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1
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Drukarstwo renesansowe w „sławnym mieście weneckim”

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Naumow A.
Pamiętnik Słowiański
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2011
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vol. 61
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issue 2
3-24
EN
The study presents editorial activity of Orthodox and Catholic Slavs in Venice in XVI and XVII century. Special consideration was given to Bozidar and Vicenzo Vuković works as well as Franciscan and other editors initiatives. The cultural situation in renaissance Venic e and political context of Balcan territories, from where editors came, were discussed.
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Ikony w rosyjskiej polityce dawnej i nowej

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Naumow A.
Studia Religiologica
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2007
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vol. 40
PL
ICONS IN RUSSIAN POLITICS – OLD AND NEWThe author of the article discusses the political aspect of the cult of the most worshipped images of Our Lady in the Russian Orthodox Church, namely: Our Lady of Vladimir, Our Lady of Tichvin and her replica Our Lady of Narva, Our Lady of Kazan, Our Lady of the Don River, Our Lady of Pskov, Our Lady of Smolensk and others. He raises the issue of taking advantage of the icons to ensure assistance to the country or its individual cities, in the situation of a military threat. The measure which was resorted to most often was the practice of processions going round an endangered area; in contemporary times, this measure is also supported by the use of airplanes or helicopters. One gets the impression that over centuries, this particular aspect of Russian religiousness has not changed; a good example of this sort of conduct is the decision to declare Virgin Mary – Empress of Russia, the use of icons during World War II, or during the riots in Moscow in the autumn of 1993. In several cases, the author draws attention to the considerable significance of  Polish motifs and anti-Western attitudes.
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Biblia w kulturze Rusi polsko-litewskiej w XVI wieku

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Naumow A.
Slavia Meridionalis
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2016
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vol. 16
EN
The Bible in the culture of Polish-Lithuanian Rus’ in the sixteenth centuryBeginning in the mid-fourteenth century, the East Slavic citizens of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (“Ruthenians,” the “Rutheni”) took active part in a process of multicultural inte­gration. The increase of interests in the biblical text that took place in Europe in that period was not without influence on Ruthenians – both those who remained Orthodox and those who became followers of the Reformation. The article discusses two outstanding figures: Matvej Ioannovič Desjatyj (the biblical codex of Vilnius and Supraśl, 1502–1507) and Francisk Skorina (Prague edi­tion of 23 Books of the Slavonic Bible – Bivlija ruska of 1517–1520, the Vilnius edition of Malaja podorožnaja knižka – The little traveller’s book, 1522, and the Apostolos of 1525). The article also examines how the circle of the Ostroh Academy approached the task of preparing a print edition of the Slavonic Bible (1580–1581) and investigates the viewpoint of those who were influenced by Reformation ideas as well as that of those promoting the usage of prosta/rus’ka mova. This biblical production, which is only a part of the literary activity undertaken in Rus’, testifies to the high level of Ruthenian culture in the Polish-Lithuanian state and shows how Ruthenians were able to match their traditional spirituality with the philologia sacra of the Renaissance. Biblia w kulturze Rusi polsko-litewskiej w XVI wiekuOd połowy XIV wieku wschodniosłowiańscy obywatele Rusi polsko-litewskiej brali czynny udział w procesie wielokulturowej integracji. Wzrost zainteresowania tekstem biblijnym w całej Europie wpłynął zarówno na prawosławnych, jak i sprzyjających reformacji. Artykuł koncentruje się na działalności dwóch wybitnych postaci: Mateusza (Macieja) Joannowicza Dziesiątego (Kodeks biblijny z Wilna i Supraśla z lat 1502–1507) i Franciszka Skoryny („Bivlija ruska” – praskie wydanie 23 ksiąg biblijnych w latach 1517–1520, „Malaja podorožnaja knižka”, wydana w Wilnie w 1522 i „Apostoł”, 1525). Omówiono tu również proces przygotowania w kręgu Akademii Ostrogskiej pierwszej drukowanej Biblii cerkiewnosłowiańskiej (1580–1581), ukazując także punkt widzenia zwolenników reformacji na problem tekstu biblijnego, w tym także propagatorów „prostej/ruśkiej mowy”. Ta biblijna produkcja, stanowiąca jedynie część literackiej piśmienniczej aktywności, świadczy o wysokim poziomie ruskiej kultury w państwie polsko-litewskim i pokazuje, w jaki sposób Rusini byli w stanie połączyć tradycyjną duchowość z renesansową philologia sacra.
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Modlitwy za Ukrainę i o pokój „w czas próby i rozdziału”

