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Zkušenost bez zraku: příležitost pro reflexi prostorového normativu

100%
Osman R., Pospíšilová L.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2016
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vol. 17
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issue 1
63-76
EN
The paper questions the dominant representation of space (normative space) and its visuality in the case of spatial experience without sight. While the relationships between individuals and spaces are differentiated, normative space (re)produces the conception of one depersonalised and thus disembodied space and denies alternative conceptions of spaces. The aim of the paper is to present the process of independent experiencing of new spaces by visually impaired people. This experience is interpreted in the context of two theories: Lefebvre’s production of space and Butler’s theory of performativity. Our results are based on interviews with 16 visually impaired people and 2 people with knowledge about visual impairment from their profession. The interview partners learn two sets of spatial information: ‘information for communication with others’ and ‘information necessary for spatial mobility’. While the first set of information is required to become part of the visual world and reveal the performative (re)production of the visuality of space, the second set of information is connected to non-visual experience and thus makes it possible to look beyond the normative space, to see visuality as a norm, and to start to reflect on the political connotation of spatial conceptions.
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The Long-term Development of Socio-spatial Differentiation in Socialist and Post-socialist Prague

81%
Špačková P., Pospíšilová L., Ouředníček M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2016
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vol. 52
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issue 6
821-860
EN
The article examines how different social and urban processes were reflected in the spatial patterns of three dimensions of population structure (demographic, socio-economic, and ethnic statuses) in Prague during the socialist and post-socialist periods. The article has three main objectives. First, it analyses inertia and change in socio-spatial patterns and evaluates the processes that have influenced them. Second, it investigates how the importance of all three statuses in the spatial differentiation of urban space has evolved. Third, the article focuses on the level of geographical variability as recorded within different spatial scales, and the development of this variability. It examines selected indicators of socio-economic, demographic, and ethnic statuses by employing detailed statistical data on the level of basic settlement units from the Population Censuses held in 1970, 1991, and 2011. The results confirm that the most significant changes in socio-spatial patterns between socialism and post-socialism can be observed for ethnic spatial differentiation. In addition, the city witnessed considerable changes in demographic spatial patterns in both periods, while socio-economic spatial patterns have remained relatively stable. New socio-spatial processes driven predominantly by movements of young and better-off populations have taken place in previously less attractive neighbourhoods. As a result, very different populations often live side-by-side in contemporary Prague.
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