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1

Vztah Čechů k československé státnosti

100%

Jirásek Z.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2019

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issue 4 (23)

21-31

EN

This article presents insight into the development/changes in the way in which Czechs treated the Czechoslovak stateh in 1918-1992. I have taken into consideration the roots of the modification to the Czech state resulting from historical developments and supplemented in the 19th century. I also ascertain that - except for the Second Republic - Czechs adopted a positive outlook on the emergence of an independent state - Czechoslovakia. This emergence posed a considerable problem predominantly to communist ideologists. However, even they could not eliminate this social vision in their targeted and simplified interpretations of history. While Czechoslovakia as a state disappeared as early as in 1992, the rudimentary concepts of the Czechoslovak statehood have survived and have been reflected in the way the new Czech state is treated.

2

Nechtěné Slezsko. Reflexe českého „slezanství“ v poválečném Československu (1945–1969)

63%

Knapík J., Jirásek Z.

Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

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2010

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issue 3

421-440

EN

Czech Silesianness, obvious throughout the twentieth century, was based on a mixture of strong regional, even local, patriotism, which was determined by historical developments. This patriotism developed on the ethnically mixed territory of Czech Silesia (formerly Austrian Silesia). After the Second World War this phenomenon was quickly revived, bit unlike the pre-war period, it took a clearly Czech national form. The territorial factor, by contrast, receded into the background. Behind this activity and new interpretation stood intellectual circles and institutions in Opava, some leading fi gures from Ostrava, and the Silesian Cultural Institute in Prague. In addition to cultural-educational activity, their efforts were concentrated on claiming some border areas of Polish and German Silesia as being historically Czech, and also on ensuring the distinctive administrative status of the territory of Silesia in Czechoslovakia, the seed of which they saw in the Ostrava branch of the Moravian National Committee ( Zemský národní výbor ) in Brno. During the Communist régime, according to the authors, the top state authorities showed an intentional lack of interest in the problems of Silesia when solving related economic and other questions. A consequence of this was a ‘silencing of the official sources’ about Silesia. In the 1950s, ‘Silesianness’ was condemned as a form of ‘bourgeois nationalism’ and was identified with the period of Czech- Polish national friction in the region. From the administrative point of view Silesia was dissolved in the Ostrava area, later in the North Moravian Region, and was recalled practically only by artistic expressions of an ‘antiquated Silesianness’, such as folklore and museum exhibitions. Silesian organizations and societies were, with few exceptions, dissolved or renamed and the newly established Silesian Research Institute in Opava had to orient its historical research chiefly to the labour movement. The works of the poet Petr Bezruč (born Vladimír Vašek, 1867–1958) and his collection of verse, Slezské písně (Silesian Songs), presented a problem because of their questionable depiction of Silesian identity, and the publication of the complete collection led to disputes in cultural policy. The Ostrava-based arts and politics periodical Červený květ (Red Flower), which repeatedly included debates about regionalism, began to be published in the mid-1950s. At the end of the decade, however, the Communist Party launched a campaign against parochialism ( lokálpatriotismus ), which was reflected also in the condemnation of publications seeking to exonerate the poems and ideas of Óndra Łysohorsky (born Ervín Goj, 1905–1989), who during the war promoted the theory of a ‘Lach nation’. In the 1960s the local authorities and figures of Opava again began to emphasize the role of their town as a regional centre. During the Prague Spring of 1968 there were calls for the restoration of Silesian self-government, but that remained more or less limited to the Opava region, and consequently some ‘Silesian’ cultural initiatives from this period were of greater importance.

3

Vývoj školství ve Slezsku a otázka „slezské identity“

63%

Jirásek Z., Vymětalová K.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2014

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vol. 17

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issue 1-2

252-267

EN

The beginnings of higher education Silesians can be dated back to the 13th century, when they traveled for education at the Studium Generale in Paris or Italian universities. After the founding of university in Prague in 1348, their interest turned to Bohemia but the large part of them left the capital of Bohemia in the early 15th century after the publication of the Decree of Kutná Hora. Efforts on the establishment of a separate university in Silesia bind to the city of Wroclaw with the government of the Czech and Hungarian King Vladislaus II. Jagiello, but have never been implemented. After the wars of the Austrian Succession, the Maria Theresia´s efforts to promote Czech schools in the ethnically mixed area of Silesia ran into resistance from the German population. This resistence also was concerned with the opening of Czech secondary schools – grammar schools, as well as discussions on the establishment of a second university in Moravia and Silesia. The first high schools in the Silesian region didn´t begun to emerge until after the second World War in Ostrava. "Classical" university here, however, could be built up first after the Velvet Revolution in November 1989.

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1 Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

1 Historia Slavorum Occidentis

1 Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

3 Jirásek Z.

1 Knapík J.

1 Vymětalová K.

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Vztah Čechů k československé státnosti

Nechtěné Slezsko. Reflexe českého „slezanství“ v poválečném Československu (1945–1969)

Vývoj školství ve Slezsku a otázka „slezské identity“