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EN
In this article, the author presents the hermeneutic perspective of research in urban studies (‘hermeneutics of the city’) carried out within the field of cultural urban studies. ‘Hermeneutics of the city’ is still an unrealized project within the spatial turn in cultural studies. It is necessary to review and systematize the existing positions that make up the ‘hermeneutics of the city’ and outline its frameworks as theory.
EN
The aim of this paper is to characterize the relation between the urban  landscape (the image of the city) and the subject. The landscape is understood here in two ways: as something alien, excluding, and hostile, but also as something that gains new features when in contact with the Other. For it can be said, paraphrasing Siegfried Lenz’s famous statement on the relation between man and landscape, that the city is being created through us. The relationship between the residents and the urban landscape has a reciprocal character, in which “I” places itself in relation to a certain “you.”
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Communication of a leader

63%
|
2021
|
vol. 51-52
|
issue 3-4
113-127
EN
Effective communication is the most important skill a leader can have. It is thanks to her that he achieves his goals and is effective in action and influencing the environment. The article deals with the topic of skilful communication of a leader. The authors of the publication characterized the process of social communication aimed at causing the recipient of information to change the consciousness intended by the sender. Communication skills are presented as a trait of a leader, as well as trust in him as one of the most important conditions for its effectiveness. The personality trait of charisma was also discussed, thanks to which the person possessing it owes unquestionable authority in people and influence on them. It is often the most succinct way of describing the trait that distinguishes effective leaders from subordinates. In order to analyse the quality of communication in the managed team, the study contains sets of questions that should be answered by the leader. They contain questions to be asked when analysing the process of giving direction, analysing your level of empathy for feedback in the communication process and building team morale, and analysing the process of your leadership activity towards your team members. The publication also characterizes the performance of a leader in a multicultural environment and describes models of the leadership process.
EN
Crisis communication is an important element in the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. It allows for efficient exchange of information between the government and society. The crisis situation caused by Sars-CoV-2 has a negative impact on human life and health as well as on the information environment. Institutions and specially appointed teams responsible for providing information are obliged to provide reliable information based on expert knowledge. A dangerous phenomenon is disinformation, which, combined with the pandemic, may cause an increase in the crisis situation and the risks associated with it. Crisis communication based on principles and goals will lead to overcoming the effect of panic, fear and ignorance among the public. The aim of the article is to present the methods of crisis communication during the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to draw conclusions about the researched problem, the method of analysis of sources conducted with the technique of desk research secondary data analysis was used. Existing materials, including developed reports and summaries, were analysed.
EN
Background: Hate speech is a very important problem nowadays. One can meet it in one’s immediate surroundings (conversations with friends), the media, the Internet, or in the so-called public space (for example, inscriptions on the walls). One form of hate speech is online hate speech, which, together with certain other phenomena, is referred to as hejt in the Polish language. The authors of the article focus on presenting online hate speech in relation to various age and social groups. Objectives: The aim of the article is to present the phenomenon of hate speech on the web and its impact on the safety of Internet users. Methods: The article uses basic theoretical and empirical methods. Content published on the Internet is analyzed and case studies are described. Interviews with experts (psychologists, police officers, sociologists, media and hate speech specialists) were also conducted and their views are presented. Conclusions: In the discussion about hate speech, prevention is extremely important. According to the authors, broad prevention consisting of professionally prepared content, enriched with film materials, presented by an expert or a trained teacher, should be included in the core curriculum of schools as one of the mandatory issues raised during the lessons.
EN
The aim of the study was to analyse the dependence between nature conservation instruments and the percentage of land covered by local spatial development plans and to assess the effect of conservation areas on the type of spatial management in a commune. The material for the analyses comprised local spatial development plans, an administrative decision concerning terms of construction and land management (the WZiZT decision) and administrative decisions on location of public purpose investment projects (LPP decisions) issued in the years 2004–2012. Based on the Mosina commune (in Wielkopolskie Province) an analysis was conducted on land allocated to individual land use forms in spatial development plans as well as their distribution in relation to existing land surface conservation areas. The study investigated the issue of whether the current spatial planning approach at the commune level covering all land within the boundaries of conservation areas with spatial development plans ensures rational spatial management.
PL
Celem opracowania była analiza zależności między występowaniem form ochrony przyrody a stopniem pokrycia planistycznego oraz ocena wpływu obszarów chronionych na sposób prowadzenia gospodarki przestrzennej w gminie. Materiałem badawczym były miejscowe plany zagospodarowania przestrzennego, decyzje o warunkach zabudowy i zagospodarowaniu terenu oraz decyzje o lokalizacji celu publicznego wydane w latach 2004-2012. Na przykładzie gminy Mosina (województwo wielkopolskie) przeprowadzono analizę powierzchni przeznaczanych w dokumentach planistycznych pod poszczególne formy użytkowania a także ich rozmieszczenia względem istniejących powierzchniowych form ochrony przyrody. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie czy przy aktualnym podejściu planistycznym na poziomie gminnym pełne pokrycie planistyczne terenów w granicach obszaru chronionego zapewnia racjonalne gospodarowanie przestrzenią.
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