73
EN
The organization and the treatment of the mentally ill, presented in this publication, confined to the institutions which were managed by provincial government, which was the most important organ of the provincial parliament (Provinzial-Landtag). This publication presents the situation of institutions for the insane, which were created after the establishment of the Second German Empire in 1871. The result of this event was the administrative reform of the 1870s. It was carried out also at the provincial level, that is why institutions for the insane, which since the mid-1820s were part of the assets of the local government, entered into a new organizational forms. Until then they had been managed by special, separate committees for each institution. From then on, on the basis of the provincial ordination of 1875, they were to be subject to the central constituencies in the province of Silesia. There was a national administrator (starosta) and provincial department (Provinzial-Ausschuß), and these modern executive bodies improved the activities of therapeutics for the mentally ill. One should remember the importance of psychiatry in Silesia, where Wroclaw School of Carl Wernicke was established in this period, from which the whole modern psychiatry emerged, and the heads of hospital departments and the doctors of psychiatric hospitals were the most important psychiatrists who influenced the science to the present times (eg Clemens Neisser, Emil Kraepelin, Emil Sioli, Ewald Hecker, Carl Kahlbaum and Alois Alzheimer). Upper time limit of this publication is related to the organizational changes, when all provincial institutions for the insane were standardized.
EN
The author examines one of the notorious elements of Nazi criminal law, i.e. castration of sexual offenders introduced in 1933. The issue is analysed in the context of documents of the Provizialverband Niederschlesien, preserved in the State Archives in Wrocław, which include fi les entitled Kastration der Sexualverbrecher. The paper combines an analysis — carried out from the point of view of the legal dogma — of Third Reich laws (amended Articles 42k and 226a of the StGB) with the literature on the subject. However, the author’s main objective is to discuss the surviving archive documents from Silesia.
EN
Teza/cel artykułu – Celem artykułu jest ukazanie wybranych przemian, jakie zachodzą w symbolice bibliotek. Są one dostrzegalne zarówno w organizacji instytucji, jak również w jej materialnej obudowie – formie architektonicznej. Jednym ze wskaźników konotujących nowe, odmienne od tradycyjnych symboliczne treści, są konstrukcje wertykalne bibliotek. Metody badań – Obie formuły posiadały cechę wspólną: wieże były wyizolowane z lokalnego środowiska społecznego, dostępne zaledwie dla wybranych. Wyniki i wnioski – We współczesnych realizacjach i projektach wykorzystuje się inną symbolikę wertykalności. Biblioteka traci aurę transcendencji, tajemniczości i spoiwa dwóch światów: materii i ducha, czego wieża bywała atrybutem przez wieki. Obecnie wieża to zazwyczaj ludna część przestrzeni społecznej (centrum cywilizacyjne, kulturowe), a jej archetypiczność ma być magnesem wabiącym klientów do biblioteki. W ten sposób następuje wymiana symbolu. Staje się on namacalny, „swój”, można go zagospodarować wedle potrzeb chwili. Nadal jednak realizuje ludzką potrzebę prestiżu, tyle że świątynię zastąpił produkt.
Prawo
|
2015
|
issue 319
49 - 83
EN
The author presents the history of the Frei von Dehrn family, which lived in Hesse from the early Middle Ages until the first half of the 18th century. The family derived its origins from a father enigmatic knight, Dietger of Dehrn (10th century), ancestor also of the chivalrous family of Der living in Meissen, Silesia and Poland (the last two lines surviving to this day) and the Austrian family of von Puchheim (which died out in the 18th century). Paradoxically, although the Frei von Dehrn family belonged to the German free knighthood class, it joined the service of the Counts of Nassau, who ruled part of Hesse. However, this is only seemingly a contradiction, because in some estates a family could be subordinated directly to the emperor and in others its liege lords were the rulers of the country in which it lived. This subordination to the von Nassau family lasted for hundreds of years and passed from one line of the family to another. The family itself contributed to the extinction of its main line by murdering the last heir, but the takeover of leadership by a younger line did not mean the loss of the Frei von Dehrns’ political stature, as they assumed the highest office in the county, that of the Amtmann, and then in the duchy, when the von Nassau-Diez family became the von Nassau-Oranje family, and from that moment until their extinction in the 18th century the Frei von Dehrns served the rulers of the Netherlands, sovereigns of Hesse-Nassau.