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Naumow A.
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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2016
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issue 10
EN
Based upon web-published materials, the article analyzes the eulogies composed in the Church Slavonic and Ukrainian languages, which have arisen following Kiev’s Maidan and its subsequent developments in the period December 2013 – December 2014. The texts under analysis come from Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate and from the Patriarchate of Moscow itself, from the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kiev Patriarchate and some other texts. Initiatives from the laity are also taken in account (e.g. Ruslana Lyžyčko). The prayers under analysis show historical and political influences. In the Muscovite texts and in Patriarch Kirill’s statements, the attempt to impose the idea of a Russian Commonwealth (Russkij mir) is quite evident. This idea is based upon the unity and brotherhood of a people united by the christening of the Prince St. Vladimir. There are also charges brought against Greek Catholics and non-canonical Churches. The texts composed in Ukraine are either more decisively patriotic and anti-muscovite, with statements backing the European project (the Kiev Patriarchate Ukrainian Orthodox Church), or more religious in general terms, with a plea for fundamental Christian values and declarations of loyalty towards the State (the Moscow Patriarchate Ukrainian Orthodox Church).
5
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Teologiczny wymiar programu ikonograficznego Adama Stalony-Dobrzańskiego w cerkwiach w Gródku i Michałowie

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2021
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vol. Obraz - Słowo - Litera
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issue 12
243-264
EN
The article is an analysis of the theological program contained in the polychromy and stained glass windows of two Orthodox churches in Podlasie – Gródek and Michałowo, made in the 1950s by Adam StalonyDobrzański (partly with the participation of Jerzy Nowosielski). At the center of the program is soteriology, expressed through Eucharistic, Mariological and apostolic themes. The extraordinary significance of Stalony Dobrzański’s artistic achievements lies in the close combination of ideas, iconography and the written word, as well as the best traditions of the Christian East and West, including the folk tradition.
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Utwory południowosłowiańskie w cerkiewnosłowiańskim piśmiennictwie w Rzeczypospolitej

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2011
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vol. Kościół prawosławny na Bałkanach i w Polsce – wzajemne relacje oraz wspólna tradycja
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issue 2
27-34
EN
Although the orthodoxy in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth belonged to the circle of Russian Christianity, one must be aware that there are three liturgical traditions within this group: Polish-Lithuanian (i.e. Ukrainian - Belarusian), Muscovite (i.e. Russian), and Greek-catholic (Uniate). In Church Slavonic and Old Russian writing in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth one can also notice some elements coming from Balkans, Mount Athos, Constantinople and Moldavian principalities. In the manuscripts coming from the territory of the Commonwealth, including the ones kept at present in Polish libraries and museums, there are many works linked with the ancient literature of Balkan Slavs. Most of them belong to the common heritage of all the Slav lands and do not indicate any local specificity. Still there are few significant works that can be divided into three categories: 1) works linked with the oldest period of Old Slavonic writing, mostly also connected with the tradition of Cyril and Methodius; 2) texts – significant for their new interpretation, for playing new roles – demonstrating the permeating of Balkan works into our writing, linked with particular historical events, which were considered relevant for the Commonwealth; 3) texts connected with St Parascheva-Petka.
7
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Język modlitwy jako deklaracja?

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2012
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vol. Język naszej modlitwy- dawniej i dziś
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issue 3
105-110
EN
In the domain of a religious language, choices and valorizations are always made from the point of view of symbols and carriers of a particular culture and a all times are a declaration of ideological appurtenance. The article presents the process of formation of the Church language first as a personal norm of saint Cyril, then its transformation into a social norm and afterwards the recognition of Church Slavonic as a determinant of indigenousness. The most important thing in using a religious language is not complete and literal understanding of the message, but the certitude of participation in the traditional culture. That is why the attempts to modernize the cult in the name of comprehension of the message is in most cases ineffective.
8
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Aniołowie w cerkiewnosłowiańskiej hymnografii

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Naumow A.
Rocznik Teologiczny
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2013
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vol. 55
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issue 1-2
67-89
EN
The work presents survey of Church Slavonic hymnographic compositions dedicated to Angels. All basic liturgical cycles in which the angelologic subject matter is brought up have been reviewed – especially weekly liturgical cycle (Mondays) and the yearly one (8 XI, 6 IX, 26 III, 13 VII). Aside from texts used currently in Slavonic local Orthodox Churches and translated from the Greek language, there are presented here compositions dedicated to Archangels written by Slavonic authors (Anonym, Clement of Ochrid and Constantine of Preslav of ninth/tenth century, Simeon of fourteenth century).
PL
Artykuł prezentuje przeglądu cerkiewnosłowiańskich kompozycji hymnograficznych poświęconych Aniołom. Analizie zostały poddane wszystkie teksty, podstawowych cykli liturgicznych, poświęcone aniołom, a w szczególności tygodniowy (poniedziałek) oraz 8 XI, 6 IX, 26 III, 13 VII). Obok tekstów wykorzystywanych współcześnie w lokalnych Kościołach prawosławnych i przetłumaczonych z języka greckiego, w pracy zostały zaprezentowane kompozycje dedykowane Aniołom i napisane przez słowiańskich autorów (anonimowe, Klemensa z Ochrydy i Konstantyna Presławskiego (IX/X w.) oraz Symeona (XIV w.)).
9
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Łączenie dat stałych z cyklami ruchomymi w praktyce prawosławia

