The legal aspects of regaining independence by Poland in 1918 have been analysed many times in the literature on the subject. In the interwar period, the axis of one of the main disputes in the environment of Polish international lawyers was whether the Second Polish Republic could be treated as a new state or a continuation of the pre-partition state. Until today, a uniform position of the doctrine on this topic, which is also taken up in contemporary publications, has not crystallised. Both sides of the dispute, however, overlook many aspects related to the law of nations concerning the collapse and continuity of states, which has changed throughout history. The aim of this article is to re-analyse the partition and regaining independence by Poland against the background of norms of international law of the time. This will help to systematise the knowledge about the history of Poland and this part of Europe, to resolve a weighty dispute in the history of Polish doctrine of international law, and to point out important aspects related to the struggle of nations still trying to regain independence.
Aspects and Applicability in Present Day Conditions This paper deals with intrigue and trickery during martial activity, as the authors examine the admissibility of various gambits from the perspective of international public law. They provide several historical examples to illustrate their analysis, with a view to determining the extent of admissible subterfuge and defining the lines that must not be crossed.
This paper deals with intrigue and trickery during martial activity as the authors examine the admissibility of various gambits in the aspect of international public law. They provide several historical examples to illustrate their analysis with a view to determining the extent of admissible subterfuge and defining lines that must not be crossed.
The article focuses on the problem of the declaration of war, which has gained a new dimension as a result of the conflict in east Ukraine. Recent events need to be taken into consideration in order to comprehend the complexity of the issue, and the analysis conducted enables researchers to gain a better insight into many elements of the process.
The text focuses on developments in Crimea in 2014, with the authors examining the steps launched by the actors in the aspect of international law. In February 2014 separatist tendencies were on the rise in the Crimean Peninsula, which at the time was part of the Ukrainian state, first and foremost as a result of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. In consequence, Crimea was annexed by the Russian Federation, and the authors look at Russian action from a legal point of view, taking into account the accepted provisions of international law.
Akt wypowiedzenia wojny od wieków stanowił jedną z podstaw prowadzenia konfliktu zbrojnego jako wyraz dojrzałości decyzji odpowiedniego organu państwowego. Wymóg jego stosowania zapobiegał przed pochopnym rozpoczynaniem wojen. Z biegiem czasu zwyczaj ten w końcu został zarzucony. Kwestia znaczenia aktu wypowiedzenia wojny wróciła wraz z „dziwną wojną” na wschodniej Ukrainie. Część ukraińskich środowisk politycznych domaga się od władz oficjalnego wypowiedzenia wojny Federacji Rosyjskiej, która stale zaprzecza swojemu zaangażowaniu się w tym konflikcie. W pracy została przeanalizowana kwestia doniosłości aktu wypowiedzenia wojny, jego konsekwencji prawnych i dotychczasowej praktyki państw. Ponadto przedstawione zostały konsekwencje, jakie może mieć wypowiedzenie wojny w warunkach tzw. wojny hybrydowej toczącej się na wschodniej Ukrainie. Wskazane zostały niejasności na gruncie prawa międzynarodowego, wiążące się z tym konfliktem wraz z oceną, czy wystosowanie aktu wypowiedzenia wojny może pomóc je rozwiązać.
EN
Declaration of war from the centuries was one of the main element of armed conflict as an expression of the maturity decision of the relevant state body. The requirement to declare war prevented rashness in starting war. But over time this practice was abandoned. The issue of significance of the declaration of war returned after outbreak „strange war” in eastern Ukraine. Part of the Ukrainian political circles demands from the authorities the official declaration of war on the Russian Federation, which constantly denies the facts of involvement in this conflict. This article focus on the question of significance of the declaration of war, legal implications and the current practice of states. Moreover, there are pointed out the consequences of declaration of war in the conditions of the so-called hybrid war in eastern Ukraine. In this article presented also unclear under international law binding of this conflict with the opinion of whether the declaration of war can help solve them
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