Prawo
|
2019
|
issue 328
41 - 65
EN
The author examines the origins of ducal rule in Pomerania, finding them in Świętopełk, the son of Mieszko I. He rejects the nineteenth-century concept of the origins liked a duke allegedly baptised by St. Adalbert. He supports the view of those who acknowledge the non-existence of statehood before Mieszko I’s conquest. Pomerania was a region under imperial rule and any criticism of Edward Rymar’s views testifies to an insufficient knowledge of history and law. A debate over the issue will not be productive. Pomerania is a Conradian “heart of darkness”, but the principles of patrimonial monarchy unequivocally settle the most important questions. For a historian of political systems and law, J.M. Piskorski’s dilemma concerning the number of ducal dynasties in Pomerania is totally incomprehensible. Supreme rulers cannot be mixed with some minor magnates. From Mieszko I to Bogusław XIV and Mszczuj II (not forgetting the meanders of the return to power of the latter’s ancestors) the region was ruled by one dynasty. Drawing any legal conclusions (titles) from the information provided by Gallus is a mistake. Creating a history out of some “ipse dux”, for example, in the form of a duke from a competing dynasty, or, worse still, Warcisław I’s alleged father, when Gallus dowa not even mention the name of that “ipse dux”, can lead to the only conclusion that this was a minor figure, which, after all J. Dowiat demonstrated already in 1954. This may even have been Świętobor II’s count palatine, who deposed the ruler, which forced Bolesław III the Wrymouth to intervene. There was just one dynasty.
DE
Der Autor stellt den Ursprung der herzoglichen Macht in Pommern vor, die er von Suatopolk, Sohn von Mieszko I. ableitet. Er lehnt die aus dem 19. Jahrhundert stammende Idee ihrer Abstammung von einem angeblichen Herzog ab, der angeblich von dem hl. Adalbert getauft wurde. Denn Recht haben diejenigen, die das Nichtbestehen der staatlichen Formen vor der Eroberung durch Mieszko I. anerkennen. Pommern unterlag kaiserlicher Macht, alle Kritik Edward Rymars zeugt von dem Stand des rechtshistorischen Wissens der Gelehrten. Pommern ist Conrads „Kern der Finsternis“, aber die Grundsätze der Struktur der patrimonialen Monarchie entscheiden eindeutig über die wichtigsten Fragen. Für einen Historiker für Verfassung und Recht ist das Dilema von J.M. Piskorski über die Zahl der herzoglichen Dynastien in Pommern völlig unverständlich. Die höhere Macht sollte mit irgendwelchen kleinen Machthabern nicht vermischt werden. Von Mieszko I. bis Boguslaus XIV. und Mestwin II. regierte eine Dynastie. Das Vorbringen irgendwelcher rechtlicher (Titulatur) Schlüsse aus den Informationen des Gallus ist ein Missverständnis. Die Schaffung der Geschichte nach einem „ipse dux” z. B. in Gestalt eines Herzogs einer konkurrierenden Dynastie oder sogar eines angeblichen Vaters des Wartislaw I., wobei Gallus nicht einmal den Vornamen dieses „ipse dux” genannt hat, kann nur zu dem Schluss führen, dass es eine Gestalt vom zweiten Plan gewesen war, was doch schon bei J. Dowiat in 1954 zu sehen war. Es könnte sogar ein Pallatin von Swantibor II. sein, der ihn stürzte, was Bolesław III. Schiefmund zu einer Intervention zwang. Es gab nur eine Dynastie.
Prawo
|
2016
|
issue 321
73-113
EN
For the third time the author tackles the problem of the Dern-Dera family, and once again he corrects himself, this time presenting his final position. The article is devoted to the house of Meissen of the Dera family. The author demonstrates that the family did not come from Diera but in the three previous generations referred to itself as of Zehren and, earlier still, de Misna. Its true founder was Hoierus de Misna (floruit 1190–1205). With regard to the family’s possible roots in Hesse, it may have come from Gerhard of Dern (ca 1098), who was the same man as Gerhard of Hesse, a ministerialis of the Margraves of Meissen (floruit 1129–1149). Thus it seems that Johannes Sinapius’ concept that the Dera family came from the Dern family of Hesse can be proven.
DE
Der Autor beschäftigt sich zum dritten Mal mit dem Thema der Familie Dern-Der und konnte sich wieder verbessern. Diesmal präsentiert er seinen endgültigen wissenschaftlichen Standpunkt. Gegenstand dieses Artikels ist die Bearbeitung des bisher nicht erforschten Hauses Meißen der Familie Der. Es wurde bewiesen, dass diese Familie nicht aus Diera stammte, sondern in den drei früheren Generationen sich als von Zehren und noch früher reichend, als de Misna zeichnete. Ihr tatsächlicher Gründer war Hoierus de Misna (floruit 1190–1205). Bezüglich der Herkunft der Familie aus Hessen kann sie mit Wahrscheinlichkeit von dem Gerhard de Dern (ca. 1098) abgeleitet werden, der mit Gerhard von Hessen, dem Ministerial der Meißener Markgrafen (floruit 1129–1149) identisch war. So erscheint das Konzept von Johannes Sinapius, die Familie Der stamme von den hessischen Der ab, als nachweisbar.
