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PL
Celem publikacji jest przedstawienie procesów deinternacjonalizacji w sektorze handlu detalicznego artykułami spożywczymi w Polsce w latach 1990-2016 na gruncie teorii instytucjonalnej. Procesy deinternacjonalizacji zostały opisane w następujących wymiarach: stopień deinternacjonalizacji, czas wejścia, strategia wejścia, format, kraj pochodzenia, czas wyjścia, czas działalności, strategia wyjścia. Badania opierają się na analizie danych wtórnych.
EN
The paper presents the deinternationalisation processes in retailing of the grocery market in Poland in the years 1990-2016 in the perspective of Institutional Theory. Deinternationalisation processes have been described in the following dimensions of foreign entities: level of deinternationalisation, time of enter, entry strategy, home country, time of exit, exit strategy. The study was conducted on the basis of the analysis of secondary data.
RU
Цель статьи – представить процессы деинтернационализации в секторе розничной торговли продуктами питания в Польше в 1990-2016 гг. на основе институциональной теории. Процессы деинтернационализации описали в следующих измерениях: степень деинтернационализации, время входа, стратегия входа, формат, страна происхождения, время выхода, время деятельности, стратегия выхода. Изучение основано на анализе вторичных данных.
EN
Based on quantitative research (size of sample 218) we can recognize several types of organization structure in area of pricing decisions: 1. Managing Director (or Owner) is decider and cooperates with Marketing Department and Finance Department (26% companies). 2. Managing Director (or Owner) is decider and cooperates with Marketing Department (22% companies). 3. Marketing Manager (or Sales Manager) is decider and cooperates with Marketing Department (15% companies). 4. Marketing Manager (or Sales Manager) is decider and cooperates with Marketing Department and Finance Department (7% companies). 5. Managing Director (or Owner) is decider and cooperates with Finance Department (6% companies). 6. Only Owner (4% companies).
EN
The purpose of the paper is describing of the algorism of procedure regarding marketing strategies in normative formulation (with concentration on SMEs) on foreign markets, which make possible achieving market success. To these procedures are included: - creating of company position at home market basing on concentration strategy, - polyphase estimation of the attractiveness of foreign markets, - limited quantity of foreign markets for servicing, - preferring of the entering strategy connected with direct export, - careful selection of trade partner, - building of strong brand on foreign market, - specific segmentation and selection of target market, - standardization of marketing-mix, - wide using of Internet in marketing activity.
EN
The purpose of this paper was to determine the nature of the relationship between multinationality and performance (M-P relationship) among Polish companies. It is based on a sample of over 300 Polish companies listed on Warsaw Stock Exchange, studied over two years (625 observations were used for statistical processing). Multiple regression and t-statistic analyses were applied to test three hypotheses. The dependent variable was company performance and the independent variable was the degree of company internationalization. A number of control variables were also incorporated in the regression models. The statistically significant results of the multiple regression analyses show that Polish companies experience a negative linear relationship between their degree of internationalization and performance for two variants of the dependent variable, and a non-linear, U-shaped relationship for one dependent variable. The results also show that companies operating on international markets achieve lower market-valuation results than their domestic counterparts, and companies with lower levels of multinationality perform better than those with higher levels of multinationality
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