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  1. 2 Studia Historyczne

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  1. 1 2007

  2. 1 2005

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  1. 2 Obtulowicz B.

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1

Echoes of the Cracow Insurrection and the Dissolution of the Republic of Cracow (1846) in the Spanish Press

100%
Obtulowicz B.
Studia Historyczne
|
2005
|
vol. 48
|
issue 1
29-44
EN
This article looks at the coverage of the Cracow Insurrection and the dissolution of the Republic of Cracow (1846) in the Spanish press. An analysis of the reports and interpretations of the peasant jacquerie (Rabacja), disagreements between Poles living in Poland and Polish emigrés, and tensions between the Catholic and Orthodox churches is followed by a review of the Spanish assessments of the causes of Poland's fall as well as speculations about probable effects of the insurrection, the ways it may resemble the Peninsular War (1808-1814), and the consequences of its failure on the political situation in Europe. The Spanish commentators usually inform their readers about Cracow's symbolic role as a cultural and political centre of a dissolved Polish before discussing the reactions of Britain, France, and Spain (an ally of France) to the annexation of the Republic of Cracow by the Austria-Hungary. One aspect of the Spanish echoes of the events of 1846 in Poland, which has been hardly noticed in Polish historiography, is the link between the connivance of the partitioning powers to the dissolution of the Republic of Cracow (which owed its formation to the Congress of Vienna in 1815) and the marriage of Infanta Louisa Fernanda, sister of Queen Isabella II of Spain, to Antoine Philippe Louis d'Orleans, Duke of Montpensier, the fifth son of Louis-Philippe of France. The article concludes with an assessment of the attitudes of the Spanish press and government to the Polish question in the 19th century.
2

LUIS JOSÉ SARTORIUS, CONDE DE SAN LUIS, SPANISH AMBASSADOR TO ROME (1866-1867) AND THE QUESTION OF ANNEXING THE ETERNAL CITY TO UNITED ITALY

100%
Obtulowicz B.
Studia Historyczne
|
2007
|
vol. 50
|
issue 3-4
299-318
EN
The main aim of this article is to outline the Spanish point of view on the final phases of the process of Italian unification, and especially Madrid's attitude - ie. the position taken by the government, the court and their diplomatic representative in Rome, Luis José Sartorius, Conde de San Luis - to the problem of the pope's temporary powers in the new situation, defined by the rise of the Republic of Italy. The article examines the tone, content, and comments of Sartorius's reports as well his moves and reactions to the crisis. It seems that his personal qualities were a great asset in his ambassadorial job and later, when he had to leave Rome, which was to become the capital of the Italian Republic. The article concludes with a general assessment of the achievements of Luis José Sartorius in his role as Spain's ambassador to the Holy See and a brief mention of the unresolved riddle of his Polish roots (based principally on the fact that he was the founder of Polonia, a political group known as 'partido polaco'). While writing this study the author used as his primary source Sartorius's diplomatic reports and his private correspondence. They were complemented by materials from contemporary Spanish and Italian newspapers, documents which refer to Sartorius's diplomatic activities from the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Madrid and ftom the the Vatican Archives, as well publications of historians who have researched the subject.
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