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2013
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vol. Kalendarz w życiu Cerkwi i wspólnoty
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issue 4
155-162
EN
The study concerns: (1) the relationship of the weekly cycle with the fixed feasts of the Incorporeal Host, John the Bapstist, Ss Peter and Paul and St Nicholas of Myra (2) the calendar layout including ‘previous’ and ‘past’ Saturdays and Sundays; (3) the dates of celebration of the collects of the saints and of some icons in the Menaion and the Triodion periods; (4) the relationship of the Triodion and Pentecostarion with fixed feasts (Ss Theodore Tyron, Gregory Palamas, Mary of Egypt); (5) the Saturdays of Remembrance. The paper presents some manuscripts in Polish collections that exhibit differences in the combination of the Lenten and Paschal cycles with fixed feasts. A detailed investigation of the extant manuscripts of this type (notably the variation of prescriptions from the last part of the Typikon and other liturgical marginal notes) should yield significant data on the history of the divine service in the Orthodox churches of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
10
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Kwestie teologiczne w przedmowach i posłowiach wydań Božidara Vukovicia

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2016
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vol. Dawna cyrylicka księga drukowana: twórcy i czytelnicy
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issue 7
37-49
RU
Опираясь на послесловие в Цетинском октоихе первогласнике 1494 года, венецианский издатель Божидар Вукович (1460–1539) со своими помощниками – сербскими монахами – в девяти текстах, помещенных в шести разных изданиях (1519–1520, 1536–1538), затрагивает ряд богословских тем, которые выстраивает в продуманную систему. В центре внимания находится вопрос общения Бога с человеком. В период от создания Адама до пророка Моисея доминирует прямой контакт („лицом к лицу”), a данный Моисею письменно зафиксированный Закон и писания пророков помогают людям в ожидании главного акта исполнения Предвечного совета – Воплощения Логоса. Издавая ветхозаветные (особенно Псалтирь) и богослужебные книги Нового завета, Божидар осознает огромную роль печатного слова для служения Богу и Церкви. Забота о спасении православных верующих и духовная помощь страдающей сербской родине лежат в основе культурной деятельности Вуковича. Независимо от политической, церковной и семейной конъюнктуры, предисловия и послесловия в изданиях его типографии свидетельствуют о высоком уровне богословской мысли православия в конце XV – начале XVI века и о сознании всеправославного единства Церквей под омофором четырёх восточных патриархов.
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Metropolita kijowski Grzegorz (Cambłak) na soborze w Konstancji (1418)

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2014
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vol. Synody Cerkwi Prawosławnej w I Rzeczypospolitej
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issue 5
41-56
EN
In the final phase of the Council of Constance, from the middle of February to the end of April 1418, the third large Polish-Lithuanian delegation took part in the work, at the head of which stood the Metropolitan of Kiev, Gregory (Camblak/Tsamblak). The metropolitan had the charge from King Władysław Jagiełło and Grand Duke Witold (Vytautas) to convince the new pope, Martin V, to formalize a Church Union of the Orthodox dioceses with the Roman Church, by way of the subordination of the Orthodox dioceses. Camblak, however, behaved in accordance with the principles of Eastern ecclesiology and proposed that a decision be made at an Ecumenical Synod, which would be preceded by the intensive investigations of a bilateral commission. Such a conception no longer fit within the contemporary vision of Catholic exclusivity, and Camblak suffered a defeat. Nonetheless, his intervention, calling for the joining of both glories of the Church belongs to the strict canon of the most pertinent early ecumenical statements.
12
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Dzieci w kulturze duchowej prawosławia: wprowadzenie

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Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2020
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vol. Dzieci w kulturze duchowej Prawosławia
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issue 11
9-16
EN
The issue of children in Orthodoxy is extremely rich and varied, we discover it in all the components of spiritual culture. In the introduction to the volume, the primary figures of children in the Old Testament and the motifs associated with them, will be discussed. Later, the attention will turn to the New Testament, which places the image of the child at the center of the story of salvation – the incarnation of the Logos, the nativity and childhood of Jesus, of Virgin Mary, and of S. John the Baptist, Jesus’ attitude towards children who are seen as a rule model – is the first group of motifs. Then, the martyrdom of children will be presented, from massacre of the Innocents of Bethlehem to victims of the latest persecutions. Next, attention will be paid to the saints’ childhood and youth in hagiology and iconography, indicating that they can be presented as examples of the fulfillment of prophecies, continuation of biblical history or testimonies of social life. The world of children has always particularly concerned the Church, leading to the expansion of the rituals associated with them. But the dynamics of the present day also poses several tasks and challenges for the Church, which often finds right solutions, sometimes just halfway solutions, every so often the issues reveal discrepancies. However, modern times are no exception in this regard, and researching the past, discovering and studying the old processes, attitudes and models often reveals unexpected perspectives. Upbringing in the Orthodox Church, for the Church, by the Church, teaching the truths of faith and religion, the problem of the language of prayer and of catechism, a solid ethical foundation, building authority – all this requires both adults and young people to feel responsible, and the condition is knowledge and experience coming also from a scientific view of the past. Studies, such as those collected in this volume, should contribute to this.
13
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Powroty do prawosławia

