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EN
The aim of this paper was to determine the condition of waste management and the purposefulness of and chances for introducing a 'garbage tax' in rural areas. In 2007 investigations were carried out in three communes situated in the southern part of Podlaskie voivodeship. The results of the conducted research indicate that the situation in respect of proper management of wastes generated by households has improved recently in the surveyed area. However, it is not satisfactory yet as evidenced by the fact that approximately 20% of the owners of real estate in rural areas have not signed any contracts for the disposal of wastes with specialised enterprises. Persons covered by research show a relatively strong interest in the participation in a referendum concerning the proposal to shift the duty of organising proper waste management from the owners of real estate to local authorities and to introduce a related 'garbage tax'. As many as 50% of the respondents declared they would certainly participate in such referendum, whereas 23% of the surveyed persons said they would most probably participate in it. Among the persons who declared their willingness to participate in the referendum as many as 54% would most probably support the imposition of a 'garbage fee', provided that there would be no risk that such fee could prove higher than the costs of waste disposal borne by them at present.
EN
The state of the municipal waste management in the urban areas of Podlaskie region has recently shown a significant improvement. In 2008 only one out of the 26 person included in the research did not sign any contract for his/her household waste disposal. However, waste containers often have too small capacity. In most households a considerable amount of waste is still disposed of by owners individually. Therefore it seems to be advisable to take action and create a legal basis for municipalities to control the amounts of waste disposed of by households or to introduce a waste disposal payment dependent on the number of person in the household instead of on the amount of the waste disposed.
PL
Stan gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi na terenach wiejskich województwa podlaskiego w ostatnim okresie uległ znacznej poprawie. Tylko jedna spośród 26 osób objętych badaniami w 2008 roku nie posiadała żadnej umowy wywozu odpadów komunalnych. Posiadane pojemniki na odpady są jednak często zbyt małej pojemności. Nadal w większości (około 67%) gospodarstw domowych znaczna cześć odpadów zagospodarowywana jest we własnym zakresie. Wskazane więc wydaje się podjęcie przez gminy działań mających na celu zmniejszenie ilości odpadów niewłaściwie zagospodarowywanych.
EN
A comparison between cardboard and plastic boxes for apple packaging in the wholesale and retail trade has been drawn using the SimaPro programme for life cycle analysis. The environmental impact of using plastic cases was estimated much lower, mainly thanks to their repeated use.
EN
A horse riding centre with 13 owned and 17 boarded horses made in 2005 a profit of 60,390 PLN. In winter costs were higher than revenues. In summer, the reverse was true. The difference between the seasons was considerable. The purchases of forage and employment of a horse riding instructor were the largest cost components.
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