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EN
The paper aims at investigating how the Czech Republic (member of the European Union) deals with the problem of recodification of the Civil Law after political system transformation. The paper presents changes in Inheritance Law that strengthening testamentary freedom and modify the pur­view of family protection.
EN
The paper aims at investigating how European Union countries such as Poland and the Czech Republic deal with the problem of simplification of the official language. In former members of the Eastern European bloc bureaucratic language is one of the causes of the loss of confidence in public administration. Entry to the European Union increased the tendency for language reform in the creation of normative acts, and the way of communication between the civil servants and thecitizens. The paper presents two lines of action — education of civil servants in Poland and the transformation of the legal language in the Czech Republic.
EN
In the first years after the Second World War the developing post-war European concepts of monuments protection, emphasizing the desire to recognize the heritage of the European civilization for the good of the whole continent, were not taken into consideration in Czechoslovakia. The isolation from Western Europe and the relationship with the communists facilitated the promotion of the radical theories of valuation of monuments and the organizational forms of their protection in a manner connected with the policy and the needs of the state. Consequently, the creation of new rules governing state monuments protection was determined by political utilitarianism, and often completely differed from the basic needs of restoration and conservation of monuments. The article presents the attempts to regulate the protection of monuments in the years 1945–1958, at a time when there was no uniform law regulating this issue in Czechoslovakia, and the protection of monuments was based on regulations introducing forms of protection only for monumental objects selected by the state.
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Ochrona zabytków na wypadek sytuacji kryzysowej

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EN
The article presents the regulation of heritage protection in the event of a crisis situation in Poland. It presents the most important legislation in the field of general security, as well as in the protection of museum collections and religious monuments. It presents the most important provisions relating to the responsibilities of guardians of monuments which is the creation of the monument protection plans in the event of armed conflict and crisis situations.
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