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Rozprawy Społeczne
|
2020
|
vol. 14
|
issue 4
102-113
EN
Abstract Rehabilitation of people with disabilities is a complex and multi-stage process. It starts with medical rehabilitation but an important part of it are social and vocational stages. There exist many barriers to the implementation of the rehabilitation process, incl. difficulties in accessing rehabilitation services, bureaucratization of the system, negative social attitudes towards people with disabilities, lack of jobs for those with disabilities or their low education. Thus, the importance of social and vocational rehabilitation is not limited to stimulating development. It is also related to the sense of meaning in life and the increase in self-esteem of people with disabilities. Accordingly, social and vocational rehabilitation of people with deficits has a direct impact on the process of their integration and inclusion in the social environment. Material and methods . Results . Conclusions .
PL
Streszczenie Rehabilitacja osób z niepełnosprawnością to proces kompleksowy i wieloetapowy. Zaczyna się od rehabilitacji medycznej, ale istotną jej częścią jest rehabilitacja społeczna i zawodowa. Istnieje wiele barier związanych z realizacją procesu rehabilitacyjnego, m.in. trudności w dostępie do usług rehabilitacyjnych, biurokratyzacja systemu, negatywne postawy społeczne wobec osób niepełnosprawnych, brak miejsc pracy dla osób z niepełnosprawnością, ich niskie wykształcenie. Znaczenie rehabilitacji społeczno - zawodowej nie ogranicza się do stymulacji rozwoju, ma także związek z poczuciem sensu życia i wzrostem własnej wartości osób niepełnosprawnych. Rehabilitacja społeczna i zawodowa osób posiadających deficyty w bezpośredni sposób wpływa na proces integracji i inkluzji tych osób ze środowiskiem społecznym. Materiał i metody . Wyniki . Wnioski .
PL
Podstawowym celem podjętych badań było poznanie struktury rodziny, sytuacji ekonomicznej i społeczno-wychowawczej środowiska rodzinnego mężczyzn odbywających kary pozbawienia wolności. Podstawową metodą zbierania danych był sondaż diagnostyczny. W celu uzyskania odpowiedzi na pytania badawcze zastosowano autorski kwestionariusz ankiety. Udział w badaniach był dobrowolny i anonimowy. Grupę badawczą stanowiło 101 dorosłych mężczyzn. Badania przeprowadzono w 2015 roku w zakładzie karnym o charakterze otwartym w Zabłociu. Wykształcenie osób osadzonych i ich rodziców najczęściej było zawodowe i podstawowe. Co dziesiąta osoba w dzieciństwie doświadczyła ubóstwa i biedy, obserwowała imprezy alkoholowe rodziców, słyszała ich kłótnie. W co piątej rodzinie doszło do dezintegracji życia rodzinnego (rozwód lub separacja). Wśród członków rodziny najkorzystniej badani postrzegali osobę matki, jej ciepło, jej działania w kierunku zabezpieczenia potrzeb materialnych dziecka i jej wsparcie w sytuacji obecnej. The main objective of this study was to know the family structure, economic and socio-educational situation in the family environment of men serving the penalty of deprivation of freedom. The basic method of data collection was a diagnostic survey. An author's questionnaire was used in order to obtain answers to research questions. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. The study group consisted of 101 adult males. It was conducted in 2015 in the open prison in Zabłocie. Education of prisoners and their parents were in most cases vocational or primary. Every tenth of the questioned persons experienced in their childhood poverty, witnessed parties of addicted to alcohol parents and heard their arguments. In every fifth family came to the disintegration of family life (divorce or separation). The prisoners perceived in the most favourable light the mother, her warmth, her actions taken to secure the material needs of the child and her support in the current situation.
EN
The main objective of this study was to know the family structure, economic and socio-educational situation in the family environment of men serving the penalty of deprivation of freedom. The basic method of data collection was a diagnostic survey. An author's questionnaire was used in order to obtain answers to research questions. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. The study group consisted of 101 adult males. It was conducted in 2015 in the open prison in Zabłocie. Education of prisoners and their parents were in most cases vocational or primary. Every tenth of the questioned persons experienced in their childhood poverty, witnessed parties of addicted to alcohol parents and heard their arguments. In every fifth family came to the disintegration of family life (divorce or separation). The prisoners perceived in the most favourable light the mother, her warmth, her actions taken to secure the material needs of the child and her support in the current situation.