EN
Article describes debates and political resolutions that result from them and took place during deliberations of the most important council body on Lower Silesia, which was provincial sejm (Provinziallandtag) in a period of Weimar republic. Course of these provincial sejms when political resolutions were adopted is talked over in this article. Main theme is analysis of deliberation’s course with the benefit of shorthand notes of clerks of the court. Thanks to the notes it is possible to acquaint oneself with political views of main political groups. The debates were often demagogic, especially these of NSDAP’s KPD’s parliamentary representatives. These political groups became gravediggers of Weimar republic. Article shows how deepened economic crisis influenced political views of parliamentary representatives, who belonged to political groups of the interwar years.
Prawo
|
2017
|
issue 324
89-113
EN
The author presents the chivalric family of Wierzbna of the Jastrzębiec coat of arms, drawing on the surviving medieval court registers. The available court registers from the 14th and 15th centuries make it possible to imagine the functioning of medieval chivalry in legal terms. The picture presented by the author fully corresponds generalisations, to the available information about other chivalric families, an assertion backed by over 700 pages of the author’s analyses of similar cases in courts of the provinces of Małopolska, Wielkopolska or Kujawy and Łęczyca. The court registers from Małopolska include a variety of judgements in property, personal or criminal matters. We find here disputes over estate division, debt settlement, seeking justice after assaults, scuffles or murders. There are many cases concerning debt, some involving Jewish bankers, problems with guarantees etc. The cases involve entire families, sons sue their fathers and there are also cases involving women, who became legitimate parties in legal relations and who pursued their claims to e.g. dowry and bridewealth. This affected particularly Tomek of Karwin, who had six daughters of marriageable age and no male heir, as a result of which his estates passed to the House of Masłowski of the Wieniawa coat of arms.
DE
Der Verfasser stellt die von ihm gewählte ritterliche Familie Wierzbna, des Wappens Jarzębiec auf Grund der erhaltenen mittelalterlichen Gerichtsakten dar. Die Gerichtsbücher aus dem 14. und 15. Jahrhundert erlauben, sich ein Bild davon zu machen, wie das mittelalterliche Rittertum im Rechtsverkehr funktionierte. Die analysierten Quellen bringen Informationen, die auch andere ritterliche Familien betreffen. Diese Feststellung war nach mehr als 700 Seiten von Analysen ähnlicher Entscheidungen der Gerichte Kleinpolens, Großpolens oder von Kujawien--Lentschütz möglich. In den Gerichtsbüchern Kleinpolens befinden sich zahlreiche Entscheidungen in Vermögens-, Personen- und Strafsachen. Sie sprechen über Streitigkeiten betreffend Vermögensteilung, Schuldenabrechnung, Suche nach Gerechtigkeit nach Überfällen, Schlägereien oder nach Todschlag. Es treten jüdische Bankiersleute oder Probleme mit Bürgschaften auf. Vor Gericht gehen ganze Familien, Söhne beklagen die Väter, oft sehen wir Frauen, manchmal auch selbständig, als Parteien in Gerichtssachen, die ihre Rechte z. B. auf Mitgift und Brautpreis geltend machen. Insbesondere war dadurch ein gewisser Tomek aus Karwin betroffen, der sechs Töchter zu verheiraten und keinen männlichen Erben hatte. Infolge dessen gingen seine Güter auf die Familie Masłowski des Wappens Wieniawa über.
EN
The work concerns the history of two lines of the Silesian House of the Dyherrn (Dyhrn). It is preceded by a short story of the whole family. The lines of the family are mentioned in a very few existing source materials. The tombstones in the church in Grodowiec (district of Polkowice), which are preserved till today, are the most important. The author presents the characteristics of the people from these ancestral lines, who passed away  in the 16th (relatively between the 16th and 17th) century. The work is completed by the drawings of tombstones.
PL
Praca dotyczy historii dwóch linii śląskiego rodu von Dyherrn (Dyhrn). Poprzedza ją krótka historia całego rodu. Podane w tytule linie rodu są dotknięte niewielką liczbą zachowanych źródeł, a do tych najważniejszych należą zachowane do dziś nagrobki w kościele w Grodowcu (powiat Polkowice). Autor przedstawia charakterystykę postaci z tych linii rodowych, które w XVI w., względnie na przełomie XVI i XVII w., wymarły. Pracę uzupełniają rysunki nagrobków.
