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NATIONAL COMMUNITY OR AN 'AGGREGATE OF SLAVES, PUPPETS AND BANDITS': NATIONAL DEMOCRATS' THOUGHTS ABOUT IMPERIAL RUSSIA

100%
Wrzesinska K.
Sprawy Narodowościowe
|
2008
|
issue 33
57-74
EN
At the turn of the 20th century, reflection on the Russian issue dominated the body of illegal journalistic publications of the political parties which at that time were emerging in the Polish territories. All these political parties, apart from the international Socialists, perceived the system exemplified by Russian rule as the main threat to aspirations for Polish independence. Though the National Democrats finally stood for pro-Russian (in fact, pro-French and pro-British) orientation in 1908, they still had a negative opinion of Russia and its role in the history of humanity, as well as of the country itself as a nation and a community. In their journalistic writings, the National Democrats, as well as the Socialists, continued their analysis of permanent conflict between Europe and Asia, Poland and Russia, to be a result of the existence of two different political systems: on the one hand, democracy (Europe, Poland), and on the other, despotism (Russia). Moreover, the Russian nation was considered an artificial creation, ruled by means of terror and merciless bureaucracy. A constant feature of these publications was emphasis on the major differences between all things Russian and Polish. The aim of the National Democrat journalists was to help prevent Russification. Additionally, Russian philosophical and social thought was evaluated from the point of view of Polish interests. National Democrats thus rejected all Russian ideas, especially Pan Slavism, as tools of imperialist Russian politics.
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JOZEF OBREBSKI IN THE INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF NATIONALITIES, 1934-1939

63%
Serwanski K., Wrzesinska K.
Sprawy Narodowościowe
|
2006
|
issue 29
81-90
EN
In 1934, Jozef Obrebski commenced his collaboration with the Institute for the Study of Nationalities (IBSN) in Warsaw, which he successfully continued until World War II. Under the auspices of the IBSN and its associates, Obrebski developed a broad range of academic activities which included his fieldwork in the region of Polesie in Eastern Poland in 1934-1937. This project resulted in a series of articles by Obrebski in major Polish journals; two of these, 'The Ethnic Problem of Polesie' and 'The Present Inhabitants of Polesie', appeared in 'Sprawy Narodowościowe', a bi-monthly published by the Institute. Moreover, within the framework of this institution, Obrebski delivered a series of lectures on 'Static and Dynamic Approaches in Ethnic Studies', and, as its representative, participated in major meetings of sociologists in pre-war Poland. In 1936, he was nominated member of the Institute, alongside many eminent personalities. The period between 1934 and 1939 occupies a prominent place in Obrebski's career, by virtue of his achievements in ethnography and sociology, in particular. It brought him recognition based on his most significant study of Polesie, done in collaboration with the Warsaw Institute.
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