EN
The purpose of this article is to determine how disabled people living in rural areas spend their leisure time. The basic method of gathering research material was diagnostic survey, in which the author’s questionnaire was used. The study was conducted in 2010. The material presented relates to the research group, made up of 800 people with disabilities living in rural areas of the Lublin province. It turned out that disabled people have 5–6 hours of leisure time a day, with women having more free time on weekdays, and men having more free time on holidays. Among the active forms of leisure both men and women prefer walking and practicing various forms of sport and recreation. Passive rest in both groups means listening to music, watching TV and using the computer and the Internet. Sports and recreation forms popular among both men and women include walking, cycling and gymnastics.
EN
Background Spinal overload among blue-collar workers occurs most frequently in the lumbar spine. Long-lasting spinal overload results in pain syndromes leading to limitations in everyday and professional life. Material and Methods The research included 106 adult males working as farmers for at least 10 years. The control group included 50 male white-collar workers. Four research tools were used: an interview questionnaire, a questionnaire assessing pain intensity and limitations in everyday functioning of study participants, a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measuring pain intensity and Oswestry Disability Index. Results The research revealed that as many as 86% of the farmers (91 individuals) experienced low back pain. In the control group only 64% of all the white-collar workers complained of pain in this part of the spine. The farmers defined their low back pain as constant pain or stiffness significantly more often. In addition, they reported hip pain radiating to one or 2 legs and experienced chronic and acute back pain more frequently. The total time in which they experienced this pain was usually 11–20 years. The correlation between pain intensity measured on a numeric scale and the level of disability of farmers was revealed. Conclusions The research revealed that individual farmers complained of low back pain significantly more often. The pain was usually defined as constant pain, chronic pain, acute pain or hip pain radiating to legs. Med Pr 2018;69(4):355–364
EN
The authors present financial aspects of the lives of the disabled living in the Lubelskie Voivodship in the context of age. All the data included are a result of empirical studies conducted in the rural areas. From the presented findings it ensues that the younger the age category of the respondents, the stronger the sense of the material wealth and higher economic status. The above attitudes are a result of better adaptation of the youth to the realities of everyday life and diversified sources of income. Taking this into consideration, it needs to be said that despite major economic problems the rural disabled face, we can observe systematic change in the awareness of this social group.
EN
The purpose of the research was to identify the barriers to professional activity among disabled persons in the opinion of the disabled living in rural areas and in the opinion of their employers. We have examined 800 disabled respondents and 100 employers both from Lubelskie Voivodship. People with disabilities indicated the following reasons for inactivity: lack of jobs suitable for people with different levels and types of disability, the importance of place of residence and in this connection difficulties in getting to work; limitations resulting from the disability, inadequate education, and negative attitudes of employers towards persons with disabilities. Important was the fact that the surveyed employers also considered these factors the most crucial causes of the failure to undertake professional activity among the disabled.
PL
Celem badań była identyfikacja barier aktywności zawodowej osób niepełnosprawnych w opiniach osób niepełnosprawnych zamieszkałych na obszarach wiejskich i pracodawców. Temat pracy zrealizowano na podstawie badań 800 osób niepełnosprawnych i 100 pracodawców na terenie województwa lubelskiego. Osoby niepełnosprawne wskazały na występowanie następujących uwarunkowań bierności zawodowej: brak ofert pracy odpowiednich dla osób o różnym stopniu i rodzaju niepełnosprawności, znaczenie miejsca zamieszkania i wynikających z niego utrudnień z dojazdem do miejsca pracy; ograniczenia wynikające z niepełnosprawności, niewystarczające wykształcenie, negatywne nastawienie pracodawców wobec osób niepełnosprawnych. Istotnym okazał się fakt, że biorący udział w badaniu pracodawcy Lubelszczyzny również uznali powyższe czynniki jako najważniejsze ich zdaniem przyczyny niepodejmowania przez osoby niepełnosprawne zatrudnienia.
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