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1

Marta Michałek, Right to defence in EU Competition Law: the case of inspections, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania UW, Warszawa 2015, s. 431

100%

Kowalik-Bańczyk K.

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 8

131-133

2

Ways of Harmonising Polish Competition Law with the Competition Law of the EU

100%

Kowalik-Bańczyk K.

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

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2014

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vol. 7(9)

141-159

EN

This article discusses the harmonisation of laws within the EU focusing on the specific ways of achieving an approximation of the Polish legal system with European competition law. It identifies and gives an overview of three specific ways of harmonising national laws with EU antitrust provisions: (1) spontaneous (or bottom-up) harmonisation; (2) judicial harmonisation and; (3) legislative harmonisation by means of EU Directives. With respect to the last category, particular attention is drawn to the legislative competences of the EU, allowing it to harmonise antitrust issues either on the basis of Articles 103 and 114 TFUE, or perhaps even on the basis of Article 82 TFEU

FR

Le présent article explique la notion d'harmonisation du droit dans l'UE et se concentre sur les moyens particuliers de réalisation du rapprochement du droit polonais au droit de la concurrence de l'UE. Il identifie et offre un aperçu des trois façons de l'harmonisation du droit national avec le droit antitrust de l'UE: (1) l'harmonisation spontanée (ou bottom-up); (2) l’harmonisation juridique et (3) l'harmonisation législative par voie de directives. Dans ce dernier cas, une attention particulière est accordée aux compétences législatives de l'UE, ce qui lui permet d'harmoniser les questions du droit de la concurrence de l'UE, soit sur la base des articles 103 et 114 du TFUE, soit même, peut-être, sur la base de l'article 82 TFUE.

3

Application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights by Polish Courts and the Jurisprudence of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal

63%

Kowalik-Bańczyk K., Wróblewski M.

Yearbook of Polish European Studies

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2015

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issue 18

239-266

EN

This text presents the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights by Polish courts since the entry into force of the Charter in December 2009. As the Charter is an element of the ‘external’ constitution for the Republic of Poland, similar to the European Convention on Human Rights, the practice of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal is of particular importance in this analysis. Hence the referral to the Charter by common and administrative courts is rather briefl y described and the main focus of the text is on the broader analysis of the way of and reasons for using the Charter by the Constitutional Tribunal. While the Charter is not treated as a model for the hierarchical analysis of norms in cases of constitutional complaints, it can however be offered as such a model in cases of abstract control and legal questions fi led by the courts. The use of the Charter might be further clarifi ed by an answer of the Court of Justice of the European Union to the fi rst request for preliminary ruling made by the Polish Constitutional Tribunal in case C-390/15 RPO.

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1 Wróblewski M.

Marta Michałek, Right to defence in EU Competition Law: the case of inspections, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania UW, Warszawa 2015, s. 431

Ways of Harmonising Polish Competition Law with the Competition Law of the EU

Application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights by Polish Courts and the Jurisprudence of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal