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Badania nad wczesnośredniowiecznymi zaprawami występującymi w posadzkach zabytkowych reliktów w Wiślicy

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Ciach T. D., Osler S.

Ochrona Zabytków

1970

issue 3

197-209

The author presents the results o f investigations conducted on the courtyard floorings which have recently been discovered by Dr. Z. Wartołowska within an early medieval group of relics in the „Castle” area at Wiślica. Two fragments of the courtyard flooring have been discovered; one of them having th e thickness of about 12 cm, composed of fiv e different layers, and the other having the thickness of 9 cm, consisting o f four layers. The microscopic examinations, and both chemical and chemical-and-physical investigations have shown that in the earlier discovered fragment its first, i.e. the bottom layer consists o f a lime-and-sand mixture, the second and the third of gypsum whereas the fourth of lime-and-gypsum mixture, and the fifth, the top one, of gypsum alone. As the fillers in mortars present in the second to fifth layers were used m ixtures of different proportions containing the crushed gypsum stone, quartz sand and the fine organogenic lime chippings. In addition, in those mortars were present 2 to 5 per cent admixtures of pottery fragments, feldspar grains and also the fine-grained coal. Layers in the second fragment basically correspond to those characteristic for the first one with this only exception that the lime and lime-and-gypsum layers are absent. One from among the samples taken exhibited high crushing strength (amounting to 171— 211 kG/cm2) and a relatively high abrasion resistance (0,46 cm) thus evidencing its perfect state of preservation after good many centuries that passed since their production. On the basis of results obtained the ancient recipes could be reconstituted enabling the preparation of new samples and providing the possibility to subject them to the crushing strength tests. The high values obtained as result o f the above investigations and tests point to the perfect mastering of technology used for preparing of anhydrous gypsum mortars possessed by their makers in the early medieval period.

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1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Ciach T. D.

1 Osler S.

1 1970

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Badania nad wczesnośredniowiecznymi zaprawami występującymi w posadzkach zabytkowych reliktów w Wiślicy