Prawo
|
2014
|
issue 316/2
65 - 92
EN
The author presents the origin of the famous Silesian noble family Dyherrn (Dyhrn). He analyzes previously known concepts of origins of this family from Saxony and Rhineland, but supports the best proven concept of family origin from Hesse, namely from its part called Nassau. He derives the family from nowadays the fairly hypothetical figure — pious knight Dietger (Dietgerus) from the small town Dehrn (now part of the city Runkel in the district Limburg-Weilburg). This is a legal history and a genealogical study in which the latter analysis was shown against the background of the family position in the structures of medieval chivalry (free knighthood of Reich and ministeriales).
Prawo
|
2018
|
issue 325
91-103
EN
Mikołaj Kornicz Siestrzeniec was one of the best known Polish participants in the Hussite movement. A lot of information about him, mainly in the form of entries in court registers, has survived, which makes it possible to say that Mikołaj Kornicz was a typical child of his era. Drawing on the example of such a figure, a historian of the state and law can study various actions with regard to their lawfulness (or unlawfulness) at the time.
DE
Mikołaj Kornicz Siestrzeniec war einer der am besten bekannten polnischen Teilnehmer der Hussitenbewegung. Es sind viele, ihn betreffende, mit Quellen belegte Informationen erhalten, hauptsächlich Eintragungen in den Gerichtsbüchern. Anhand dieser Überlieferungen kann festgestellt werden, dass Mikołaj Kornicz ein typisches Kind der Epoche gewesen war und ein Staats- und Rechtshistoriker kann am Beispiel dieses Personentypus verschiedene damals rechtmäßige oder auch rechtswidrige Vorgehensweisen untersuchen.
EN
The author shows the medieval village of Konary, whose name indicates that it was a servile village of the Konary castellan of Cracow. However, in the 14th century, it was an “ordinary” castellany run by Mikołaj from Grodzina. The estate in the village was divided by two families: knights from Grodzina village of the Szreniawa coat of arms and those from Koszyce (district of Pilsen) of the Ostoja coat of arms. The article is a description of legal transactions with their participation.
DE
Der Autor zeigt das mittelalterliche Dorf Konary, dessen Name darauf hin- weist, dass es sich um ein Dienstdorf des Krakauer Kastellans von Konary handelte. Im 14. Jahr- hundert war es jedoch selbst eine „übliche“ Kastellanei, die von Mikołaj von Grodzina verwaltet wurde. Die Güter im Dorf wurden von zwei Familien geteilt: Ritter von Grodzina, Wappen Szre- niawa, und andere von Koszyce (Pilsner Kreis), Wappen Ostoja. Im Artikel wird der Rechtsver- kehr mit deren Beteiligung beschrieben.
PL
Autor pokazuje średniowieczną wieś Konary, której nazwa wskazuje, że była to wieś służebna kasztelana konarskiego krakowskiego. Sama była jednak w XIV wieku „zwykłą” kasztelanią, sprawowaną przez Mikołaja z Grodziny. Dobra we wsi dzieliły dwa rody: rycerze z Grodziny herbu Szreniawa i drudzy z Koszyc (pow. pilzeński) herbu Ostoja. Praca stanowi opis obrotu prawnego z ich udziałem.
DE
Der Autor stellt die Begebenheit dar, bei der sich die Entdeckung der rich- tigen Kopie eines mittelalterlichen Dokuments auf das Wissen über die Geschichte auswirkt. Die Familie Rożnów stammte nicht von dem Unterstallmeister Gedka, sondern von seinem unbe- kannten Bruder.
EN
The author presents a situation where the discovery of a correct copy of a medieval document influences our knowledge of history. The Rożnów family descended not from the sub- equerry Gedka, but from his unknown brother.
PL
Autor przedstawił sytuację, w której odnalezienie poprawnej kopii średniowiecznego dokumentu wpływa na naszą wiedzę na temat historii. Ród Rożnów pochodził nie do podkoniuszego Gedki, ale od jego nieznanego brata. 
EN
This article presents some selected issues on the characteristics of graphic marks used by modern libraries as logos that are intended to appeal to the target audience as both a trademark and a symbol of quality. However, in practice, theoretical assumptions and guidelines are often not taken into account. This is often the case in a situation where there are many similar institutions operating on the market and offering similar services. Libraries are a good example of this phenomenon. Logos of libraries (mainly those of national and public libraries) tend to copycat whatever the going trend is in the design of graphic signs, but also in common errors, and repeated patterns. Similarities in form and substance behind a logo blur the identity of a given library. In conclusion, the author postulates to increase the quality and the diversity of new logos to be used in various non-profit institutions.
