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1

Selected Aspects of the Relationship Between Theology and the Natural Sciences

100%
Tambor P.
Roczniki Teologiczne
|
2018
|
vol. 65
|
issue 9: Teologia fundamentalna i religiologia - English Online Version
153-172
EN
The article is an elaboration and a critique of certain aspects of the discussion on the relationship between theology and the natural sciences, with special consideration given to the methodological level. In the paper, I will show that in the domain of the natural sciences, there is a crucial and substantial evolution of methodology in terms of the scientific explanation, theories of truth, methods for justifying scientific hypotheses, etc. I will point out the specific loci where theology can effectively meet science, conserving, however, its autonomy and specificity. Modern cosmology is presented as a special case study in this discussion.
2

Wybrane aspekty relacji nauk przyrodniczych do teologii

100%
Tambor P.
Roczniki Teologiczne
|
2018
|
vol. 65
|
issue 9: Teologia fundamentalna i religiologia
149-166
EN
The article is an elaboration and a critic of certain aspects of the discussion between theology and science with a special respect to its methodological level. I show in the paper that in the domain of natural sciences there is a crucial and substantial evolution of methodology in the terms of scientific explanation, theories of truth, methods of justification of scientific hypotheses, etc. I point on the specific loci where theology can effectively meet science, conserving, however its autonomy and specificity. Modern cosmology is presented as a special case study field for that discussion.
PL
Artykuł jest pewną krytyką współczesnej metodologicznej refleksji nad stanem dyskusji między teologią (w szczególności teologią fundamentalną) a naukami przyrodniczymi. Autor ukazuje w pracy, że w świecie nauk w sensie science dokonuje się wciąż specyficzny rozwój metodologii, która wraca do posługiwania się takimi pojęciami, jak wyjaśnianie, natura zjawisk, prawda teorii naukowych i in. Wskazuje na te zjawiska we współczesnej nauce, które są istotne dla refleksji teologicznej zarówno na poziomie metodologicznym, jak i przedmiotowym. Nakreśla wreszcie pewien zarys problemów, z którymi boryka się zwłaszcza współczesna kosmologia, a które mogą się okazać szczególnie istotne dla teologii fundamentalnej.
3
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The Cosmological Model (CDM, LCDM) in the Conceptual Framework of Effective Theories of the Universe

63%
Szydłowski M., Tambor P.
Filozofia Nauki
|
2008
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vol. 16
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issue 3-4
119-139
PL
In the paper we show that modern cosmology has a status of effective theory of the Universe similarly to the standard models in particle physics. We illustrate that the source of such a point of view is the fact that the complete theory of the Universe (TOE) should be complicated enough to derive observables. The role of epistemological emergence in the context of cosmological models (Cold Dark Matter vs. Lambda Cold Dark Matter) is also investigated. We demonstrate that while the effective theories of the Universe are not conceptually simple and elegant, their strength lies in the predictive accuracy and data fitting required for the model testing.
4
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Czy fizyczne teorie efektywne są wiarygodną strategią osiągnięcia teorii finalnej?

63%
Szydłowski M., Tambor P.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
|
2020
|
issue 68
79-116
PL
The paper presents the methodology of effective theories as a strategy used in the process of development of modern physics to reach a final theory. We present the definition and characteristic features of an effective theory, as well as the answer to the question of whether and what kind of scenario of reaching a final theory is realized by contemporary physics. We argue that the process of development of physics in the direction of a final theory is potentially final, i.e. expressible in the conceptual schema of effective theories and as such it is convergent to a final theory. In each effective theory there are physical constants, however, whose status differs from logical constants. They have a dimension (length, energy, etc.) and are used to compare physical quantities. The structure of relevant effective theory can be interpreted in the epistemological framework of approximated truth theory. In the case study of cosmological models, the sequence of models is convergent to potentially true model. The Standard Cosmological Model is the theory of the structure and dynamics of the Universe.
5
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Wstęp do bayesowskiej metodologii współczesnej kosmologii

51%
Kurek A., Kukier Ł., Szydłowski M., Tambor P.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
|
2009
|
issue 45
62-96
PL
The Bayesian framework is used in reconstruction of modern cosmology which actually concentrates on estimation of model parameters. The authors demonstrate that observational cosmology should be treated as an effective theory of the Universe. It realizes dream of science proposed by logical empirism in some sense, i.e. science should be founded on empirical data from the very beginning, and it formulates and amplifies the hypothesis through new empirical data. They have also shown some limitations of the Bayesian approach as well as its advantages when this approach is applied to cosmology.
6
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Idea of Dynamic Universe – Thought Styles in Cosmology

51%
Szydłowski M., Krawiec A., Tambor P.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2013
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vol. 49
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issue 4(198)
305-319
PL
Patrząc na korzenie współczesnej kosmologii odnajdujemy dwie ważne okoliczności: przejście z kosmologii na podstawie koncepcji czasoprzestrzeni newtonowskiej do kosmologii relatywistycznej i akceptacji idei dynamicznego relatywistycznego wszechświata. Uważamy, że podczas gdy pierwsza jest rewolucją naukową w sensie Kuhna, druga nie ma takiego charakteru. Powodem jest to, że przejście od statycznego Wszechświata Einsteina do Friedmanna dynamicznego Wszechświata odbywa się na fundamentach stworzonych przez ogólną teorię względności. Teoretyczna możliwość dynamicznego wszechświata jest naturalną konsekwencją ogólnej koncepcji względności krzywizny czasoprzestrzeni, ale nie została uznana od samego początku, gdyż Einstein był przekonany, że Wszechświat jest statyczny i nie istnieje rozwiązanie, zgodne z rozszerzającym się wszechświatem. Uważamy, że koncepcja Flecka stylu myślowego jest bardziej adekwatna w rekonstrukcji bardzo
EN
Looking at the roots of modern cosmology we find two important circumstances: the transition from cosmology based on the Newtonian concept of space-time to relativistic cosmology and the acceptance of the idea of dynamical relativistic Universe. We argue that while the former is a scientific revolution in the Kuhn’s sense, the latter has no such a character. The reason is that the transition from Einstein’s static to Friedmann’s dynamic Universe takes place on foundations set up by general relativity theory. The theoretical possibility of dynamic Universe is a natural consequence of general relativity concept of curvature space-time, but it was not recognized from the very beginning, when Einstein was convinced that the Universe is static and did not admit the solutions of expanding Universe. We argue that Fleck’s conception of thought style is more adequate to reconstruct the very complicated process of the dynamical relativistic picture of the Universe (‘Weltbilt’) formation.
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