100%
Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2017
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vol. Cerkiew a asymilacja- swój i obcy
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issue 8
243-255
RU
Статья разделена на две части. В первой анализируются указы и чины, относящиеся к практике вторичного принятия в Православие отступников от него, помещенные в Требнике святителя Петра (Могилы). Следуя древней традиции св. Петр делит отступников на три группы: дети и молодежь отступившие „от неразумия”, пленники, принявшие другую религию „неволею и страхом мук”, и ушедшие из Церкви вполне добровольно. В реалиях Польско-литовского государства XVI–XVII веков православные переходили в католицизм (прямо или через унию), протестантизм (лютеранство, кальвинизм, анабаптизм, антитринитаризм) и, реже, в иудейство. Массовый переход в ислам осуществлялся среди многочисленных пленников (ясырь), хотя немногие возвращались из полона. Воцерковление отступников от веры связано с длящейся столетия дискуссией о важности Крещения и Миропомазания, совершаемых вне Православной церкви. Могила решительный сторонник неповторяемости этих Таинств, при условии правильного их исполнения. Вторая часть посвящена возврату в Православие из ислама в Османской империи. Анализ проведен на житийной литературе новомучеников, которые на некоторое время отреклись Христа, но потом раскаялись и вернулись в христианство. В большинстве случаев они формируются на Афоне, желая актом мученичества сгладить грех отступничества. На Афоне считали действительным только их Крещение, но не Миропомазание. Пример смертного подвига за веру многих раскаявшихся помогал остановить исламизацию населения и возродить Православие среди греков, болгар и сербов.
14
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Relikwie św. św. Cyryla i Metodego jako świadectwo dynamiki życia religijnego

63%
Barlieva S., Naumow A.
Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej
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2015
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vol. Cerkiew w drodze
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issue 6
31-44
EN
The relatively rich complex of hagiologic works and documents attesting the CyrilloMethodian tradition contains various kind of information on the death, grave and remains of the Holy brothers, especially those of St. Cyril. All texts, including the emerging in our time, are a living testimony of their cult, revealing the diversity of its’ functions appointed. The authors trace out and systemize various text – liturgical, hagiographic, historiographic and documentary, concerning the issue of the relics of the two Slavic saints. Besides the Long Life of St. Constantine-Cyril, the Greek Vitae of SS Clemens and Nahum of Ochrid, the Eulogy on Cyril and Methodius and the so-called Legenda Italica, hagiographic works of West Slavic origin are considered under the aspect of their essential importance for the saints’ relics veneration. They are interpreted as a phenomenon of realizing King Charles’ IV national doctrine on the base of their appearance in the inventories of the S. Vaclav chapel treasury in the metropolitan church of Prague as well as in the correspondence of Czech kings and Czech and Polish prelates. The issue of the burial place of the Brothers from Salonika and the location of their remains is presented in the article as an element of the hot interfaith dispute in the 1stRzeczpospolita. The 16th c. common awareness that the relics of SS Cyril and Methodius are kept at San Clemente in Rome was treated by the Catholics as a clear proof of divine approval for the Western church (and especially its head) and synergistic cooperation in the intention of the saint (Cyril wants to stay in Rome forever). Orthodox party defended “the good name” with the argument that even in Rome the orthodoxy and its missionaries were paid special attention. А modern attitude to the issue is displayed by the modern service dedicated to the rediscovery of S. Cyril’s relicts and their replacement in “San Clemente” on 17th November 1963. It was introduced in the liturgical praxis of the Bulgarian Catholics in 1980. The text of the service is designed in the prospects of the new vision on the role of SS Cyril and Methodius and their veneration in the contemporary world – as expressed by the Pope’s encyclical epistle “Antiquae nobilitatis” from 2nd February and the speech of Pope Paul VI in San Pietro on 14th February. Contemporary evidences of the political instrumentalization of the cult of St. Cyril’s remains are demonstrated as well. Without being exhaustive, the article presents a wide panorama of the cult of relics of St. Constantine-Cyril the Philosopher as a phenomenon of Slavonic and European cultural identity.
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