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano znaki graficzne współczesnych bibliotek, które są używane w procesie identyfikacji wizualnej. Logo poszeregowano według zaproponowanych przez autora typów, co pozwoliło na wyłonienie najczęstszych tematów podejmowanych przy ich opracowywaniu. Zbytnie podobieństwa powodują kłopoty z określeniem tożsamości biblioteki. Wskazano, że jednym ze środków pozwalających na uniknięcie trudności identyfikacyjnych jest stosowanie abstrakcyjnych znaków graficznych, których kilka egzemplifikacji podano na końcu artykułu.
EN
The article discusses the issue of the oldest tourist guides and similar editions concerning Torun and connected with the publishing market of Torun. The analysis was limited chronologically by the years 1846-1903, where the bottom border was the time of publishing the first book containing some features of a guidebook, and the top border reflects the year of publishing the first guidebook answering all the requirements of this genre in its form and content. The formal and substantive analysis was connected with the comparison of Torun's publications with the model tourist guide, which resulted in showing the evolution of Torun's Baedeker guides. The author proved that the prints of Julius Wernicke, Wegweiser durch Thorn und seine Umgebungen. […] of 1846 and Theodor Körner, Der Führer durch Thorn enthaltend eine historisch-politische Uebersicht [...] of 1847 - hitherto considered Torun's first tourist guides - did not meet all the requirements to be classified as guides. The work of Reinhard Uebrick, Thorn. Illustrierter Fűhrer [...] of 1903 may be called the first monographic guide of Torun. It must be said that less comprehensive information for travelers was included before - in the second half of the 19th century - in guides concerning bigger geographic areas, published by printing houses of John Murray, Theobald Grieben, Joseph Meyers and Karl Baedeker. They also contributed to the formation of this genre in relation to Torun.
|
2016
|
vol. 14
|
issue 3
59-69
EN
The author presents the evolution of the authority established in Prussia in 1824, within the polity boundaries of the country, following the defeat suffered by Prussia in the war with Napoleon. The presentation of Landtag which was functioning in Silesia is the starting point to make a comparison between this institution and others which were established on the parallel basis in other Prussian provinces. Differences and similarities between them are shown.
|
2019
|
vol. 17
|
issue 3
67-88
EN
The author presents the rules of suffrage that were binding in Zweites Reich (The Second Reich), that is the German Empire, during elections to provincial self-government in Prussia and then compares them with the new election law implemented in the Weimar Republic (Weimarer Republik). In this way it is possible to establish the degree of potential changes that influenced the personal composition of provincial parliaments. Upon the analysis of the given lists of deputies it clearly follows that a revolution took place in Germany in November 1918: up to that time the Members of Parliament had represented the elites of the Second Reich, recruiting from, among others, aristocrats, the nobility, state administration officials, municipal elites, high mayors, mayors, other officials of municipal councils and industrialist elites. The majority of these people in Weimar Republic were replaced by party activists, which resulted from the new electoral law.
PL
The situation of medieval knights holding the office of governors – heads of villages – was not exceptional. The Gryfits from Lesser Poland were one of this kind of family. The author has occupied himself with the history of this House for some time, paying attention especially to matters connected with the recognition of the Gryfits and the Houses of Lisowie and Wierzbnowie as Pomeranian princes, and all of them as the second branch of the dynasty ruling in Poland. In this publication, profiles of chosen members of the family, ones who served the office of governors in different contexts, are described. Each of the above-mentioned examples presents a different situation, for instance: when a knight could attain an influential position at the royal court, yet the titular office was burdened with specific circumstances. First he was the plenipotentiary of the governor’s wife, then after the governor’s death (in rather mysterious circumstances), he became the husband to the widow and took over the late Governor’s post. Still, this is – as it seems – the timeless problem of sentiment, faithfulness and betrayal. Thus, succession and transferability of the Governor’s office was also thoroughly discussed.
EN
In the paper, the second period in the history of the functioning of the seat of Provincial Parliament (Sejm) in Wrocław (Breslau) is presented, the work being a continuation of an earlier publication. It concentrates on the circumstances which accompanied the construction of the new seat of the parliament and, accordingly, deals with the purchase of the new plot sited at Piłsudski Street (currently) in Wroc³aw, and also with subsequent moves in the following years, connected with the extension of the infrastructure of Provincial Sejm (Provinziallandtag). The author discusses the circumstances of the disposal of the former seat of the Sejm at Graupenstrasse (at present – Krupnicza Street), as well.
first rewind previous Page / 2 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.