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TERMINOLÓGIA A TYPOLÓGIA DIAĽKOVÝCH ZBRANÍ Z OBDOBIA VČASNÉHO STREDOVEKU NA ÚZEMÍ SLOVENSKA

100%
Holeščák M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2016
|
issue 59
5 - 24
EN
The aim of this article is to set the questions of terminology and typology of ranged weapons in early medieval period in the area of today‘s Slovakia. The paper deals with basic parts of bow and theirs interpretation value in archaeological sources, proposes terminology used for their description, based also on new international researches about this problematics. The typology of arrowheads based on multilevel morphological description is also presented. Its result is alphanumerical code, that can be used on every specimen from the analysed period and it results in chronological analysis focused on representation of types in chronological periods from the end of 7th to beginning of 11th century.
2

THROUGH STEPPE TO KARAKORUM. TRAVELLING IN THE MONGOL EMPIRE

100%
Holeščák M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
|
2023
|
vol. 71
|
issue suppl. 3
279 – 286
EN
Mongol Empire and its warriors swept through the Eurasian steppe belt from the east to the west, establishing a vast empire stretching through the big part of Eurasian continent. This vast distance was traversed by many individuals, from soldiers, messengers and merchants to foreign ambassadors, trying to contact the most powerful political player in the region. From the written sources of these foreign visitors and the local sources and chronicles, we get the image of how the everyday travel was organized, consisting of the line of stations that served to exchange horses and provide food and accommodation, established in a firm way by the Great Khan Ögedei. From the western sources, mainly the two travellers, John of Plano Carpini and William of Rubruck, who left their narrative notes on their travel in written form, it is possible to see the development and evolution of this system. Both travellers got to Karakorum, passing nearly the whole Eurasian Steppe belt, stretching from the Lower Danube to the Mongolian plane and gave the description of an everyday life on the road, the specific ways of transportation but also characteristics of the horse, their look and behaviour, as well as riding equipment used by the Mongols, that can be traced in the archaeological sources from this region.
3
Content available remote

DER BURGWALL GROSSER BERG BEI DIVINKA. VORBERICHT

63%
Fusek G., Holeščák M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2019
|
issue 66
161 – 171
EN
Preliminary report presents both past and most recent archaeological excavations at the hillfort in Divinka. Located in the mountainous region of northwest Slovakia, this hillfort was inhabited during the three historical periods. The article briefly deals with the endmost, Early Medieval Period, more precisely the younger stage of the Great Moravian Period. The separate components of the hillfort, settlement features and the construction of its rampart are defined. The dating to the younger stage of the Great Moravian Period is based on select decorated metal artefacts (ring, fitting with neck and loop and three spurs). The result of the radiocarbon dating of the rampart of the outer bailey makes it possible to specify the time of its construction from the end of the 9th to the first three decades of the 10th century.
4

STREDOVEKÝ HRÁDOK V DIVINKE A DIVINE

63%
Holeščák M., Slaná A.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
|
2020
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vol. 68
|
issue 2
335 – 351
EN
The article focuses on the archaeological excavations of a stronghold situated on the border of cadastral areas of the villages Divina and Divinka, conducted by the authors of the paper in two summer seasons of 2018 and 2019. The site is situated on a conical hill with a two-tiered platform, on the top of which stood probably a wooden tower-like structure, protected by three lines of fortifications. A rampart was built at the foot of this castle, from which a wooden-clay structure has been preserved. At the edge of the main plateau was a second wooden-clay rampart reinforced with stone, which succumbed to fire. The last line of the fortification was a palisade, which protected the tower-like building. Based on a radiocarbon analysis supported by archaeological material, ceramics and arrowheads, it is possible to date the construction of the stronghold to the final quarter of the 13th century. Written reports on the construction of the site are non-existent. Based on the territorial ownership of the area, it can be assumed that it took place under the responsibility of the ancestors of the Balaša family, Biter, his brother Petr and his heirs. The fortification either served as the estate of the administrator of the valley of the stream Divina, or as a checkpoint on the Váh road or its branch. The demise of the locality, which lasted only a short time due to the compactness of the material, can be connected most probably with the territorial ambitions of Matthew III Csák of Trenčín, after which the process of restoration no longer took place and the newly created village Divina began to grow under the researched hill.
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